| 词条 | Ludza | |||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Ludza | settlement_type = Town | image_shield = Escut Ludza.png | shield_size = | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_skyline = Ludza 2012. gads.jpg | imagesize = 280px | image_caption = Ludza skyline | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Latvia}} | subdivision_type1 = | subdivision_name1 = | established_title = Town rights | established_date = 1777 | pushpin_map = Latvia | pushpin_label_position = above | pushpin_mapsize = 300 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Latvia | coordinates = {{coord|56|33|N|27|43|E|region:LV_type:city|display=inline,title}} | nickname = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Alīna Gendele | blank_name_sec1 = Number of Municipality council members | blank_info_sec1 = 15 | area_total_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | area_metro_km2 = | elevation_m = | population_as_of = 2011 | population_total = 8931 | population_metro = | population_density_km2 = | population_density_metro_km2 = | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = LV-570(1-2) | area_code_type = Calling code | area_code = +371 657 | timezone1 = EET | utc_offset1 = +2 | timezone1_DST = EEST | utc_offset1_DST = +3 | website = ludza.lv }} Ludza ({{audio|Lv-Ludza.ogg|pronunciation}}; {{lang-pl|Lucyn}}, {{lang-de|Ludsen}}, {{lang-ru|Лудза}}, Ludza) is a town in the Latgale region of eastern Latvia. It is located on the main Riga - Moscow road, part of European route E22, and only 30 km from the Latvian-Russian border. The population as of 2011 was 8,931. HistoryLudza, the oldest town in Latvia, was first mentioned in Kievan Chronicle dating to 1173 or 1177. In 1399 the Livonian Order built a stone fortress atop an older Latgalian fortress and used Ludza as an eastern outpost in Livonia. Ludza Castle ruins can be visited nowadays. After the dissolution of the Livonian Order in 1561, Ludza was incorporated to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and became part of Wenden Voivodeship. After the first partition of Poland in 1772 was taken over by the Russian Empire and added to Vitebsk Governorate. Ludza received town rights in 1777 from Catherine II of Russia. The Jewish population was important in the town. On July 1941, the Germans occupied the town and kept the Jews prisoners in a ghetto. From July 1941 until the spring of 1942, hundreds of Jews are murdered in mass executions perpetrated by Einsatzgruppen. Until July 1, 2009, Ludza was the administrative centre of Ludza District. On July 1, 2009, due to the introduction of the new administrative division in Latvia it became the centre of Ludza municipality. TourismLudza Museum and Ludza Tourism Information Centre offer excursions around the town. The most visited sights are:
Several lakes offer fishing and water tourism possibilities. EducationThe children of Ludza may attend three pre-school educational institutions - "Rūķītis", "Pasaciņa" and "Namiņš". Elementary and secondary education curricula are provided by Ludza Gymnasium and Ludza Secondary School #2, as well as by Ludza Evening Secondary School. Additional out of school activities are offered at:
DemographicsAs of 2011, the town had a population of 8931, of which 5175 (57.9%) were ethnic Latvians, 3259 (36.5%) were ethnic Russians, 192 (2.1%) were Belarusians, 103 (1.2%) were Ukrainians, 84 (0.9%) were Poles, 23 (0.3%) were Lithuanians, and 95 (1.1%) belonging to other ethnic groups.[1] Notable people
Twinning and international cooperationLudza municipality has several cooperation partners abroad.
Ludza municipality takes part in the Euroregions Pskov, Livonija,[2] and Country of Lakes.[3] GallerySee also
References1. ^http://pop-stat.mashke.org/latvia-ethnic-comm2011.htm 2. ^Pskov, Livonija 3. ^Country of Lakes {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718215153/http://www.country-of-lakes.de/cgi-bin/cgi.pl?id=0&l=2 |date=2011-07-18 }} External links
6 : Ludza|Towns in Latvia|1777 establishments in Europe|Castles of the Teutonic Knights|Vitebsk Governorate|Holocaust locations in Latvia |
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