| 词条 | Port Talbot, Ontario |
| 释义 |
As a result of invading American forces during the War of 1812, the community was burned in 1814 in a series of raids and was never rebuilt. The site was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1923.[3] HistoryTalbot had served under Lieutenant Governor, John Graves Simcoe, as personal secretary in 1793. On Talbot's behalf, Simcoe requested 2,000 hectares of land along the coastline of Lake Erie for the benefit of creating a settlement.[4] Talbot returned to Canada from England and in 1803, landed at the spot that would become Port Talbot and established the settlement that would be his home for the remainder of his life. Two years earlier, he had attempted to secure a settlement at either Kettle Creek (now Port Stanley) or Catfish Creek but his land grant was detained which prevented his ability to settle in such an area. Upon his arrival in Port Talbot, he is reported to have remarked "Here will I roost and will soon make the forest tremble under the wings of the flock I will invite by my warblings around me!" [5]Before long, he had erected a very functional log house on a hill facing the lake and with a view of the valley of Talbot Creek. At his own expense, he built the first water mill in the settlement at Talbot Creek and had it functioning by 1808. He provided the settlers to his community with seed for wheat, barley, peas and oats. In addition, to the standard grains, the settlers planted Indian corn.[5] Talbot was adept at finding individuals who had skill in infrastructure development. Roads were added to the new settlement by John Bostwick, starting with the Talbot Road in 1804. Bostwick was the son of the Reverend Gideon Bostwick, rector of the Barrington of Massachusetts. John was not a novice to road surveying, having apprenticed under the surveyor who had laid out Aldborough township. Later, John held the offices of high constable and sheriff of the London office and was the son-in-law of Joseph Ryerson.[5] James Witton was contracted to build log houses and Mahlon Burwell constructed a bridge over Talbot Creek.[6] War of 1812Intending to protect his settlers, Talbot, deputized by Colonel Brock in 1812 and given charge of the Middlesex Militia,[7] built a fort to protect against invasion via Lake Erie on Mount Pisgah and another that was more land-based.[6] During the War of 1812, several former settlers of Talbot's settlement had defected to the American side. These men included Andrew Westbrook, Simon Zelotes Watson, Daniel Norton, Samuel Doyle, and James Pelton; of whom, Westbrook and Watson were the most venomous in their contempt for Talbot. Watson had interest in becoming a partner with Talbot who rejected him out of hand.[7] Craving vengeance against his strict control over the settlers, they wanted to capture Talbot and take him prisoner. In 1814, they conducted several raids across Lake Erie attacking Port Dover and other locations.[8] As part of a rampage of destruction, on May 19, 1814 a small raiding party, under the command of American Colonel John B. Campbell, attacked Port Talbot with the intent to destroy the port.[9] Five days earlier, the team under Campbell had attacked Port Dover, burning several flour mills, saw mills, distilleries and a significant number of houses, of which senior US officers were disgusted and the US Government later disavowed knowledge.[10] Other raids on Port Talbot were conducted in July, August and September of the same year. The attack on September 9 was responsible for burning the gristmill to the ground. They additionally torched a saw mill, several houses and barns, killing several of the animals contained within.[6] None of the American attackers were able to capture Talbot in the series of raids. They were, however, responsible for capturing Talbot's bridge builder, Mahlon Burwell and kept him imprisoned for six months in Chillicothe, Ohio.[11] The gristmill, destroyed in the raids, was never rebuilt which may have slowed the expanse of settlement from that point forward.[6] Present dayPort Talbot was geographically located at the mouth of Talbot Creek.[4] No remnants exist from the settlement and it is reported as being a location noted only on maps.[12] Notes1. ^{{cite web|website=www.google.com/maps|accessdate=18 September 2014}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ontarioplaques.com/Plaques_DEF/Plaque_Elgin23.html |title=Talbot Settlement |author=Brown, Alan L |work=Ontario's Historical Plaques |accessdate=February 27, 2011}} 3. ^Port Talbot, Directory of Designations of National Historic Significance of Canada 4. ^1 2 {{cite book | last1 = Brown | first1 = Ron | title = The Lake Erie Shore: Ontario's Forgotten South Coast | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vYMf_PKyfp4C&dq=The+Lake+Erie+Shore:+Ontario's+Forgotten+South&source=gbs_navlinks_s | date = 2009 | publisher = Dundurn Press | page=136 | isbn = 9781770703902 }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Ermatinger|first1=Charles Oakes|title=Talbot Regime or the First Half Century of the Talbot Settlement|url=https://archive.org/details/talbotregimeorf01ermagoog|date=1904|publisher=The Municipal World Ltd.|location=St. Thomas|pages=35–43}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Grainger|first1=Jennifer|title=Vanished Villages of Elgin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nsaEa7KQyCYC&dq=Vanished+Villages+of+Elgin&source=gbs_navlinks_s|date=2008|publisher=National Heritage Books|location=Toronto|page=69}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|title=The War of 1812 in St. Thomas and Elgin County|url=http://stthomaspubliclibrary.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/The-War-of-1812-in-St.-Thomas-and-Elgin-County.pdf|publisher=St. Thomas Public Library|accessdate=21 September 2014}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Turner|first1=Wesley B.|title=The War of 1812: The War that Both Sides Won|date=2000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LhBCeh8f7WUC&dq=The+War+of+1812:+The+War+that+Both+Sides+Won&source=gbs_navlinks_s|publisher=Friesens Corporation|page=92}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Tucker|first1=Spencer C.|title=The Encyclopedia of the War of 1812: A Political, Social, and Military History|date=2012|publisher=ABC-CLIO|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hVSrJBQYAk8C&dq=The+Encyclopedia+of+the+War+of+1812:+A+Political,+Social,+and+Military+History&source=gbs_navlinks_s|location=United States of America|page=993|edition=Volume 1}} 10. ^{{cite book|last1=Latimer|first1=John|title=1812: War with America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0lsWOwZXw1gC&dq=1812:+War+with+America&source=gbs_navlinks_s|date=2007|location=United States of America|page=369}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=War of 1812 Site: Port Talbot|website=http://elginhistoricalsociety.ca/ehs/content/war-1812-site-port-talbot|publisher=Elgin Historical Society|accessdate=21 September 2014}} 12. ^{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=David C.|title=North-Eastern Section of the Geological Society of America|date=1987|publisher=Geological Society of America|location=Boulder Colorado|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=unxIAgAAQBAJ&dq=North-Eastern+Section+of+the+Geological+Society+of+America+(Centennial+Field+Guide+Volume+5)&source=gbs_navlinks_s|page=345|edition=Centennial Field Guide Volume 5}} ReferencesThe Talbot RegimeSee also
5 : Communities in Elgin County|Ghost towns in Ontario|Populated places established in 1803|1814 disestablishments|National Historic Sites in Ontario |
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