词条 | Paddington Bear |
释义 |
| colour = #DEDEE2 | name = Paddington Bear | image = PaddingtonStation-PaddingtonBear.jpg | caption = Statue of Paddington Bear, by sculptor Marcus Cornish, at Paddington Station | first = 13 October 1958 | last = | creator = Michael Bond Paddington and Company (now subsidiary of StudioCanal) | species = Bear | gender = Male | family = Mary Henry Jonathan Judy Brown Mrs Bird | relatives = Uncle Pastuzo Aunt Lucy | nationality = Peruvian }}Paddington Bear is a fictional character in children's literature. He first appeared on 13 October 1958 in the children's book A Bear Called Paddington and has been featured in more than twenty books written by British author Michael Bond and illustrated by Peggy Fortnum and other artists.[1] The friendly bear from Peru—with his old hat, battered suitcase (complete with a secret compartment), duffle coat and love of marmalade—has become a classic character from English children's literature.[2] Paddington books have been translated into 30 languages across 70 titles and sold more than 30 million copies worldwide. A much loved fictional character in British culture, a Paddington Bear soft toy was chosen by British tunnellers as the first item to pass through to their French counterparts when the two sides of the Channel Tunnel were linked in 1994.[3] Paddington is an anthropomorphised bear. He is always polite – addressing people as "Mr", "Mrs" and "Miss", rarely by first names – and kindhearted, though he inflicts hard stares on those who incur his disapproval. He has an endless capacity for innocently getting into trouble, but he is known to "try so hard to get things right." He was discovered in Paddington Station, London, by the (human) Brown family who adopted him, and thus he gives his full name as "Paddington Brown". As of June 2016, the Paddington Bear franchise is now owned by Vivendi's StudioCanal. Bond, however, continued to own the publishing rights to his series (until his death on 27 June 2017),[4][5] which were licensed to HarperCollins in April 2017 for the next six years.[6] HistoryOriginMichael Bond based Paddington Bear on a lone teddy bear he noticed on a shelf in a London store near Paddington Station on Christmas Eve 1956, which he bought as a present for his wife. The bear inspired Bond to write a story; and, in ten days, he had written the first book. The book was given to his agent, Harvey Unna. A Bear Called Paddington was first published on 13 October 1958 by William Collins & Sons.[7][8]Stuffed toy{{refimprove|section|date=October 2018}}The first Paddington Bear stuffed toy to be manufactured was created in 1972 by Gabrielle Designs, a small business run by Shirley and Eddie Clarkson, with the prototype made as a Christmas present for their children Joanna and Jeremy Clarkson (who later became a well-known British TV presenter and writer). Shirley Clarkson dressed the stuffed bear in Wellington boots to help it stand upright. (Paddington received Wellingtons for Christmas in Paddington Marches On, 1964.) The earliest bears wore small children's boots manufactured by Dunlop Rubber until production could not meet demand. Gabrielle Designs then produced their own boots with paw prints moulded into the soles. Shirley Clarkson's book[9] describes the evolution of the toy Paddington from Christmas gift to subject of litigation and ultimately commercial success. StorylineIn the first story, Paddington is found at Paddington railway station in London by the Brown family, sitting on his suitcase with a note attached to his coat that reads "Please look after this bear. Thank you." Bond has said that his memories of newsreels showing trainloads of child evacuees leaving London during World War II, with labels around their necks and their possessions in small suitcases, prompted him to do the same for Paddington.[10] Paddington arrives as a stowaway coming from "Darkest Peru", sent by his Aunt Lucy (one of only a few known relatives aside from an Uncle Pastuzo who gave Paddington his hat),[11] who has gone to live in the Home for Retired Bears in Lima. He claims, "I came all the way in a lifeboat, and ate marmalade. Bears like marmalade." He tells them that no-one can understand his Peruvian name, so the Browns decide to call him Paddington after the railway station in which he was found. Paddington's Peruvian name is ultimately revealed to be "Pastuso"[12] (not to be confused with his "Uncle Pastuzo"). Bond originally wanted Paddington to have "travelled all the way from darkest Africa", but his agent advised him that there were no bears in Africa, and thus it was amended to Peru, home of the spectacled bear.