| 词条 | Perestu Kadın |
| 释义 |
| name = Perestu Kadın | title = | image = Mihriah valide sultan trbesi 7 copy.jpg | caption = Interior view of the mausoleum of Mihrişah Sultan, where the tomb of Perestu Kadın is located | succession = Valide Sultan of the Ottoman Empire | reign = 31 August 1876 – 1904 | predecessor = Şevkefza Kadın | successor = Vacant until sultanate abolished in 1922 | birth_name = Rahime Gogen | birth_date = {{circa}} 1830 | birth_place = Sochi, Abkhazia | death_date = {{circa}} {{death year and age|1904|1830}} | death_place = Maçka Palace, Maçka, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | burial_place= Mihrişah Sultan Mausoleum, Eyüp, Istanbul | consort = yes | spouse = Abdulmejid I | issue = Adoptive children: Abdul Hamid II Cemile Sultan | full name = | father = Gök Gogen | mother = | religion = Sunni Islam }} Perestu Kadın{{sfn|Uluçay|2011|p=206}} ({{lang-ota|پرستو قادین}}; {{circa}} 1830 – {{circa}} 1904) was the eighth wife of Sultan Abdulmejid I of the Ottoman Empire. In 1876, she was given the title and position of Valide sultan when Abdul Hamid II ascended the throne in 1876 making her the last Valide Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. Early lifePerestu Kadın was born in 1830{{sfn|Sakaoğlu|2008|p=585}} in Sochi, Abkhazia. Born as Rahime Gogen,{{sfn|Açba|2007|p=46}} she was a member of Ubykh noble family,{{sfn|Uluçay|2011|p=207}} Gogen. She had three brothers, Mustafa Bey, Hüseyin Bey, and Hasan Bey, and two sisters, Gülcemal Hanım,{{sfn|Açba|2007|p=46}} and Mihrifidan Hanım (died 1865).{{sfn|Sakaoğlu|2008|p=586}} Esma Sultan, the daughter of Sultan Abdul Hamid I lived in luxury in her magnificent villa in Istanbul, but still her life passed in sadness because she could not have the one thing she wished for most; a child. At length she decided to adopt a child. After reaching satisfactory terms with the mother and father, she adopted Rahime, one year of age.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=130}}{{sfn|Sakaoğlu|2008|p=586}} Rahime was particularly diminutive, delicate and graceful, so she renamed her Perestu, the Persian word for swallow.{{sfn|Sakaoğlu|2008|p=586}} All the kalfas in Esma Sultan's villa behaved toward this child as though she were a daughter of an Ottoman imperial princess, and indeed her disposition and manners were so lovely that they became devoted to her.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=130}} MarriageOne spring day Abdulmejid came to visit his aunt and was passing through the harem gardens when he saw Perestu, then fourteen years old. He asked his aunt to give her hand in marriage to him. Firstly, Esma Sultan refused to give Perestu's hand in marriage to Abdulmejid but finally she was consented on the condition that the Sultan would legally marry her and not consider her as a concubine , which he did. The marriage took place in 1844 in Esma Sultan's Palace. One week after that, she was sent off to Topkapı Palace.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=131-2}} She was given the title of "Baş Ikbal".[1] In 1845, she was given the title of Altıncı Kadın, in 1851, she was given the title of "Beşinci Kadın", and in 1852, she was given the title of "Dördüncü Kadın".{{sfn|Uluçay|2011|p=207}} Perestu had no children of her own. In 1845, when Cemile Sultan's mother Düzdidil Kadın died leaving her motherless at the age of two. Abdulmejid took her to Perestu, and entrusted her into her care.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=131 4}} She also became the adoptive mother of Abdul Hamid II after the death of his own mother, Tirimüjgan Kadın in 1852. Thus, the two siblings grew up together in the same household and spent their childhoods with one another.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=131 4-5}} After Abdulmejid's death in 1861, she settled in her villa in Maçka, Nişantaşı, which had been a gift presented to her by Sultan Abdülaziz.[2] As Valide SultanAfter Abdul Hamid II ascended the throne in 1876, she was given the position of Valide Sultan by him, and headed the harem. Abdul Hamid told her categorically not to involve herself in politics.