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词条 Ponnambalam–Coomaraswamy family
释义

  1. History

  2. Notable members of the family

  3. See also

  4. References

The Ponnambalam-Coomaraswamy family ({{Lang-ta|பொன்னம்பலம் குமாரசுவாமி குடும்பம்}}) is a Sri Lankan Tamil Hindu family that was prominent in politics in former Ceylon former name of Sri Lanka from colonial era to 1972.[1] Many members received imperial honours such as knighthood by the British Crown.[2]

History

The Ponnambalam-Coomaraswamy family are mainly from Manipay, Jaffna and were of the Sri Lankan Vellalar caste.[3][4] They have been politcaly active since 18th century, with many having posts such as Mudaliyars, a title for Ceylonese officials used under the Colony governments of Ceylon.[5]

Arumuganathapillai Coomaraswamy, one of the earliest known member of the family was a Gate Mudaliyar, second highest Mudaliyar position. Arumuganathapillai rendered service to the British under the Kandyan Wars, in their attempt to gain control over the Kandy Kingdom.[2]

The family have also made noteworthy contributions. Ponnambalam Ramanathan founded the Parameshwara College, which was later used by Sri Lankan government to establish the University of Jaffna.[6] Sri Ponnambalam Vaneswarar Temple located in Colombo is also credited to be founded by the family.[7] Sri Kurinji Easware temple is a temple located in Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu is credited to have been built by a European woman, Leelawathy Ramanathan, the wife of Ponnambalam Ramanathan.[8]

Furthermore have some of the family members contributed to literature. Ananda Coomaraswamy was a Metaphysist and Aesthetic, who widely contributed to bringing Indian art to the Western world and has contributed with many books on traditional Indian and Sinhalese art.[9][10]

Notable members of the family

  • Arumugampillai Coomaraswamy (1783-1836), Gate Mudaliyar, Member of Legislative Council
    • Sir Muthu Coomaraswamy CCS FRGS (1833-1879), Member of Legislative Council + Elizabeth Clay Beebe
    • Ananda Coomaraswamy (1877-1947)
    • Narada Coomaraswamy
    • Sellachchi Coomaraswamy + Arunachalam Ponnambalam (1814-1887), Mudaliyar of the Governor's Gate
    • P. Coomaraswamy (1849-1906), Member of Legislative Council
    • Sir Ponnambalam Ramanathan KCMG QC (1851-1930), Solicitor General of British Ceylon, Member of Legislative Council + Leelawathy Ramanathan (1870-1953)
    • Sivagamasundari + S. Natesan, Member of Parliament, Member of State Council, Senator
    • Sir Ponnambalam Arunachalam KCMG CCS (1853-1924), Member of Executive Council, Member of Legislative Council + Swarnambal Namasivayam
    • Arunachalam Padmanabha
    • Sir Arunachalam Mahadeva KCMG (1888-1969), Government Minister, Member of Legislative Council, Member of State Council, High Commissioner to India
    • Balakumar Baku Mahadeva
    • Kumar Mahadeva
    • Arunachalam Ramanathan
    • Pathmavathy Arunachalam + Sir S. Pararajasingam, Senator
    • Pararajasingham Nadesan
    • Lalithambikai (-2005) + M. Swaminathan
    • D. M. Swaminathan (1945-), Member of Parliament, Governor of Western Province

See also

  • List of political families in Sri Lanka

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.priu.gov.lk/Cons/1978Constitution/Chapter_01_Amd.html|title=The Constitution of Sri Lanka: Chapter I - The People, the State and Sovereignity|date=2014-05-31|access-date=2017-10-02|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531083515/http://www.priu.gov.lk/Cons/1978Constitution/Chapter_01_Amd.html|archivedate=2014-05-31|df=}}
2. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.no/books?id=W3aAB9IFVdkC&pg=PA43&dq=ponnambalam+coomaraswamy&hl=no&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiQ3JGt_dHWAhVlYJoKHaAuADkQ6AEIOzAD#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism: Its Origins and Development in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries|last=Wilson|first=A. Jeyaratnam|date=2000|publisher=UBC Press|isbn=9780774807593|language=en}}
3. ^http://noolaham.net/project/19/1810/1810.pdf
4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.no/books?id=Aob8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA168&dq=ponnambalam+coomaraswamy+manipay&hl=no&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjghJq0_NHWAhWHIJoKHSXzBbIQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=ponnambalam%20coomaraswamy%20manipay&f=false|title=The Rise of Tamil Separatism in Sri Lanka: From Communalism to Secession|last=Welhengama|first=Gnanapala|last2=Pillay|first2=Nirmala|date=2014-03-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135119713|language=en}}
5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.no/books?id=50igCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA64&dq=mudaliyar+sri+lanka&hl=no&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiexYaP_tHWAhXECpoKHQkqCbo4ChDoAQhMMAU#v=onepage&q=mudaliyar%20&f=false|title=Historical Dictionary of Sri Lanka|last=Peebles|first=Patrick|date=2015-10-22|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9781442255852|language=en}}
6. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.jfn.ac.lk/index.php/history/|title=History - University of Jaffna|work=University of Jaffna|access-date=2017-10-02|language=en-US}}
7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.no/books?id=JlFuAAAAMAAJ&q=Sri+Ponnambalam+Vaneswarar+Temple&dq=Sri+Ponnambalam+Vaneswarar+Temple&hl=no&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjvnMOx3dLWAhUsP5oKHTh-DbIQ6AEIJzAA|title=Founders of modern Ceylon (Sri Lanka): eminent Tamils|last=Muttucumaraswamy|first=V.|date=1973|publisher=Uma Siva Pathippakam|language=en}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/honouring-the-kurinji/article7167847.ece|title=Honouring the Kurinji|date=2015-05-04|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-10-02|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}
9. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20090201093042/http://mfa.org/collections/sub.asp?key=22&subkey=133 MFA: South Asian Art]. Archived from the original {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615042318/http://www.mfa.org/collections/sub.asp?key=22&subkey=133|date=15 June 2010}}
10. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.no/books?id=vC1qAj6RbRQC&pg=PA198&dq=ananda+coomaraswamy+sinhalese+art&hl=no&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI38S84tLWAhXpYZoKHYFwCToQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=ananda%20coomaraswamy%20sinhalese%20art&f=false|title=Journeys East: 20th Century Western Encounters with Eastern Religious Traditions|last=Oldmeadow|first=Harry|date=2004|publisher=World Wisdom, Inc|isbn=9780941532570|language=en}}

1 : Ponnambalam–Coomaraswamy family
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