[13] They take him home to 32 Windsor Gardens near Notting Hill. While there is a real Windsor Gardens off Harrow Road between Notting Hill and Maida Vale (close to the location as described in the books) the Windsor Gardens in the book is fictitious and does not resemble the real road.[14] Paddington frequents the nearby Portobello Road market, where he is respected by the shopkeepers for driving a hard bargain. When he gets annoyed with someone, he often gives them one of his special "hard stares" (taught to him by Aunt Lucy), which causes them to become flushed and embarrassed. Paddington's adventures usually arise from him misunderstanding something and trying to right (what he perceives to be) unfair or unjust situations. This typically ends with him messing things up in some way. But in all his adventures, he ends up on top and everyone involved can laugh about it. (A notable exception to this rule is the Browns' next-door neighbour Mr Curry, who, in every adventure, ends up in trouble.) The stories follow Paddington's adventures and mishaps in England, along with some snippets of information about his past. For instance, in one story, we learn that Paddington was orphaned in an earthquake,[12] before being taken in and raised by his Aunt Lucy. CharactersThere is a recurring cast of characters, all of whom are in some way entangled in Paddington's misadventures. These include:
BooksThe first book, A Bear Called Paddington, was published in 1958. Although the books are divided into chapters and each book has a time frame, the stories all work as stand alone stories, and many of them were used like this in the TV series. In order of publication the titles are:[15]
The stories in the first book in the series are:
The stories in the second book in the series are:
The stories in the third book in the series are:
The stories in the fourth book in the series are:
The stories in the fifth book in the series are:
The stories in this sixth collection are:
The stories in this seventh collection are:
The stories in this eighth collection are:
The stories in this ninth collection are:
A single-story picture book. Later adapted (with new illustrations) as Paddington in the Garden, and collected in The Paddington Treasury for the Very Young (2010)[20]
This collects together stories previously published in the Blue Peter annuals, which Michael Bond had written during his time as a cameraman on Blue Peter. The stories all include references to Blue Peter, and feature the contemporary Blue Peter presenters, John Noakes, Peter Purves and Valerie Singleton.
A single-story picture book, aimed at younger readers.
The tenth collection[23] features the following stories:
The eleventh collection in the main series includes these stories:
Following up Paddington's Blue Peter Story Book (1973) this collection collects the remaining stories published in the Blue Peter annuals, which Michael Bond had written during his time as a cameraman on Blue Peter. These stories again feature occasional appearances from the Blue Peter presenters, including newcomer Lesley Judd and newsreader Angela Rippon.
A single-story picture book, aimed at younger readers. Later collected in The Paddington Treasury for the Very Young (2010)[20]
A single-story picture book, aimed at younger readers.
A single-story picture book, aimed at younger readers. Later collected in The Paddington Treasury for the Very Young (2010)[20]
A single-story picture book, aimed at younger readers. This book has not yet been collected or reissued in line with the other picture books.
A single-story picture book, aimed at younger readers. Co-written with Karen Jankel. Author's profits went to Action Research.
A single-story picture book, aimed at younger readers.
This twelfth collection in the main series was published almost thirty years after the last, and coincided with Paddington's fiftieth anniversary. The stories included in this volume are:
The thirteenth collection in the main series includes these stories:
A single-story picture book, aimed at younger readers. Released to coincide with London hosting the Summer Olympic Games.
