“Philotimus”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Philotimus ({{lang-el|Φιλότιμος}}) (4th and 3rd centuries BC) was an eminent Greek physician, a pupil of Praxagoras,^[1] and a fellow pupil of Herophilus.^[2] He was also a contemporary of Erasistratus,^[3] and is quoted by Heraclides of Tarentum,^[4] and therefore must have lived in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. Celsus mentions him as one of the eminent physicians of antiquity;^[5] and he is quoted by several of the ancient medical writers, viz. Caelius Aurelianus,^[6] Oribasius,^[7] Aëtius,^[8] and very frequently by Galen.

He belonged to the Logical or Dogmatic school,^[9] and wrote several medical works, of which only a few fragments remain. Athenaeus quotes a work on Cookery,^[10] and another on Food, consisting of at least thirteen books;^[11] this later work is several times quoted by Galen.^[12] In an anatomical treatise, he pronounced the brain and the heart to be useless organs,^[13] and the former to be merely an excessive development and offshoot of the spinal marrow.^[14] Philotimus is quoted in various other parts of Galen's writings, and Plutarch relates an anecdote of him.^[15] He is also quoted by the scholiast on Homer.^[16]

Notes

1. ^Galen, De Aliment. Facult., i. 12, vol. vi
2. ^Galen, De Meth. Med., i. 3, vol. x
3. ^Galen, Comment in Hippocr. Aphor., vi. 1, vol. xviii. pt. i
4. ^ap. Galen, Comment in Hippocr. De Artic., iv. 40, vol. xviii. pt. i
5. ^Celsus, De Medic., viii. 20
6. ^Caelius Aurelianus, De Morb. Acut., ii. 16; De Morb. Chron., i. 4
7. ^Oribasius, Med. Coll., ii. 69, iv. 10, v. 32
8. ^Aëtius, iii. 3, 12
9. ^Galen, De Ven. Sect. adv. Erasistr., cc. 5, 6, vol. xi.
10. ^Athenaeus, vii. 81, p. 308
11. ^Athenaeus, iii. 20, 24, pp. 81, 82
12. ^Galen, De Aliment. Facult., i. 11, iii. 30, 31, vol. vi
13. ^Galen, De Usu Part., viii. 3, vol. iii.
14. ^Galen, De Usu Part., c. 12
15. ^Plutarch, De Recta Rat. Aud. c. 10; De Adulat. et Amico, c. 35
16. ^Λ 424