词条 | Petr Nečas |
释义 |
|name = Petr Nečas |image = Necas in Latvia (cropped).jpg |office = 9th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic |president = Václav Klaus Miloš Zeman |term_start = 28 June 2010 |term_end = 10 July 2013 |predecessor = Jan Fischer |successor = Jiří Rusnok |office1 = Leader of the Civic Democratic Party |term_start1 = 20 April 2010 |term_end1 = 17 June 2013 |predecessor1 = Mirek Topolánek |successor1 = Petr Fiala |office2 = Minister of Defence {{small|Acting}} |primeminister2 = Petr Nečas |term_start2 = 21 December 2012 |term_end2 = 19 March 2013 |predecessor2 = Karolína Peake |successor2 = Vlastimil Picek |office3 = Minister of Labour and Social Affairs |primeminister3 = Mirek Topolánek |term_start3 = 4 September 2006 |term_end3 = 8 May 2009 |predecessor3 = Zdeněk Škromach |successor3 = Petr Šimerka |office4 = Member of the Chamber of Deputies |term_start4 = 1 January 1993 |term_end4 = 28 August 2013 |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1964|11|19|df=y}} |birth_place = Uherské Hradiště, Czechoslovakia {{small|(now Czech Republic)}} |death_date = |death_place = |party = Civic Democratic Party |alma_mater = Jan Evangelista Purkyně University (now Masaryk University) |spouse = Radka Nečasová {{small| (1984–2013)}} Jana Nečasová {{small|(2013–present)}} |children =4 |signature = Petr Nečas Signature.svg |website = Official website }} Petr Nečas (born 19 November 1964; {{IPA-cs|ˈpɛtr̩ ˈnɛtʃas}}) is a Czech former politician who served as 9th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic and Leader of the Civic Democratic Party from 2010 to 2013, and as Member of the Chamber of Deputies (MP) from 1993 to 2013. Born in Uherské Hradiště, Nečas earned a doctor of natural sciences degree in physics at Masaryk University in Brno. In 1991, he was one of the co-founders of the Civic Democratic Party (ODS). Becoming an MP in 1993, he served as a member of the Foreign Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and three years later he became Chairman of the Committee on Security. In 2006 Nečas was appointed as Minister of Labour and Social Affairs under the leadership of Prime Minister Mirek Topolánek. In the Chamber of Deputies, he was given the nickname Fidel by the communist MPs due to his long filibustering speeches.[1] The 2010 legislative election led to Nečas becoming Prime Minister as the head of a coalition government with TOP 09 and Public Affairs (VV) (later replaced by Liberal Democrats). His premiership was marked by the ongoing effects of the late-2000s financial crisis; these involved a large deficit in government finances that his government sought to reduce through austerity measures. The cabinet led by Nečas pushed through laws on the restitution of the properties of the Christian churches, pensionary reform and reform of the colleges; all of these were deeply unpopular and were much criticized. Nečas resigned on 17{{nbsp}}June 2013, in the aftermath of a police investigation in which his chief of staff Jana Nagyová (now {{ill|Jana Nečasová|cs}}), who was also his mistress, was arrested. His resignation opened the way to the 2013 snap election, where his party ODS was marginalized to only 16 seats, the lowest in its history, and sent into opposition. He has been praised for the savings made to rein in the Czech Republic's national debt. His critics often accuse him of corruption and criticise his inability to solve healthcare issues.[2] Private life and educationNečas was born in Uherské Hradiště, Czech Republic, on 19{{nbsp}}November 1964.[3] He attended gymnasium in Uherské Hradiště from 1979 to 1983. He graduated from the Faculty of Science at the University of J.E. Purkyně in Brno in 1988.[3] Nečas met his future wife, Radka Nečasová, at school when he was{{nbsp}}18. In 2013, he filed for divorce and not long after married his former chief of staff, Jana Nagyová. CareerPeter Nečas studied plasma physics. Before he was elected to the Czech Parliament he worked as a research and development engineer in the semiconductor industry, dealing with plasma processes. From 1988 to 1992, he worked as developer for Tesla Rožnov. He became a member of the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) in 1991 and was named deputy defence minister in 1995. One year later he was elected a member of the Chamber of Deputies. From 4 September 2006 to 8 May 2009 Nečas was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Labour and Social Affairs. In March 2010, he replaced Mirek Topolánek as leader of the party. The Civic Democratic Party came second in the 2010 Czech legislative election and shortly after Nečas announced his intention to stand for the post of party chairman.[4][5] In 2011 Nečas supported European organizations signing an agreement on the establishment of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience for studies on the totalitarian past. On this occasion, Nečas highlighted that all four countries of the Visegrad Group have gone through two totalitarian regimes in their modern history. “This must not be forgotten, because it was a period of fighting for freedom,” he said, adding: “Our nations deserve the truth about their past and I believe that the establishment of this Platform will help to find the truth about this history.” In 2012 as Prime Minister Petr Nečas urged all Czechs to avoid drinking "any alcohol whose origin is uncertain" due to a fatal methanol poisoning affair in the Czech Republic which caused more than 40 casualties, including several cases of people being blinded. In 2013 Nečas supported Israel with the Czech Republic's vote at the United Nations.[6] Due to an historical affinity, Nečas claimed, "We've got a special feeling for Israel's situation—that of a small nation surrounded by enemies."