A book of letters from Paddington and his Aunt Lucy, which retell stories seen in the previous collections from Paddington's perspective.[25]
The fourteenth collection of the main series includes these stories:
This picture book is the finale of the original Paddington series. Special publications
Blue Peter and beyondAuthor Michael Bond was also a BBC TV cameraman who worked on the popular children's television programme Blue Peter. After this was revealed in 1965, a special Paddington story, in which he got mixed up in the programme itself, appeared in the Blue Peter Annuals for many years. They were collected in the novel-length Paddington's Blue Peter Story Book in 1973. A second book based around Blue Peter was titled Paddington on Screen. Television adaptationsPaddington (1975){{Main|Paddington (TV series)}}The BBC television series Paddington, produced by Michael Bond and London-based animation company FilmFair, was first broadcast in 1975. The storylines were based on comedic incidents from the books, chosen to appeal to the TV audience which included much younger children than those the books were written for. This series had an extremely distinctive appearance: Paddington was a stop-motion puppet moving in a three-dimensional space in front of two-dimensional backgrounds (which were frequently sparse black-and-white line drawings), while all other characters were 2D drawings. In one scene, Mr Brown is seen to hand Paddington a jar of marmalade that becomes 3D when Paddington touches it. Animator Ivor Wood also worked on The Magic Roundabout, The Wombles and Postman Pat. The series was narrated by Michael Hordern. In the United States, episodes aired on PBS, on the syndicated series Romper Room, on Nickelodeon as a segment on the programme Pinwheel and on USA Network as a segment on the Calliope (TV series) in the late 1970s and early 1980s, as well as in between preschool programming on The Disney Channel as a segment on the program Lunch Box from the late 1980s into the 1990s.[33][34] The series also aired on HBO in between features, usually when they were airing children's programmes. The series won a silver medal at the New York Film and Television Festival in 1979; the first British animated series to do so. Buena Vista Home Video released 6 volumes of episodes for NTSC/Region 1 Format:
In 2011, Mill Creek Entertainment under the licence of Cookie Jar Entertainment, released the complete original 1975 Paddington Bear series on DVD. The 3-disc set also featured three half-hour television specials, "Paddington Birthday Bonanza", "Paddington Goes To School" and "Paddington Goes to the Movies" along with 15 bonus episodes of The Wombles and Huxley Pig. It also had special features for children on DVD-ROM. Paddington Bear (1989){{main|Paddington Bear (TV series)}}Paddington Bear's 1989 television series was the first by a North American company, Hanna-Barbera, a co-production with Central Independent Television. This series was traditional two-dimensional animation and featured veteran voice actor Charlie Adler as Paddington and Tim Curry as Mr Curry. The character of an American boy named David, Jonathan and Judy Brown's cousin who arrived in London on the same day as Paddington, was added to the stories in the 1989 cartoon. The Adventures of Paddington Bear (1997){{main|The Adventures of Paddington Bear}}The most recent series, produced by Cinar Films, was first broadcast in 1997 and consisted of traditional two-dimensional colour animation. The show was called The Adventures of Paddington Bear. The Official BBC Children in Need Medley (2009){{main|The Official BBC Children in Need Medley}}Paddington Bear also appeared in The Official BBC Children in Need Medley with Peter Kay along with several other animated characters. In the video, Paddington makes a grand appearance by winking at the cameramen when they take photos of him; Kay tries to put a cloak on Paddington, but it keeps sliding off. He also joins the rest of the group for the final act. Paddington (2020)On October 9, 2017, StudioCanal announced that they were producing a TV series based on the live-action Paddington films. On February 14, 2019, it was announced that the studio had teamed with David Heyman and Nickelodeon to make the series, with the working title of Paddington and Ben Whishaw reprising the role. The series is set to launch sometime in 2020.