| 词条 | Pine Brook Country Club |
| 释义 |
Pine Brook Country Club began when Benjamin Plotkin purchased Pinewood Lake and the surrounding countryside on Mischa Hill in the historic village of Nichols, Connecticut. Plotkin built an auditorium with a revolving stage and forty rustic cabins and incorporated as the Pine Brook Country Club in 1930.[1] Plotkin's dream was to market the rural lakeside club as a summer resort for people to stay and enjoy theatrical productions. The Club remained in existence until major fighting broke out in Europe in the mid-1940s and was reorganized as a private lake association in 1944.
Pine Brook is best known for having been the 1936 summer rehearsal headquarters of the most important experiment in the history of American theatre.[2]The Group Theatre (New York) was formed in New York City in 1931 by Harold Clurman, Cheryl Crawford and Lee Strasberg and was made up of actors, directors, playwrights and producers.[3][4][5] During this summer the artists "s[a]ng for their supper" while taking classes, attempting to reorganize their structure, and beginning rehearsals on Johnny Johnston, their next Broadway production.[6]
Including and in addition to the Group Theatre, some of the artists who are known to have spent the summer at Pine Brook at one time or another were: Stella Adler, Leonard Bernstein, Marc Blitzstein, Roman Bohnen, Phoebe Brand, Morris Carnovsky, Carol Channing, Montgomery Clift, Lee J. Cobb, Imogene Coca, Betty Comden, Howard Da Silva, Frances Farmer, John Garfield, Betty Garrett, Michael Gordon (film director), Will Geer, Adolph Green, Paul Green (playwright), Judy Holliday, Lena Horne, Elia Kazan, Arthur Laurents, Canada Lee, Lotte Lenya, Robert Lewis (actor), Sanford Meisner, Harry Morgan, Clifford Odets, Luise Rainer, John Randolph (actor), Jerome Robbins, Irwin Shaw, Anna Sokolow, Ralph Steiner, Paul Strand, Franchot Tone, Nancy Walker and Kurt Weill.[7][8][9][10][11]
During the summer of 1936, Paul Green, Cheryl Crawford, Kurt Weill and Weill's wife Lotte Lenya rented an old house at 277 Trumbull Avenue located two miles from Pine Brook in Bridgeport, Connecticut. It was here that Green and Weill wrote the screenplay and music for the controversial Broadway play Johnny Johnson (musical), which was titled after the most frequently occurring name on the American casualty list of World War I. It was also during this time that Lotte Lenya had her first American love affair with Paul Green. [12] [13]
In 1944 Pine Brook went into receivership and was sold, reorganized and chartered as the Pinewood Lake Association, a private lake association.[14] Notes1. ^ Images of America, Trumbull Historical Society, 1997, p. 122 {{Connecticut}}{{Fairfield County, Connecticut}}2. ^Clurman, Harold. The Fervent Years. New York: Hill and Wang, 1945. 1968 ed., p.36 p. 172 3. ^Elia Kazan:A Life, Elia Kazan, Da Capo Press, 1997, p. 152 [https://books.google.com/books?id=R7wKgsVUDUYC&lpg=PT1618&dq=elia%20kazan%20pine%20brook&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=elia%20kazan%20pine%20brook&f=false] 4. ^The Fervent Years: The Story of the Group Theatre and the Thirties, 1975, p. 184 5. ^A Gambler's Instinct: The Story of Broadway Producer Cheryl Crawford, p. 52 6. ^Smith, pp. 264-65. 7. ^Pinewood Lake website retrieved on 2010-09-10 8. ^Kurt Weill: An Illustrated Life, p. 345 9. ^Clifford Odets: American Playwright: The Years from 1906 to 1940, p. 410 10. ^Real Life Drama: The Group Theatre and America, 1931-1940, p. 212 11. ^Paul Green, Playwright of the real South, p. 162 12. ^Speak Low (when you speak of love): The Letters of Kurt Weill and Lotte Lenya 13. ^A Southern Life: Letters of Paul Green, 1916-1981, p. 258 14. ^ Images of America, Trumbull Historical Society, 1997, p. 123 3 : Trumbull, Connecticut|Buildings and structures in Fairfield County, Connecticut|History of theatre |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。