| 词条 | Patrick Horsbrugh |
| 释义 |
| name = Patrick Horsbrugh | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1920|6|21|df=yes}} | birth_place = Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2014|1|12|1920|6|21}} | death_place = South Bend, Indiana, United States | nationality = British | other_names = | known_for = High Paddington, Environics | occupation = Professor of architecture }} Patrick Horsbrugh (21 June 1920 – 12 January 2014) was a British architecture professor. Born in Belfast, he took an interest in architecture at a young age, but his studies were interrupted by military service during World War II. Following the conflict he studied in Britain and the United States before embarking on teaching career that spanned numerous major American universities. He also competed for Great Britain at the art competitions at the 1948 Summer Olympics. As a researcher, he coined the term "environics" to cover the study of the environmental implications of modern architecture development and taught courses on the subject until his retirement. He held the title of professor emeritus at the University of Notre Dame until his death in January 2014. Early lifeHorsbrugh was born on 21 June 1920 in Belfast.[1] Although Scottish in ancestry, his parents had been born in India and his father was a member Canadian Forces who also worked as a taxidermist and hunter. Patrick decided by the age of twelve to pursue a career in architecture and moved to Dorset to further his studies. During World War II he served in the British Army and the Royal Air Force as a member of Coastal Command 279 Squadron stationed at RAF Thornaby. Horsbrugh was stationed with a detachment in northern Scotland to cover the activities of strike and patrol.[2] He was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy to act as an observer on the country's first aircraft carrier. He also volunteered at the Middlesbrough Survey and Planning office during his leave times. After seven years of military service he studied at a student-run private school known as the Architectural Association School of Architecture and eventually ended up on scholarship in Rome, where he was convinced to study landscape architecture at Harvard University.[3] As a representative of Great Britain, Horsbrugh entered a work entitled "Sailing Club" into the "architectural design" category of the art competitions at the 1948 Summer Olympics, but did not win a medal.[1] Teaching careerAfter teaching at Harvard for several years, Horsbrugh lectured at North Carolina State University as a visiting professor in 1952.[3] During this same year, High Paddington was published by Sergei Kadleigh, with Horsbrugh's assistance, describing a vertically built town suitable for eight thousand individuals.[4] After a stint at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign,[5] he spent five years teaching at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, which was at the time the maximum number of years that a foreigner could be employed with the University of Nebraska system. Although the law was rescinded at the end of his tenure, he had already signed a contract with the University of Texas at Austin, where in 1965 he had planned and hosted a conference on the environmental impact of modern architecture. He spent two and a half more years at the institution prior to arriving at the University of Notre Dame in 1968 to teach environics, a term that he had coined in 1954 to encompass the studies of the interplay between the environment and architecture. During his career he also lectured at the University of California, Berkeley, the University of Florida, the University of Georgia, and Pennsylvania State University.[6] Later lifeHe retains the status of professor emeritus at the University of Notre Dame, where he returned in 1984.[7] He is an honorary member of the American Society of Landscape Architects.[8] He resided in South Bend, Indiana[3] until his death in January 2014, at the age of 93.[9] References1. ^1 {{cite web|last = Gjerde|first = Arild|author2=Jeroen Heijmans |author3=Bill Mallon |author4=Hilary Evans |title = Patrick Horsbrugh Biography and Olympic Results|work = Olympics|publisher = Sports Reference.com|date = February 2011|url = https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ho/patrick-horsbrugh-1.html|accessdate = 2011-02-06}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Horsbrugh, Patrick}}2. ^{{cite book|last = Docherty|first = Tom|title = Dinghy Drop: 279 Squadron RAF 1941 - 46|publisher = Pen and Sword Aviation|date = 2013-06-25}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite web|last = Owens|first = Yona|title = Interview with Patrick Horsbrugh - Part 1|work = Lewis Clarke Oral Histories Project|publisher = North Carolina State University|date = 2008-01-13|url = http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/scrc/lewisclarke/horsbrugh|format = PDF|accessdate = 2012-04-09}} 4. ^{{Cite book|last = Kadleigh|first = Sergei|author2=Patrick Horsbrugh|title = High Paddington|publisher = Iliffe News and Media|year = 1952|pages = 40|id = OL18747615M}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|title = Illinois Municipal Review|journal = Illinois Municipal Review|volume = 35-37|pages = 58|publisher = Illinois Municipal League|year = 1956|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Rz2uAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Patrick+Horsbrugh%22&dq=%22Patrick+Horsbrugh%22&hl=en&ei=tGxPTfSGBs7UgAegwNAJ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAThQ|accessdate = 2011-02-06}} 6. ^{{Cite web|last = Owens|first = Yona|title = Interview with Patrick Horsbrugh - Part 2|work = Lewis Clarke Oral Histories Project|publisher = North Carolina State University|date = 2008-01-13|url = http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/scrc/lewisclarke/horsbrugh|format = PDF|accessdate = 2012-04-09}} 7. ^{{Cite web|title = University of Notre Dame Emeriti Faculty|work = Reports|publisher = University of Notre Dame|date = 2009-05-04|url = http://ndreport.nd.edu/assets/11957/emeriti_faculty_5.4.2009.pdf|format = PDF|accessdate = 2011-02-06}} 8. ^{{Cite web|title = Honorary Membership in ASLA|publisher = American Society of Landscape Architects|year = 2011|url = http://www.asla.org/IndividualAward.aspx?id=3814|accessdate = 2011-02-06}} 9. ^{{cite news|last = Dunker|first = Chris|title = Former architect professor remembered for unique teaching methods|newspaper = Lincoln Journal Star|publisher = Lee Enterprises|date = 2014-01-14|url = http://journalstar.com/news/local/education/former-architect-professor-remembered-for-unique-teaching-methods/article_ce8684c3-1760-5cb7-92ad-f8d7a0248e94.html|accessdate = 2014-01-16}} 9 : 1920 births|2014 deaths|University of Notre Dame faculty|Olympic competitors in art competitions|People from Belfast|20th-century British architects|20th-century American architects|British Army personnel of World War II|Royal Air Force personnel of World War II |
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