[35] Film adaptationsIn 1975, Alamo Mode released a stop motion film called A Bear Called Paddington (1975). {{Main|Paddington (film series)}}In September 2007, Warner Bros. and producer David Heyman announced a film adaptation of Paddington Bear. Hamish McColl, who penned Mr Bean's Holiday, would write the script. The film would not be an adaptation of an existing story, but "draw inspiration from the whole series" and feature a computer animated Paddington Bear interacting with a live-action environment.[36] Colin Firth had been announced to voice Paddington, however he announced his withdrawal on 17 June 2014, saying: "It’s been bittersweet to see this delightful creature take shape and come to the sad realization that he simply doesn’t have my voice".[37] In July 2014, it was announced that Ben Whishaw had replaced Firth.[38] On 25 June 2012, an official teaser poster was released for the film,[39] stating that it would be released during 2014. A trailer was subsequently released confirming the release to be 28 November 2014. On 17 November 2014, the British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) gave the film a PG certificate and advised parents that the film contained "dangerous behaviour, mild threat, mild sex references, [and] mild bad language". Paul King, the film’s director, told BBC reporter Tim Muffett: "I'm not surprised about that [the PG certificate] but I don't think it's a PG for sexiness. That I would find very odd". Paddington’s creator, Michael Bond, said he was "totally amazed" at the BBFC's advice. After the film’s distributor challenged the certification, the BBFC revised the wording of its parental guidance, replacing "mild sex references" with "innuendo". It also further qualified the "mild bad language" as "infrequent", saying it referred to "a single mumbled use of 'bloody'".[40] To celebrate the release of the film, the Paddington Trail was launched.[41] From 4 November until 30 December 2014, 50 Paddington statues were placed around London close to museums, parks, shops and key landmarks. The statues have been created by artists, designers and celebrities, including supermodel Kate Moss, actress Nicole Kidman, and Downton Abbey star Hugh Bonneville. As the lead charity partner of The Paddington Trail, the NSPCC held an online auction in November and a live auction in December for the statues. All proceeds from the sale went to charity. During 2015, it was announced that the studio was in talks with the producer about a sequel.[42] The sequel, titled Paddington 2, was released on 10 November 2017 in the UK to universal acclaim.[43] In popular culturePaddington was featured on the Royal Mail 1st class stamp in the Animal Tales series released on 10 January 2006, and had previously been featured on one of the 1st class Greetings Messages stamps, released on 1 February 1994. There is a Paddington Bear themed hotel in Lawrence Block's The Burglar in the Rye (1999). Paddington Bear featured in the Marmite UK TV advertisement (first broadcast on 13 September 2007),[44] in which he tries a marmite and cheese sandwich instead of his traditional marmalade sandwich.[45] On 13 October 2008, Google celebrated the 50th anniversary of the first Paddington publication by placing an image of the travelling bear with a sign showing Peru and London incorporated into Google's logo.[46] In November 2014, a balloon with Paddington Bear was introduced in the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. A song about Paddington Bear, "Shine" was released on 13 January 2015 by Gwen Stefani and Pharrell Williams. As part of the promotion of film and to celebrate cross-cultural links between the UK and Peru, the British embassy and StudioCanal commissioned a statue of Paddington in Parque Salazar in the Miraflores district of the Peruvian capital, which was unveiled in July 2015 . Paddington Bear is also used in marketing for Robertson's, on the label of their Golden Shred marmalade. The 2017 Marks and Spencer Christmas advertisement for television shows Paddington mistaking a petty criminal for Santa Claus and helping him right the wrong by returning the gifts back to their rightful owners. References{{Refbegin}}
|last=Bond |first=Michael |author2=Russell Ash |title=The Life and Times of Paddington Bear |year=1988 |publisher=Pavilion |location=London |isbn=978-1-85145-286-6 |oclc=59889284}}
|last=Pfeffer |first=Susan Beth |title= Who Were They Really?: The True Stories behind Famous Characters |year=1999 |publisher=Millbrook Press |location=Brookfield, CN |isbn=978-0-585-24808-0 |oclc=40230491}}
