| 释义 |
- Career
- Personal life
- Filmography Film Television
- References
- External links
{{short description|American actress}}{{Infobox person
| image = Louise Fletcher 1959 crop.jpg
| imagesize =
| caption = Fletcher in 1959
| birth_name = Estelle Louise Fletcher | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1934|7|22}}| occupation = Actress| years_active = 1958–present| birth_place = Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.| height = {{convert|5|ft|10|in}}| spouse = {{marriage|Jerry Bick|1960|1977|reason=div.}}| children = 2 | known_for = One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest}}Estelle Louise Fletcher (born July 22, 1934), known professionally as Louise Fletcher, is an American actress.Fletcher had her acting debut in the television series Yancy Derringer in 1958. She guest starred in the television series Wagon Train in 1959 before making her film debut in A Gathering of Eagles in 1963. In 1974, after a decade-long hiatus from acting in which she raised a family, Fletcher appeared in Robert Altman's Thieves Like Us. The following year, Fletcher gained international recognition for her performance as Nurse Ratched in the drama film One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975), for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress, BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and Golden Globe Award for Best Actress. She became only the third actress to ever win an Academy Award, BAFTA Award and Golden Globe Award for a single performance, after Audrey Hepburn and Liza Minnelli. Other notable film roles include The Heretic (1977), Brainstorm (1983), Firestarter (1984), Flowers in the Attic (1987), 2 Days in the Valley (1996), and Cruel Intentions (1999).Later in her career, Fletcher returned to television, appearing as Winn Adami in Deep Space Nine (1993–1999), as well as receiving Primetime Emmy Award nominations for her guest-starring roles in the television series Picket Fences (1996) and Joan of Arcadia (2004). In 2011–2012, she appeared in a recurring role on the Showtime television series Shameless as Frank Gallagher's foul-mouthed and hard-living mother who is serving a prison sentence for manslaughter. More recently, she portrayed the recurring role of Rosie on the Netflix series Girlboss (2017).==Early life==Fletcher was born in Birmingham, Alabama, the second of four children to Estelle Caldwell and the Reverend Robert Capers Fletcher, an Episcopal missionary from Arab, Alabama. Both of her parents were deaf and worked with the deaf and hard-of-hearing.[{{cite web |url=https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800040517/bio |title=Louise Fletcher |work=Yahoo Movies |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522083319/https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800040517/bio |archive-date=May 22, 2011}}]
2. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/16/obituaries/rev-john-fletcher-87-ministered-to-the-deaf.html |title=Rev. John Fletcher, 87; Ministered to the Deaf |work=The New York Times |date=March 16, 1988 |access-date=January 30, 2019}}
3. ^{{cite web |last=Robertson |first=Nan |url=http://www.littlereview.com/goddesslouise/articles/nyt0476.htm |title=The Fletchers: Family That Heard The Silent Thanks |work=The New York Times |date=April 1976 |access-date=January 30, 2019}}
4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.littlereview.com/goddesslouise/articles/nyt1175.htm|title=The Nurse Who Rules the Cuckoo's Nest|first=Aljean |last=Harmetz|work=The New York Times|date=November 1975|accessdate=21 February 2015}}
5. ^{{YouTube|NlyGH4G39KE}}
6. ^{{cite web |last=Hametz |first=Aljean |work=The New York Times |series=Best Pictures |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/packages/html/movies/bestpictures/cuckoo-ar2.html |access-date=January 30, 2019 |title=Louise Fletcher: The Nurse Who Rules the 'Cuckoo's Nest' |date=November 30, 1975}}
7. ^1 2 {{cite web |last=Weinraub |first=Bernard |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/27/movies/oscar-s-glory-is-fleeting-ask-one-who-knows.html |title=Oscar's Glory is Fleeting. Ask One Who Knows. |work=The New York Times |date=March 27, 1995 |access-date=January 30, 2019}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2004/scene/markets-festivals/jerry-bick-1117913951/ |title=Jerry Bick: Literary agent, producer |work=Variety |date=November 22, 2004 |access-date=January 30, 2019}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.gallaudet.edu/Documents/Academic-Affairs/honorary-degree-recipient-2017-1864-10-20-17.pdf |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |publisher=Gallaudet University |access-date=January 30, 2019 |format=PDF}}
10. ^{{cite book |first1=Mick |last1=Martin |first2=Marsha |last2=Porter |title=The Video Movie Guide 2002 |year=2001 |page=1132 |isbn=9780345421005}}
External links{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Louise Fletcher
|list ={{AcademyAwardBestActress 1961-1980}}{{BAFTA Award for Best Actress 1960-1979}}{{GoldenGlobeBestActressMotionPictureDrama 1961-1980}}{{Saturn Award for Best Actress}}
}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Fletcher, Louise}} 12 : 1934 births|20th-century American actresses|21st-century American actresses|Actresses from Birmingham, Alabama|American film actresses|American television actresses|Best Actress Academy Award winners|Best Actress BAFTA Award winners|Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (film) winners|Living people|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni|Western (genre) television actors |