| 词条 | Port Victoria P.V.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Port Victoria P.V.8 Eastchurch Kitten was a prototype British fighter aircraft of the First World War designed and built by the Port Victoria Marine Experimental Aircraft Depot on the Isle of Grain. It was a small and light biplane with a conventional wheeled undercarriage intended to operate from platforms on small ships, but while it had good handling, an unreliable and underpowered engine meant that the aircraft did not enter production, with only one prototype being completed. In 2014, a replica Kitten - originally started in the 1980s - was completed by enthusiasts at the Yorkshire Air Museum.[1] Design and developmentIn 1916, the British Admiralty produced a requirement for a small single seater fighter landplane intended to fly off short platforms on the forecastle of the Royal Navy's Destroyers and other small ships to provide a widely distributed airship interceptor. Orders were placed with the RNAS Experimental Flight at Eastchurch and the Marine Aircraft Experimental Department at Port Victoria on the Isle of Grain for single prototypes to meet this requirement.[2] G.H. Millar, the chief technical officer of the Eastchurch flight, designed a small, angular, single-bay biplane, named the Eastchurch Kitten, powered by the required 45 hp (34 kW) ABC Gnat engine. It was larger and heavier than the Isle of Grain design, with equi-span upper and lower wings, which had bracing wires that ran from the wings through the undercarriage axle to the opposite wing. Initially it had no fixed horizontal tailplane, being fitted with a balanced elevator. Armament was a single Lewis gun mounted to the top wing.[3] The Eastchurch Kitten was part built when Harry Busteed, the commander of the Eastchurch Experimental Flight, was posted to the Isle of Grain to take command of the Marine Aircraft Experimental Department, taking Millar and the part built Eastchurch Kitten with him to Port Victoria for completion.[4] The Eastchurch Kitten was given the designation P.V.8, with the competing Port Victoria designed P.V.7, named the Grain Kitten, flying first in June 1917. The Eastchurch Kitten did not fly until 7 September 1917, powered by a 35 hp (26 kW) ungeared Gnat engine, as the originally planned engine was unavailable.[5] After this first flight, when it was found to be unstable, it was fitted with a small fixed tailplane with revised elevators. Thus modified, it had superior performance and handling to the Grain Kitten, but was similarly plagued by the terrible unreliability of the Gnat.[6] Official testing praised the view for the pilot and the handling but considered the aircraft too fragile for regular use.[7] No orders followed, with adapted versions of the Sopwith Camel, operating both from aircraft carriers and from lighters towed behind destroyers being used instead. The Eastchurch Kitten was packed for dispatch to the United States of America in March 1918 for evaluation, but it is uncertain whether it was actually dispatched.[8] Specifications{{Aircraft specs|ref=War Planes of the First World War: Volume One Fighters [9] |prime units?=imp
See also{{aircontent|related= |similar aircraft=
|lists= |see also= }} References
1. ^York Express newspaper article, (Retrieved 4 Mar 2014) 2. ^Collyer 1991, p.52. 3. ^Bruce 1965, p.183. 4. ^Mason 1992, p.110. 5. ^Mason 1992, p.111. 6. ^Bruce 1965, p.184—185. 7. ^Bruce 1965, p.185—186. 8. ^Green and Swanborough 1994, p.480. 9. ^Bruce 1965, p.186.
External links
4 : British fighter aircraft 1910–1919|Port Victoria aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Biplanes |
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