| 词条 | Lublin R-VIII | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Lublin R-VIII was a Polish bomber, reconnaissance aircraft and seaplane designed in the late 1920s by the Plage i Laśkiewicz factory in Lublin. It was the first in-house design of Plage i Laśkiewicz, and the first with the name Lublin. DevelopmentThe aircraft was designed in answer to a request of the Polish Air Force for a heavy single-engine reconnaissance and bomber airplane. Work started in 1926. The main designer was Jerzy Rudlicki (the letter "R" in the designation for his name). The prototype R-VIII was flown in March, 1928. It was fitted with a {{convert|550|hp|abbr=on}} Farman 12We W-engine, but in tests proved to be underpowered. In July 1928 the second prototype was completed with a more powerful {{convert|740|hp|abbr=on}} Lorraine-Dietrich 18Kd engine. In August 1928 it flew in the Aviation Contest of the Little Entente and Poland. It achieved the best result in trials of carrying a payload (1024 kg to an altitude of 5000 m). In 1929, the Polish Aviation Department of War Ministry ordered four aircraft with the designation R-VIIIa. They were built in early 1930. One was fitted with a Lorraine-Dietrich engine, the rest with the {{convert|760|hp|abbr=on}} Hispano-Suiza 12Lb. More were not ordered, as the aircraft had good performance when carrying only a limited payload and fuel reserve (which limited its range), when it carried more bombs, or maximum fuel load, its performance was poor. The prototypes and serial production aircraft were used by the Polish Air Force only for a short time. In August–September 1930, three R-VIIIa flew in the Aviation Contest of the Little Entente and Poland, taking a mediocre 7th and 9th places. In service, both Lorraine-Dietrich-powered aircraft crashed - in 1930 and 1931. In 1932, the existing R-VIIIs were converted to floatplanes for the Polish Navy. The first prototype was fitted with Lorraine-Dietrich engine and was designated R-VIII bis (Aircraft number 801). Two planes with Hispano-Suiza engines were designated R-VIII ter (numbers 802 and 803). The fourth aircraft was broken into spare parts. The maximum speed of the floatplane variant was lowered to 200 km/h. They were also called R-VIII/hydro. A six-seat passenger plane, the R-IX, was developed in 1929, based on the R-VIII, but it remained a prototype. Operational serviceThe R-VIII floatplanes were used by the Polish Naval Aviation Squadron (MDLot) in Puck from 1933, in a long reconnaissance escadre. From 1938, they were assigned to training, and were scheduled for withdrawal from service. They survived until the Invasion of Poland in 1939, but the R-VIII bis had its engine removed by then. After the first German air raid on naval aviation base in Puck on September 1, all floatplanes were evacuated from Puck to the Hel Peninsula (the bulk were Lublin R-XIIIs). Since R-VIIIs were quite obsolete by then, they were not used in combat. They were anchored on Puck Bay by Chalupy on Hel Peninsula, near the base of the peninsula, where they were bombed by Stukas on September 8. DescriptionWooden construction biplane, conventional in layout. A fuselage was rectangular in cross-section, plywood covered. Wings canvas and plywood covered, upper wing of greater span. Crew of two, sitting in tandem in an open cockpit, with twin controls (three crewmen could be carried as well, with radio operator). Conventional fixed landing gear, with a rear skid, or two Short floats. The pilot had one fixed 7.7 mm Vickers machine gun with an interrupter gear, the observer had twin 7.7 mm Lewis machine guns on a ring mounting. Bomb load: in bomber variant up to 1000 kg, in seaplane variant - 300 kg. The plane was fitted with a camera. Engine:
Two-blade propeller, 4.4 m diameter. Fuel tank 1200 l in the fuselage, which could be dumped in case of fire. There could be mounted an additional fuel tank, increasing the range to 1720 km, though this reduced the bomb load. Operators
Specifications (R-VIIIa, Lorraine-Dietrich){{aircraft specifications||plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |crew=2, pilot and observer |capacity= |length main= 11.12 m |length alt=36 ft 6 in |span main=17 m |span alt=55 ft 9 in |height main=4.5 m |height alt= 14 ft 9 in |area main=76.4 m² |area alt= 822 ft² |airfoil= |empty weight main= 2457 kg |empty weight alt= 5,405 lb |loaded weight main= 3500 kg |loaded weight alt=7,700 lb |useful load main= 1043-1843 kg |useful load alt= 2,294-4,054 lb |max takeoff weight main= 4300 kg |max takeoff weight alt=9,460 lb |engine (prop)=Lorraine-Dietrich 18Kd |type of prop= water-cooled 18-cylinder inline W engine |number of props=1 |power main= 740 hp / 650 hp nominal power |power alt= 552 / 484 kW |max speed main=225 km/h |max speed alt= 138 mph |cruise speed main= 200 km/h |cruise speed alt= 123 mph |stall speed main= 85 km/h |stall speed alt= 52 mph |range main=600-1720 km |range alt= 370-1061 mi |ceiling main=5770 m |ceiling alt=18,925 ft |climb rate main= 5.25 m/s |climb rate alt= 1,033 ft/min |loading main= 45.8 kg/m² |loading alt= 9.36 lb/ft² |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |armament=
}} See also{{aircontent||related= |similar aircraft=
|lists= |see also= }} References
External links{{commons category|Lublin R-VIII}}
7 : Polish bomber aircraft 1920–1929|Polish military reconnaissance aircraft 1920–1929|World War II Polish aircraft|Lublin aircraft|Biplanes|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1928 |
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