| 词条 | Pauling & Co. |
| 释义 |
| name = Pauling & Co. Ltd | logo = Pauling & Co Logo .jpg | caption = Pauling & Co. Logo | type = Limited company and latterly (after 1978) Public company | genre = | fate = | predecessor = Firbank, Pauling & Co., Pauling and Butler, Pauling, Elliot & Co. | successor = Pauling ltd | foundation = 1894 | founder = George Pauling | defunct = {{End date|df=yes|2002|04|02}} | location_city = Westminster | location_country = England | location = Nottingham | locations = wide, primarily Southern Africa and the Middle East | area_served = | key_people = George Pauling, Sir John Gibson | industry = Civil engineering | products = | services = | revenue = | operating_income = | net_income = | aum = | assets = | equity = | owner = | num_employees = | parent = | divisions = | subsid = Pauling (Middle East) Ltd, Pauling (Oman) L.L.C., Pauling Systems Ltd | homepage = | footnotes = }} Pauling & Co. was a major British civil engineering contractor renowned chiefly for building the railways of Southern Africa. HistoryPauling & Co. was founded by George Craig Sanders Pauling[1] in 1894. Pauling had previously built railways since 1875, trading variously as Firbank, Pauling & Co., Pauling and Butler in South Africa and Rhodesia as well as in Greece, Puerto Rico, from Haifa to Damascus and in England as Pauling and Elliot. Whilst undertaking civil engineering projects in England his partnership with Elliot was dissolved in 1894 and he formed Pauling & Co. and completed this contracting work. By 1895 Pauling returned to South Africa and Rhodesia. Between 1900 and 1918 Pauling & Co. built hundreds of miles of railway in Rhodesia, Angola and Nyasaland and they were a major contributor to the development of the railways of Southern and Central Africa, including the greater part of Cecil Rhodes' unfinished Cape to Cairo Railway scheme. Having been restructured in 1931, Pauling & Co. entered into partnership with contractor John Watson Gibson[2] in 1933 forming Gibson and Pauling (Foreign) Ltd. in 1933 to build the Jebel Aulia Dam on the White Nile in Sudan. On the successful completion of the Jebel Aulia Dam, Gibson became managing director of Pauling & Co., a position he held until his death in March 1947. During the Second World War Paulings undertook construction work for the war effort, including Royal Ordnance factories, and they were one of the 25 principal civil engineering contractors to build the Phoenix concrete caissons that formed the breakwaters to the Mulberry harbours.[3] In 1946 Pauling & Co. were employed by United Africa Company to undertake ground clearance for the ill-fated Groundnut scheme.[4] In the 1970s and 1980s Paulings undertook civil engineering schemes in the Middle East, particularly in the United Arab Emirates and Oman. In 1976 they were awarded the Queen's Award for Industry for export.[5] Companies House records that Pauling Ltd. was dissolved on 2 April 2002. Major projectsRailwaysFrom 1894 to 1939, Pauling engineered {{convert|6,310|miles}} of railway of which {{convert|5,922|miles}} were in Africa. This formed the greater part of the Cape to Cairo Railway and the Benguela railway. In Britain, they did the Northholt to High Wycombe between 1901-1905; the first 100 kilometres of the Tete Railway in Mozambique 1939.[6] They were also responsible for building the Letterkenny to Burtonport narrow gauge railway in Co Donegal, Ireland with their bridge design engineer Taggart Aston working on these constructions. He also then went to South Africa to work on Pauling's railways there.[7] Hydroelectric worksPauling worked for the Tata Company in Bombay, including the construction of three large dams.[6] HarboursPauling worked on construction of Kilindini Harbour, Kenya; Beira Harbour, Mozambique; and the first part of Lobito Harbour, Angola.[6] DamsThe comp[any worked on Mazoe Dam, Zimbabwe and Magoto Dam[8] and, through an associated company, the Jebel Aulia Dam on the White Nile in Sudan for the Egyptian Government at a cost of over £E2,000,000 - 1933-1937; St. Saviour’s Dam for the Guernsey States Water Board,[9] and San Felipe Dam in Argentina, constructed by Pauling Argentina Lda.[6] War workDuring World War II, Pauling engineered Royal Ordnance Factory 17, Featherstone, Staffordshire 1941;[10] 9 No. A1 Phoenix Caissons for the Mulberry Harbours constructed in Southampton Graving Dock No. 5 -1943-1944.[3] Construction of military camps at Oswestry, Chester, Rhyl, Wrexham, Gresford, Brecon and Prestatyn.[11] Roads and airportsRoads and airports included the central section of the Abu Dhabi-Alain Highway; Alain Roads; and Abu Dhabi International Airport Runway and Taxiways, 1974. Other worksPauling was involved in construction of steel prefabricated housing during post-World War II reconstruction. Others included: The Groundnut Scheme Ground Clearance, Tanganyika, 1946;[4] construction of the American Embassy in Grosvenor Square, London in the period 1959-61;[12] construction of the complete water supply scheme for the town (as it was) of Abu Dhabi in 1964-65;[13] and construction of the new capital of Belize, called Belmopan, following the severe damage caused by Hurricane Hattie to the old capital (construction from 1967–70).[14] References1. ^Robert Brown and Anita McConnell, ‘Pauling, George Craig Sanders (1854–1919)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 28 April 2010 2. ^Howard Gibson and Leo D'Erlanger, ‘Gibson, Sir John Watson (1885–1947)’, rev. Robert Sharp, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 28 April 2010 3. ^1 Hartcup, p. 94 4. ^1 {{cite book |title=They Meant Well, Government Project Disasters |last=D.R. Myddleton |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2007 |publisher=Institute of Economic Affairs |location=London |isbn=978-0-255-36601-4 |page= |pages=72–73 |url=http://www.iea.org.uk/files/upld-book419pdf?.pdf |accessdate=}} 5. ^{{cite news |title=Queen's Awards for export and technology |newspaper=The Times |date=21 April 1976 |page=22 col B |id=Issue 59684}} 6. ^1 2 3 The source for Paulings pre World War II projects is {{cite news |title=Pauling & Co. (Display Advertising |newspaper=The Times |date=1 August 1939 |page=33 col A |id=Issue 48372}} 7. ^That Old Sinner by Frank Sweeney 8. ^Possibly one the Nkumpi dams near Magoto, South Africa 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/opinion/obituaries/13113519.Harold_Whitson/|title=Obituary: Harold Whitson|date=13 July 2013|publisher=Glasgow Herald|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://sites.google.com/site/collectedinterests/local-history/disused-depot |title=Disused Depot |author= |date= |work=Collected Interests |publisher= |accessdate=28 April 2010}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 11. ^The Works of Pauling and Company Limited, published by the company in 1980, page 43 12. ^The Works of Pauling and Company Limited, published by the company in 1980, page 60 13. ^The Works of Pauling and Company Limited, published by the company in 1980, page 72 14. ^The Works of Pauling and Company Limited, published by the company in 1980, page 82 Sources
The Works of Pauling and Company Limited, published by the company in 1980 Further reading
5 : Construction and civil engineering companies of the United Kingdom|Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1894|1894 establishments in England|Companies disestablished in 2002|2002 disestablishments in England |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。