[7] In June 2013, the Police Unit for Combating Organized Crime and the Chief Public Prosecutor's Office in Olomouc organized a raid against organized crime. It involved several high-ranking state officials and politicians, including Jana Nagyova, the then chief of staff of Prime Minister Nečas. Initially Nečas refused to resign but he finally did so on 17 June.[8][9] In February 2014, the police charged him with bribery.[10] Nečas left politics in 2013. He started to work for SPGroup. He also became a tutor at CEVRO Institute.[11] In June 2017, Nečas became an adviser to Pavel Sehnal, leader of the newly established Civic Democratic Alliance.[12] Sehnal stated that the party would stand Nečas in elections if he didn't have to face charges from the time of his premiership.[13] See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.tyden.cz/rubriky/domaci/politika/politicka-pavlac/obstrukce-ve-snemovne-stokrat-jinak-ods-boduje_157791.html|title=Obstrukce ve sněmovně stokrát jinak. ODS boduje|date=5 February 2010|language=Czech|accessdate=5 August 2016}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.tyden.cz/rubriky/domaci/politika/necasova-vlada-skoncila-jak-ji-hodnotit_276160.html|title=Nečasova vláda skončila. Jak ji hodnotit?|date=10 July 2013|language=Czech|accessdate=5 August 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Dr. Petr Nečas|url=http://www.vlada.cz/en/clenove-vlady/premier/zivotopis/rndr--petr-necas-74268/|publisher=Government|accessdate=17 June 2013}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://zpravy.idnes.cz/sobotka-ma-zajem-uchazet-se-o-post-radneho-predsedy-cssd-p21-/domaci.asp?c=A100530_104504_domaci_kop|title=Nečas a Sobotka den po volbách řekli, že budou kandidovat na šéfy stran – iDNES.cz|last=Kopecký|first=Josef|date=30 May 2010|publisher=iDnes|language=Czech|accessdate=30 May 2010}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.ceskenoviny.cz/news/zpravy/czech-ods-leader-necas-wants-to-be-prime-minister/484300|title=Czech ODS leader Necas wants to be Prime Minister|date=30 May 2010|work=České Noviny (Czech Press Agency)|accessdate=30 May 2010}} 6. ^{{cite web|author=Cnaan Liphshiz |url=http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/Czech-PM-to-Post-Well-support-Israel-in-EU |title=Czech PM to ‘Post’: We’ll support Israel in EU |publisher=The Jerusalem Post |date=18 May 2012 |accessdate=4 June 2013}} 7. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.ceskenoviny.cz/news/zpravy/klaus-names-necas-new-czech-prime-minister/497007|title=Klaus names Necas new Czech prime minister|date=28 June 2010|work=České Noviny (Czech Press Agency)|accessdate=3 July 2010}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://zpravy.idnes.cz/necas-podal-demisi-03l-/domaci.aspx?c=A130617_164233_domaci_jj|title=Nečas už není premiér, na Hradě předal Zemanovi demisi|publisher=idnes.cz|date=17 June 2013|accessdate=17 June 2013|language=Czech}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://zpravy.idnes.cz/vyjadreni-premiera-necase-ve-snemovne-policejni-razie-pp6-/domaci.aspx?c=A130614_114147_domaci_jj|title=Nečas odsoudil postup policie, trafiky považuje za politickou dohodu|last=Jiřička|first=Jan|date=14 June 2013|work=Mladá fronta DNES|language=Czech|accessdate=14 June 2013}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://zpravy.idnes.cz/policiste-zacali-stihat-expremiera-necase-fi9-/domaci.aspx?c=A140211_192727_domaci_hv|title=Policie obvinila expremiéra Neèase z podplácení bývalých poslancù ODS|author=Hana Válková|date=11 February 2014|work=iDNES.cz}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Zeman vezme Nečase do Číny jako podnikatele|url=http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/350682-zeman-vezme-necase-do-ciny-jako-podnikatele.html|website=Novinky.cz|accessdate=2 January 2018|language=cs-CZ}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Vyrazíte ho dveřmi, vleze oknem. Expremiér Nečas, ten strážce konzervativních hodnot, co utekl se sekretářkou, už je zpátky v politice|url=https://www.krajskelisty.cz/praha/16808-vyrazite-ho-dvermi-vleze-oknem-expremier-necas-ten-strazce-konzervativnich-hodnot-co-utekl-se-sekretarkou-uz-je-zpatky-v-politice.htm|website=www.krajskelisty.cz|accessdate=2 January 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Šéf ODA Sehnal: Moc rád bych získal Nečase. Jeho rady pomohly, ale s kauzami by nám neprospěl|url=http://www.info.cz/volby/volby-2017/sef-oda-sehnal-moc-rad-bych-ziskal-necase-jeho-rady-pomohly-ale-s-kauzami-by-nam-neprospel-13110.html|website=Info.cz|accessdate=2 January 2018|language=cs}} External links{{Commons category-inline}}{{s-start}}{{s-ppo}}{{s-bef|before=Mirek Topolánek}}{{s-ttl|title=Leader of the Civic Democratic Party|years=2010–2013}}{{s-aft|after=Martin Kuba}}|-{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=Jan Fischer}}{{s-ttl|title=Prime Minister of the Czech Republic|years=2010–2013}}{{s-aft|after=Jiří Rusnok}}{{s-end}}{{CZ-D-ministers}}{{CZ-LSA-ministers}}{{CzechPMs}}{{ODS-chairman}}{{Civic Democratic Party (ODS)|state=collapsed}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Necas, Petr}} 14 : Petr Nečas|1964 births|Leaders of the Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic)|Czech Roman Catholics|Government ministers of the Czech Republic|Living people|Members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic|People from Uherské Hradiště|Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic|Masaryk University alumni|Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic) MPs|Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic) Prime Ministers|Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic) Government ministers|Defence ministers of the Czech Republic |
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