| 词条 | Lord William Cecil (bishop) |
| 释义 |
| type = Bishop | name = Lord Rupert Ernest William Gascoyne-Cecil | title = Bishop of Exeter | image = Rev-lord-william-cecil.jpg | alt = Bearded clergyman | caption = Cecil in 1914 | church = Church of England | archdiocese = | diocese = | see = Exeter | term = 1916–1936 | predecessor = Archibald Robertson | successor = Charles Edward Curzon | ordination = 1887 | ordinated_by = | consecration = | consecrated_by = | rank = | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1863|3|9}} | birth_place = Hatfield House | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1936|6|23|1863|3|9}} | death_place = | previous_post = Rector of Hatfield }} Lord Rupert Ernest William Gascoyne-Cecil (9 March 1863 – 23 June 1936) was Bishop of Exeter from 1916 to 1936. He was the second son of Prime Minister Lord Salisbury. Educated at Eton and Oxford, he was rector of Hatfield for 28 years before being appointed bishop. Married in 1887, he had three daughters and four sons, three of whom were killed in the First World War. As bishop he was generally liked, but had a reputation for eccentricity. BiographyWilliam Cecil (as he was generally known) was born at Hatfield House, the second son of Prime Minister Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury. He was educated at Eton, where he was bullied and nicknamed "Fish", a name that stuck with him among family and friends throughout his life. Following Eton he was educated at University College, Oxford where he gained a third in law. After leaving university, Cecil worked for a few months in London's East End slums.[1] He was ordained in 1887, and married Lady Florence ("Fluffy") Mary Bootle-Wilbraham, daughter of Edward Bootle-Wilbraham, 1st Earl of Lathom on 16 August of the same year.[2] They had four sons and three daughters. Their eldest son Randle William was born 28 November 1889 and was killed in action during the First World War on 1 December 1917. Their third and fourth sons were also killed in that war: John Arthur (28 March 1893 – 27 August 1918) and Rupert Edward (20 January 1895 – 11 July 1915). Their second son Victor Alexander (21 May 1891 – 17 January 1977) was wounded twice in the war, but survived. Their three daughters were Eve Alice (13 January 1900 – 1994) who married Vice-Admiral Richard Shelley, her twin sister Mary Edith (13 January 1900 – 1994), and Anne (8 October 1906 – 23 October 1924).[3] Cecil's first curacy was in Great Yarmouth, but this lasted for less than a year,[4] because in 1888 his father had him appointed as Rector of Hatfield, which came with a fine rectory some distance from the town. However he persuaded his father to build him a smaller house nearer to the town so he could be closer to his parishioners.[1] He remained in that post for the next 28 years, also becoming Rural Dean of Hertford from 1904; a chaplain to King Edward VII from 1909; and an honorary canon of St Alban's Cathedral from 1910.[4] In 1908 he attended the fifth Lambeth Conference which led him to an interest in China, which country he later visited several times. He tried unsuccessfully to establish a Christian university there and in 1910, with his wife, he wrote a book: Changing China.[1][5] BishopricIn 1916 the then Prime Minister, Herbert Asquith offered him the post of Bishop of Exeter, and although initially unwilling to move, he finally accepted. Trevor Beeson, in his book The Bishops (2002), expresses surprise at the appointment, stating that it was "easily the most extraordinary episcopal appointment of the twentieth century" because of his total unsuitability "by aptitude and experience for a bishopric".[1] Beeson went on to surmise that only a person with a large personal income such as Cecil could have been appointed to the see at the time because one third of its annual income was being paid as a pension to his predecessor, Archibald Robertson who had resigned aged 63 and lived until 1931.[1] Cecil's episcopate was notable for its tolerance. He took the view that the principles of the Church were broad enough to allow wide latitude in the permissible forms of religious service, so he did not try to enforce any particular theological school of thought, and maintained a friendly relationship with the leaders of Nonconformist groups.[4] He did, however, quarrel with his cathedral when he suggested the abolition of the office of the Dean, with the money that would be saved being used to pay for a suffragan bishop to increase pastoral care in the diocese. His proposal did not come to fruition and was put down as one of "Love in a Mist's" madcap ideas.[1] {{Quote box|quote = William Exon A shaggy head, a woolly mind, The Cecil temper – and behind? Ah yes! I wonder what you'd find? A humble soul, perplext and kind. |source = —W. R. Matthews, contemporary Dean of Exeter.[1] |align = right}} EccentricityAs bishop, Cecil gained a reputation for eccentricity and the nickname of "Love in a Mist" was given to him, according to Beeson, on account of his "administrative ineptitude and autocratic unwillingness to take advice", ameliorated by a most loving personality.[1] Beeson relates several instances of Cecil's eccentric behaviour. On one occasion a guest having tea with him at his home was surprised when he fed pieces of crumpets to two rats that came out of holes in the floor, and threw powdered copper sulphate on the fire to turn the flames green, remarking that he liked the colour. Once, goes another story, while robing in the vestry before a service, he held a handkerchief between his teeth, but forgot to return it to his pocket and proceeded to the altar with it still hanging from his mouth. He had been heard to complain that the Bible was "an awkward book", and while travelling around his diocese he would often ring up his wife to ask where he was.[1] Shortly after his death in 1936, he was commemorated in the cathedral by two sculptures, both bearded: one is on the screen of the Speke chapel in which he is depicted as St Martin giving his cloak to a beggar;[16] the other, as St Peter, is high up on the bishop's throne and was created in 1938 by the Exeter woodcarver, Herbert Read.[6] A tablet in the floor by the throne expresses the wish that the statue will "keep for ever alive the memory" of Lord William Cecil.[7] Writings
FamilyBishop Cecil married on 16 August 1887, Lady Florence Mary Bootle Wilbraham, daughter of 1st Earl of Lathom. They had issue:
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite book|last=Beeson|first=Trevor|authorlink=Trevor Randall Beeson|title=The Bishops|year=2003|publisher=SCM Press|edition=paperback|location=London|isbn=0-334-02916-3|pages=12–15}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=de La Caillemotte de Massue de Ruvignés|first=Melville Henry|authorlink=Melville Henry Massue|title=The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal|edition=reprinted 1994|volume=2|year=1907|isbn=0-8063-1433-8|page=216}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p1641.htm#i16410|title=Person Page 1641|publisher=thepeerage.com|accessdate=20 March 2011|last=Lundy|first=Darryl}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite journal | title=Obituary: The Lord Bishop of Exeter| journal=Report & Transactions of the Devonshire Association| year=1936| volume=68| pages=27–29}} 5. ^Available from the [https://archive.org/details/changingchina00gascuoft Internet Archive]. 6. ^{{cite book|last=Glasscoe|first=Marion|editor=Swanton, Michael|title=Exeter Cathedral – A Celebration|publisher=Dean and Chapter of Exeter|year=1991|isbn=0-9503320-5-4|page=122}} 7. ^1 {{cite book|last=Orme|first=Nicholas|title=The Cathedral Cat – Stories from Exeter Cathedral|publisher=Impress Books Ltd|location=Exeter|year=2008|isbn=978-0-9556239-4-3|page=117}} External links
| title = Bishop of Exeter | years = 1916–1936 | before = Archibald Robertson | after = Charles Edward Curzon }}{{s-end}}{{Bishops of Exeter since 1908}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cecil, William}} 9 : 1863 births|1936 deaths|Cecil family|Bishops of Exeter|Children of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom|Younger sons of marquesses|20th-century Anglican bishops|People educated at Eton College|Alumni of University College, Oxford |
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。