请输入您要查询的百科知识:

 

词条 Papilio indra
释义

  1. Description

  2. Habitat

  3. Flight

  4. Subspecies

  5. Food plants

  6. References

{{italic title}}{{Speciesbox
| name = Indra swallowtail
| image = Grand Canyon Swallowtail.jpg
| image_caption = Grand Canyon swallowtail (P. i. kaibabensis) female
| status =
| taxon = Papilio indra
| authority = Reakirt, 1866
| range_map =
| synonyms =
}}

Papilio indra, the Indra swallowtail, short-tailed black swallowtail, or cliff swallowtail, is a western North American butterfly in the family Papilionidae.

Description

The Indra swallowtail is a black swallowtail similar in coloration to the black swallowtail and the short-tailed swallowtail. It has very short tails and has dark blue crescents on the topside of the hindwing.[1]

Habitat

This butterfly may be found in rugged, arid, or mountainous countrysides.[1][3]

Flight

The Indra swallowtail has one brood per year and is on the wing in spring in southern or lower altitudes but early summer in northern or higher altitudes.[1]

Subspecies

Listed alphabetically:[2]

There is an as-yet unnamed subspecies that has been referred to as bonnevillensis by some and as the "Utah-West Desert segregate" by others.
  • P. i. calcicola Emmel & Griffin, 1998
  • P. i. fordi Comstock & Martin, 1956
  • P. i. indra Reakirt, 1866
  • P. i. kaibabensis Bauer, 1955
  • P. i. martini T. & J. Emmel, 1966
  • P. i. minori Cross, 1936
  • P. i. nevadensis T. & J. Emmel, 1971
  • P. i. panamintensis Emmel, 1982
  • P. i. parvindra J. Emmel, T. Emmel & Griffin, 2008
  • P. i. pergamus H. Edwards, 1874
  • P. i. phyllisae J. Emmel, 1982
  • P. i. shastensis Emmel & Emmel, 1998

Food plants

Parsley family.[3]

References

{{Commons}}{{Wikispecies}}
1. ^Jim P. Brock and Kenn Kaufman (2003). Butterflies of North America. Houghton Mifflin, New York, NY. {{ISBN|0-618-15312-8}}
2. ^Papilio, funet.fi
3. ^Indra Swallowtail, Butterflies of Canada.
  • Emmel, J.F. and Emmel,T.C., 1964. The life history of Papilio indra minori. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 18: 65-73.pdf
  • Emmel, T.C. and Emmel, J.F., 1967. The biology of Papilio indra kaibabensis in the Grand Canyon. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 21: 41-49. pdf
  • Emmel, J.F. and Emmel, T.C., 1968. The population biology and life history of Papilio indra martini. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 22: 46-52.pdf
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3019475}}

4 : Butterflies of North America|Papilio|Butterflies described in 1866|Taxa named by Tryon Reakirt

随便看

 

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

 

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间:2024/11/13 10:48:11