| 词条 | PERISCOP |
| 释义 |
The PERISCOP is a pressurized recovery device designed for retrieving deep-sea marine life at depths exceeding 2,000 metres.[1]{{rp|881}} The device was designed by Bruce Shillito and Gerard Hamel at the Universite Pierre et Marie Curie.[2] The name is an acronym for the French phrase Projet d’Enceinte de Remontée Isobare Servant la Capture d’Organismes Profonds ("Enclosure project for isobaric ascent serving to capture deep organisms").[1] HistoryThe PERISCOP is a unique pressurized recovery devices that contains three chambers – one for capture, one for recovery under exterior pressure, and one for transfer to the laboratory while maintaining pressure. Previous recovery devices used one chamber for all purposes.[1]{{rp|882}} An arm designed to capture samples by force of suction is attached to the device.[2] During ascent, pressure is maintained within the chamber by use of pressurized water.[1]{{rp|883}} Upon surfacing, samples can be observed, filmed, and/or photographed through transparent view ports in the device.[1]{{rp|884}} Due to fluctuations in atmospheric pressure and temperature recorded pressures during ascent and at the surface may ranged from 74%-111% of the natural pressure at sea depth.[1]{{rp|884}} The device set a record for the deepest live-fish capture under pressure when it captured a Pachycara at 2,300 m.[1]{{rp|887}} The previous record was 1,400 m.[2] The capture was the first to be performed at a hydrothermal vent.[1]{{rp|886}}[2] The device has also recovered several shrimp species (Mirocaris fortunata, Chorocaris chacei, and Rimicaris exoculata) at vent fields Lucky Strike and Rainbow.[2][2] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite journal|last=Shillito |first=B |author2=Hamel |author3=Duchi |author4=Cottin |author5=Sarrazin |author6=Sarradin |author7=Ravaux |author8=Gaill |title=Live capture of megafauna from 2300m depth, using a newly designed Pressurized Recovery Device|journal=Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers|date=1 July 2008|volume=55|issue=7|pages=881–889|doi=10.1016/j.dsr.2008.03.010|url=http://www.ifremer.fr/momarsat2010/biblio/Shillitoetal_2008.pdf|accessdate=18 February 2011}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|last=Lever|first=Anna-Marie|title=Live fish caught at record depth|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7525552.stm|accessdate=18 February 2011|newspaper=BBC News|date=31 July 2008}} 4 : Deep sea fish|Marine organisms|Oceanography|Research methods |
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