| 词条 | Peter Carmichael |
| 释义 |
|name= Peter Carmichael |image= |image_size= |alt= |caption= |nickname= "Hoagy" |birth_date= {{birth date|1923|8|11|df=y}} |birth_place= Hull |death_date= {{death date and age|1997|7|25|1923|8|11|df=y}} |death_place= Holyhead |placeofburial= |allegiance= United Kingdom |branch= Royal Navy |serviceyears= 1942–1984 |rank= Commander |unit= |commands= 806 Naval Air Squadron |battles= Second World War Korean War |awards= Officer of the Order of the British Empire Distinguished Service Cross |relations= |laterwork= Sea Cadets Unit Holyhead }}Commander Peter Carmichael, {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100|sep=,|OBE|DSC}} (11 August 1923 – 25 July 1997), nicknamed "Hoagy", was a combat pilot with the Royal Navy during and after the Second World War. Later, he became famous during the Korean War for shooting down a jet-engined MiG-15 while flying a piston-engined Hawker Sea Fury, the only recorded victory of a British piston-engined aircraft over a jet fighter during the Korean War.[1][2] Early life and careerCarmichael was born on 11 August 1923[3] and attended Worksop College a Public School in North Nottinghamshire. Carmichael was a renowned schoolboy rugby player and played for both the Rest of England versus Home Counties (where he scored three tries)[4] and the North of England Public Schools in 1941. After leaving school he joined the Royal Navy in 1942 and undertook pilot training in the United States and South Africa, before flying Supermarine Seafires and Chance-Vought F4U Corsairs during the final days of the Second World War. After the war, Carmichael flew the Blackburn Firebrand, before converting to the Hawker Sea Fury in June 1948.[5] Korean WarIn November 1951 Carmichael, along with the rest of 802 Squadron, received notification that the squadron would deployed to Korea in early 1952, starting with a short voyage to Malta aboard HMS Theseus. This was followed by a two-month break for an intensive work-up at RNAS Hal Far, before the squadron sailed to Korea aboard HMS Ocean in April, with a four-day stop over in Hong Kong to receive additional aircraft and pilots.[6] MiG killOn 9 August 1952 Carmichael, flying his regular Sea Fury (WJ232), was leading a four aircraft formation to attack railway facilities between Manchon and Pyongyang when, in the vicinity of Chinnampo, his Number 2, Sub-Lieutenant Carl Haines, gave a radio warning of MiGs diving towards the Sea Furys from behind and the right. As Carmichael later stated: Eight MiGs came at us out of the sun. I did not see them at first, and my No. 4, 'Smoo' Ellis, gave a break when he noticed tracer streaming past his fuselage. Although some sources claim a second MiG-15 was downed by the British pilots, most accounts do not mention this.[8] Regardless, this incident was the only successful air-to-air engagement by a British pilot in a British aircraft during the Korean War.[9] However, Royal Air Force pilots flying on exchange with the USAF did claim at least seven kills during the course of the conflict.[10] He was subsequently awarded the Distinguished Service Cross in 1953.[11] Later serviceBy 1960, Carmichael was Commanding Officer of Lossiemouth based 806 Naval Air Squadron, the last Royal Navy unit flying Hawker Sea Hawks.[12] He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1968 New Year Honours,[13] and later went on to serve as Commanding Officer of T.S. Prince of Wales, Holyhead Sea Cadets until his retirement in 1984.{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}} Carmichael died on 25 July 1997.{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}} Notes1. ^Dorr, Lake & Thompson (1995), p. 96. 2. ^Dorr & Thompson (2003), p. 109. 3. ^Take Off magazine, Part 84, p. 2336. 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.simonlangley.co.uk/worksop-college-rugby-1941-1942/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-03-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320121225/http://blog.simonlangley.co.uk/worksop-college-rugby-1941-1942/ |archivedate=20 March 2011 |df=dmy-all }} 5. ^Take Off magazine, Part 84, p. 2333. 6. ^Take Off magazine, Part 84, p. 2334. 7. ^Take Off magazine, Part 84, pp. 2338–2339. 8. ^{{Cite web|last=|first=|authorlink=|title=UN Air-to-Air Victories during the Korean War, 1950–1953|work=Air Combat Information Group Journal|publisher=|url=http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_306.shtml |doi=|accessdate=9 March 2007}} 9. ^{{Cite web|last=Goebel|first=Greg|authorlink=|title=The Hawker Typhoon, Tempest, & Sea Fury|work=|publisher=Air Vectors|url=http://www.vectorsite.net/avcfury.html|doi=|accessdate=7 April 2006}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/milestones-of-flight/british_military/1952.cfm|title=RAF Museum British Military Aviation in 1952|publisher=RAF Museum.org|accessdate=22 May 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101206181148/http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/milestones-of-flight/british_military/1952.cfm|archivedate=6 December 2010|df=dmy-all}} 11. ^{{London Gazette|issue=39854|supp=y|page=2765|date=15 May 1953}} 12. ^Take Off magazine, Part 130, p. 3621. 13. ^{{London Gazette|issue=44484|date=1 January 1968|page=6|supp=y}} References
9 : 1923 births|1997 deaths|Fleet Air Arm aviators|Officers of the Order of the British Empire|People educated at Worksop College|Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|Royal Navy officers|Royal Navy personnel of the Korean War|Royal Navy personnel of World War II |
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