|last=Sheridan |first=Simon |title=The A to Z of Classic Children's Television |year=2004 |publisher=Reynolds & Hearn |location=London |isbn=1-903111-27-7 |oclc=56448513}}{{Refend}} Notes1. ^{{cite web|website=Paddington.com|url=http://www.paddington.com/global/about/timeline/|title=About|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817131744/http://paddington.com/global/about/timeline/|archivedate=17 August 2016|df=dmy-all}} 2. ^Happy birthday little bear – Sunderland Echo, 26 June 2008 3. ^{{cite news|title=Paddington Bear: 13 things you didn't know|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/10777912/Paddington-Bear-13-things-you-didnt-know.html|agency=The Telegraph|date=4 October 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/global/studiocanal-acquires-paddington-brand-third-movie-1201799112/|title=Studiocanal Acquires Paddington Bear Brand, Plans Third Paddington Movie|first=John Hopewell, Elsa|last=Keslassy|date=20 June 2016|publisher=}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vivendi.com/press/news/welcome-home-paddington/|title=Welcome home Paddington ! – Vivendi|publisher=}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.licensing.biz/news/read/harpercollins-secures-six-year-publishing-partnership-for-paddington/045710|title=HarperCollins secures six year publishing partnership for Paddington|publisher=}} 7. ^[https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/news/paddington-returns-to-his-station-as-childrens-favourite-833572.html Paddington returns to his station as children's favourite], Andy McSmith, The Independent, 24 May 2008 8. ^[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/paddington-bear-celebrates-50th-birthday-959692.html Paddington bear celebrates 50th birthday], Jack Riley, The Independent, 13 October 2008 9. ^Shirley Clarkson, Bearly Believable: My Part in the Paddington Bear Story, Harriman House Publishing, 23 June 2008 {{ISBN|978-1-905641-72-7}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.icons.org.uk/nom/nominations/paddington-bear |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-07-12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060903072324/http://www.icons.org.uk/nom/nominations/paddington-bear |archivedate=3 September 2006 |df=dmy-all }} Icons of England – Paddington Bear. Accessed 12 July 2008 11. ^Michael Bond, 'Paddington Here and Now', Harper Collins, London 2008 {{ISBN|978-0-00-726940-2}} 12. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.paddington.com/global/heritage/paddington/ |title=All About Paddington |author= |website=Paddington.com |accessdate=13 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150124001321/http://www.paddington.com/gb/history/paddington |archivedate=24 January 2015 }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.harperchildrens.com/hch/author/author/bond/interview2.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020129134454/http://www.harperchildrens.com/hch/author/author/bond/interview2.asp|dead-url=yes|archive-date=29 January 2002|title=Michael Bond and R.W. Alley’s Paddington Bear|date=29 January 2002|publisher=}} 14. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/paddington-where-author-michael-bond-s-daughter-reveals-truth-of-bear-s-famous-address-32-windsor-8670236.html|title=Paddington where? Author Michael Bond’s daughter reveals truth of|work=The Independent|access-date=2018-07-19|language=en-GB}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.paddingtonbear.co.uk/en/1/cololdboo.mxs|title=The Books|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061007185605/http://www.paddingtonbear.co.uk/en/1/cololdboo.mxs|archivedate=7 October 2006|df=dmy-all}} 16. ^{{ISBN|0-395-06642-5}} published by Houghton Mifflin Company 17. ^{{ISBN|0-618-11577-3}} published by Houghton Mifflin Company 18. ^{{ISBN|0-395-06635-2}}, published 1968 by Houghton Mifflin Company 19. ^{{ISBN|0-618-33141-7}} First American edition published 1970 by Houghton Mifflin Company 20. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.paddington.com/gb/books/picture-books/paddington-treasury-for-the-very-young/|title=Paddington Treasury for the very young|website=www.paddington.com|accessdate=29 June 2017}} 21. ^{{ISBN|978-0563123569}} First published 1973 by The British Broadcasting Corporation 22. ^{{ISBN|0-618-07041-9}} published by Houghton Mifflin Company 23. ^This collection is usually listed as the tenth in the main series, as the Blue Peter Collections and picture books are regarded as separate series. http://www.paddington.com/gb/books/novels/ 24. ^{{ISBN|0-618-18384-1}} published by Houghton Mifflin Company 25. