| 词条 | Patented Medicine Prices Review Board |
| 释义 |
The Patented Medicine Prices Review Board (PMPRB) is a Canadian federal, independent, semi-judicial agency with a mandate to protect Canadian consumers by ensuring that the prices of patented medication charged by manufacturers of patented drugs are not excessive. The PMPRB investigates, reviews and negotiates the price of individual drugs that are still under patent and which yet have no generic substitutes. The Review Board establishes the maximum prices that can be charged in Canada for patented drugs.[1][2] Federal governmentThe PMPRB, which reports to Parliament of Canada through Health Canada, the federal department responsible for public health, ensures that prices charged by manufacturers of patented drugs are not excessive.[3]{{rp|93}} BackgroundBill C-22, which was passed in 1987, extending the "period of patent protection before compulsory licensing could be possible"[3] and established the federal Patented Medicine Prices Review Board (PMPRB). The PMPRB determines a maximum price for individual drugs through a review process, and negotiates "voluntary compliance agreements" with drug companies to ensure that "manufacturer prices are within justification, and [are] not excessive".[4]{{rp|93}} Annual reportsAccording to the PMPRB annual report, for the fiscal year 2017, there were 1,391 patented medicines for human use that were reported to the PMPRB which included 80 new medicines. By December 31, 2017, there were 14 Voluntary Compliance Undertakings accepted.[5][6] Patented medicines represented 61.5% of the total medicine sales in Canada in 2017 up from 60.8% in 2016.[5] Notes1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.aarpinternational.org/resourcelibrary/resourcelibrary_show.htm |work=AARP International|title=Prescription Drug Prices in Canada: What Are the Lessons for the U.S.? |location=Washington, DC }}Prescription drug prices in the United States 2. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/drug-prices-1.5007636 |title=Facing crackdown in Canada, drugmakers offered billions in price cuts: Delayed rules would change countries Canada compares its prices to, dropping U.S. |work=Thomson Reuters via CBC |date=February 6, 2019 |access-date=February 6, 2019}} 3. ^According to the June 2001 article published in Health Affairs, since 1969, an amendment to the 1923 Patent Act allowed manufacturers to import a patented drug, if they paid a royalty to the patent holders. Bill C-22 extended that period of patent protection. 4. ^1 {{cite journal |last=Menon |first=Devidas |date=June 2001 |title=Pharmaceutical Cost Control in Canada: Does It Work? |journal=Health Affairs |volume=20 |pages=1–12 |bibcode=|doi=10.1377/hlthaff.20.3.92 |url=https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/pdf/10.1377/hlthaff.20.3.92 |format=PDF |access-date=February 6, 2019}} 5. ^1 {{Cite web| title = Annual Report 2017| accessdate = 2019-02-07| date = 2018-07-12| url = http://pmprb-cepmb.gc.ca |work=PMPRB}} 6. ^1998. Report of the The Patented Medicine Prices Review Board. Road Map for the Next Decade Ottawa, Ontario. 36pp. References{{reflist|30em}}External links
2 : Canadian federal departments and agencies|Pharmacy organizations in Canada |
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