[3] Thus, unlike many of her predecessors, she was not active in politics.[4] Three days before Abdul Hamid became Sultan, he went to Perestu Kadın's villa, and it was from there that he proceeded to Topkapı Palace for the ceremony of homage at his accession. Perestu loved this house. Now and again she would want to go there, but because Abdul Hamid absolutely wanted her present in the palace he would withhold permission.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=129-30}} In 1885, during the visit of King Oscar II and Queen Sophia of Sweden to the Ottoman Empire, she received the Swedish queen, who was allowed to visit the Imperial harem.[5] The internal matters of the palace were in her charge. But she did not want to hurt anyone's feelings in the least, did not interfere in the matters, sought justice and equity, and because she was firmly religious she passed a good deal of time in prayers. She possessed good, high moral standards, which led her to help the poor and needy.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=129}} Abdul Hamid particularly wanted Perestu to attend the Royal Mosque Procession every Friday. Sometimes after the ceremony she would secretly slip out to her villa, but when Abdul Hamid learned of it, he immediately aided set off from the palace with a carriage and brought her back.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=130}} In 1891, Perestu commissioned a fountain (sebil) in Bala Tekkesi, Silivrikapı and another fountain (çeşme) in the same place in 1895.{{sfn|Uluçay|2011|p=208}} DeathPerestu died in 1904{{sfn|Sakaoğlu|2008|p=585}} in her villa located at Maçka, Istanbul. The traditional service at which the Prophet's Nativity Poem is recited was held in her memory at the Shaziliya Dervish Convent and at the Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque.{{sfn|Brookes|2010|p=130}} She lies at rest in the mausoleum of Mihrişah Valide Sultan in Eyüp, Istanbul.[6] Titles and honoursTitlesPerestu Kadın had the following titles:
Honours
In popular culturePerestu Kadın is a character in Tim Symonds' historical novel Sherlock Holmes and The Sword of Osman (2015).[7] In the 2017 TV series Abdülhamid, Perestu Kadın is portrayed by Turkish actress Şefika Ümit Tolun.[8] References1. ^{{cite book|first=Yılmaz|last=Öztuna|title=II. Abdülhamid: Zamanı ve Şahsiyeti|publisher=Ötüken Neşriyat A.Ş.|year=January 5, 2017|pages=|isbn=978-6-051-55537-9}} 2. ^{{cite book|first=Hıfzı|last=Topuz|title=Nişantaşı anıları|publisher=Heyamola Yayınları|year=2009|pages=24|isbn=978-6-054-30721-0}} 3. ^{{cite book|first=Kemal H.|last=Karpat|title =The Politicization of Islam: Reconstructing Identity, State, Faith, and Community in the Late Ottoman State|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=May 3, 2001|pages=|isbn=978-0-190-28576-0}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Fanny Davis|title=The Ottoman Lady: A Social History from 1718 to 1918|year=1986|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|page=6|isbn=978-0-313-24811-5}} 5. ^Anne-Marie Riiber (1959). Drottning Sophia. (Queen Sophia) Uppsala: J. A. Lindblads Förlag. ISBN page 219 6. ^{{cite book|first=Yavuz|last=Bahdıroğlu|title=Osmanlı'da Şehzade Katli|publisher=Nesil Basım Yayın Gıda Ticaret ve Sanayi A.Ş|year=May 1, 2014|pages=|isbn=978-6-051-62218-7}} 7. ^{{cite book|first=Tim|last=Symonds|title=Sherlock Holmes and The Sword of Osman|publisher=Andrews UK Limited|date=October 14, 2015|pages=|isbn=978-1-780-92756-5}} 8. ^{{Citation|title=Payitaht Abdülhamid - Rahime Perestu Valide Sultan - Şefika Ümit Tolun Kimdir (Gerçek İsmi, Rolü, Öldü mü, Ayrıldı mı)|url=https://www.dizisi.info.tr/mob/payitaht-abdulhamid/oyunculari/sefika-umit-tolun-rahime-perestu-valide-sultan-32818/|accessdate=2018-12-30}} Sources
Further reading
External links
11 : 19th-century births|1904 deaths|Valide sultan|Ubykh people|People of the Ottoman Empire of Circassian descent|Queen mothers|People from Sochi|Circassian nobility|People of the Ottoman Empire of Russian descent|Wives of Ottoman Sultans|Abdul Hamid II |
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