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/apr/08/paddington-bear-letters-new-book-michael-bond |title=Paddington Bear to tell his own origin story in new book of letters |last=Flood |first=Alison |date=8 April 2014 |website= |publisher=The Guardian |accessdate=27 April 2014}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-41926497|title=Bond's last Paddington story out in 2018|date=9 November 2017|publisher=|via=www.bbc.com}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.paddington.com/us/history/timeline/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-04-20 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418141912/http://www.paddington.com/us/history/timeline |archivedate=18 April 2015 }} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.playscriptsforkids.net/catablog-items/paddington-on-stage/|title=Paddington on Stage|work=Play Scripts for Kids – children's drama from page to stage}} 29. ^World Book and Copyright Day 30. ^{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/7134165.stm | work=BBC News | title=Paddington Bear's birthday book | date=8 December 2007 | accessdate=20 May 2010}} 31. ^Paddington Bear: a welcome immigrant – Daniel Hannan, Daily Telegraph. Accessed 12 July 2008. 32. ^Houghton Mifflin company 1999. 33. ^The Disney Channel Magazine, Vol. 7, no. 4, July/August 1989: p. 57. 34. ^The Disney Channel Magazine, Vol. 9, no. 6, November/December 1991: p. 34. 35. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.paddington.com/gb/news/new-tv-show/|title=STUDIOCANAL AND NICKELODEON ANNOUNCE GLOBAL DEAL FOR ALL-NEW “PADDINGTON” TELEVISION SERIES|website=Paddington.com|author=Press Release|date=February 14, 2020}} 36. ^{{cite news | first=Adam | last=Dawtrey | url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117971958.html | title='WB bears down on 'Paddington' film | publisher=Variety | date=13 September 2007 | accessdate=14 September 2007 }} 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://insidemovies.ew.com/2014/06/17/colin-firth-leaving-as-voice-of-paddington-movie-exclusive/|title=Colin Firth leaving as voice of 'Paddington' movie – EXCLUSIVE|first=Anthony|last=Breznican|date=17 June 2014|work=Entertainment Weekly|accessdate=19 November 2014}} 38. ^{{cite web |author= |title= Ben Whishaw cast as new Paddington Bear|url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-28368544| website= BBC News|date= 18 July 2014 |accessdate=19 November 2014 }} 39. ^{{cite web|last=Semlyen|first=Phil de|title=New Paddington Bear Teaser Poster|url=http://www.empireonline.com/news/story.asp?NID=34366|accessdate=8 November 2012|date=25 June 2012}} 40. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-30105052|title= Paddington film: BBFC changes advice about 'sex references' |last=Masters|first=Tim| date=18 November 2014 |accessdate=19 November 2014 |website=BBC News }} 41. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.visitlondon.com/paddington/|title=Paddington Trail Bears – Celebrity Designers & More – visitlondon.com|work=visitlondon.com}} 42. ^{{cite web|last1=Child|first1=Ben|title=Paddington sequel? Fur sure!|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/feb/09/paddington-sequel-studio-canal|website=The Guardian|publisher=Guardian News|accessdate=10 February 2015}} 43. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.empireonline.com/movies/news/paddington-2-starts-shooting-hugh-grant-brendan-gleeson-aboard/|title=Paddington 2 starts shooting with Hugh Grant and Brendan Gleeson aboard|first=Phil de|last=Semlyen|website=Empire}} 44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.paddingtonbear.co.uk/en/1/facnewmar.mxs|title=Paddington Stars in a New Series of Marmite Ads|publisher=|accessdate=29 June 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011232154/http://www.paddingtonbear.co.uk/en/1/facnewmar.mxs|archivedate=11 October 2007|df=dmy-all}} 45. ^{{cite news |url=http://media.guardian.co.uk/advertising/story/0,,2166949,00.html |title=Paddington gets taste for Marmite |accessdate=13 September 2007 |last=Sweney |first=Mark |date=12 September 2007 |publisher=MediaGuardian.co.uk | location=London}} 46. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/doodles/paddington-bears-50th-birthday|title=Paddington Bear's 50th Birthday|work=google.com}} External links{{Commons category}}
15 : Paddington Bear|Vivendi franchises|Characters in children's literature|Characters in British novels of the 20th century|Fictional bears|Fictional characters introduced in 1958|Fictional orphans|Fictional refugees|Novels set in London|Series of children's books|Animal tales|Novels adapted into television programs|British novels adapted into films|Male characters in literature|Bears in literature |
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