| 词条 | Anamudi | |||
| 释义 |
| name = Anamudi | photo = Anamudi from Munnar Gundumalai road.jpg | photo_caption = Anamudi, on the right, as seen from the Munnar-Udumalpettai highway | map = Kerala#India | map_caption = Location of Anamudi Peak in Kerala | location = Border of Kothamangalam Taluk, Ernakulam district and Devikulam Taluk, Idukki district, Kerala, India[1] | label_position = right | elevation_m = 2695 | elevation_ref = [2][3] | prominence_m = 2479 | prominence_ref= [4] | listing = Ultra List of Indian states and territories by highest point | translation = Elephant mountain | language = Malayalam | range = Anaimalai Hills, Western Ghats | coordinates = {{coord|10.16923|N|77.06066|E|type:mountain_region:IN_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | topo = | coordinates_ref = | type = Fault-block | age = Cenozoic (100 to 80 mya) | first_ascent = General Douglas Hamilton in 1862 | easiest_route = hike | other_name = Anaimudi | range_coordinates = }}{{Attractions near Munnar}}Anamudi ({{IPA-ml|aːnɐmʊɖi}}, ആനമുടി) is a mountain located in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the highest peak in the Western Ghats and South India, at an elevation of {{convert|2695|m|ft}}[2][3] and a topographic prominence of {{convert|2479|m|ft}}.[4] It lies on the border of Devikulam Taluk, Idukki district and Kothamangalam Taluk, Ernakulam district.[1] The name Anamudi literally translates to "elephant's forehead," a reference to the resemblance of the mountain to an elephant's head.[4] The first recorded ascent of Anamudi was by General Douglas Hamilton of the Madras Army on May 4, 1862,{{citation needed|date=June 2016}} but it is likely that there had been earlier ascents by local people. Anamudi peak is one of only three ultra prominent peaks in South India. It is also the peak with the greatest topographic isolation within India.[5]It is the highest point in India south of Himalayas. Thus it is known as "Everest of South India".[6] Climatic zones and biomesAnamudi is the highest peak in the Western Ghats in India,[13] having an elevation of {{convert|2695|m|ft}}.[2][3] Anamudi is also the highest point in South India.[7] This gives Anamudi its relatively large topographic prominence of {{convert|2479|m|ft}}, the associated key saddle being over {{convert|2000|km|mi}} away at {{coord|28|35|20|N|76|27|59|E}} in Haryana state just to the west of Delhi.[8] The peak is the highest point of the Periyar river basin.[9] The peak is not exceptionally dramatic in term of steepness or local relief and is a fault-block mountain.[10] It is located in the southern region of Eravikulam National Park at the junction of the Cardamom Hills, the Anaimalai Hills and the Palani Hills. The nearest town is Munnar, {{convert|13|km|mi}}. The easiest route to the summit of Anamudi is a technically easy hike on grass slopes, starting from a rolling hill plateau with a base elevation of about {{convert|2000|m|ft}}. The north and south slopes are gentle, while the east and west slopes are steeper, with more difficult rock faces. Anamudi and the Eravikulam National Park surrounding it is home to the largest surviving population of the Nilgiri tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius). Asian elephants, gaur, Bengal tigers, and the Nilgiri marten (Martes gwatkinsii) are some of the species of animals found here .[7] The Anamudi peak[11] area is also habitat of a unique frog Raorchestes resplendens.[12] This newly discovered species is located in the Eravikulam National Park and is restricted to less than three km2 on the summit of Anamudi.[13] The summit of the Anamudi is vegetated with patches of stunted Arundinaria densifolia and Gaultheria fragrantissima (wintergreen), Anaphalis sp., Impatiens and some species of Eriocaulon.[14] GallerySee also
Citations1. ^1 {{cite map |title = Web Map Service |url = http://www.surveykshan.gov.in/ |publisher = Survey of India |language = English ||access-date = 2017-12-11}} [15]2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.keralatourism.org/munnar/anamudi-peak-kerala.php|title=Anamudi|publisher=Kerala Tourism|accessdate= 2014-11-26}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://eravikulam.org/eco-tourism-programs/|title=Explore Wild Munnar|publisher=Eravikulam National Park|accessdate= 2014-11-26}} 4. ^{{harvnb|The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 5|1909|p=334|Ref=imp}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=302|title=World Peaks with 300 km of Isolation|publisher=Peakbagger.com|accessdate= 2017-11-12}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/opinion/up-the-everest-of-the-south/2017/07/25/1633161.html |title= Up the Everest of the South - The New Indian Express |accessdate=25 January 2018}} 7. ^1 {{harvnb|The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 12|1909|p=220|Ref=imp}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/south_india.html|title=Southern India Mountain Ultra-Prominence|publisher=Peaklist.org|accessdate= 2009-12-14}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/purl/98/Dyuthi-T0237.pdf|title=Studies on the nature and chemistry of sediments and water of Periyar and Chalakudy Rivers, Kerala, India by Maya K.|publisher=|accessdate=2005-03-01}} 10. ^{{cite book|last=Hoiberg|first=Dale|author2=Ramchandani, Indu|title=Students' Britannica India, Volumes 1-5|editor=Dale Hoiberg|publisher=Popular Prakashan|year=2000|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Kpd9lLY_0-IC&lpg=PA63&pg=PA63#v=onepage&q=&f=false 63]|isbn=0-85229-760-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kpd9lLY_0-IC&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=&f=false}} 11. ^Anamudi peak 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://eravikulam.org/significance/|title=Significance of Eravikulam National Park|publisher= Eravikulam National Park|accessdate=2014-11-26}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/article422619.ece|title=New species of frog found in Eravikulam National Park|publisher= The Hindu |accessdate=2014-11-26}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eravikulam.org/managementplan.htm |title=Eravikulam National Park Management Plan |publisher=Eravikulam National Park |accessdate=2009-12-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100404152119/http://www.eravikulam.org/managementplan.htm |archivedate=2010-04-04 }} 15. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.vedantawakeup.com/places-to-visit-in-kerala-munnar/anamudi/|title=Anamudi - Kerala|publisher=Vedanta Wake up!|accessdate= 2014-11-26}} }} References
|surname=Hunter |given=William Wilson |year=2009 |title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India |publisher=BiblioBazaar, LLC |isbn=1-110-35940-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xIrcAqB0jyUC&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=&f=false}}.
|last=Hunter |first=William Wilson |author2=James Sutherland Cotton |author3=Richard Burn |author4=William Stevenson Meyer |author5=Great Britain India Office |url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/ |title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India |volume=11 |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=1909 |accessdate=2009-01-07 |ref=imp| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081216124143/http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/| archivedate= 16 December 2008 | deadurl= no}} External links{{commons category|Anamudi}}
7 : Mountains of the Western Ghats|Mountains of Kerala|Geography of Idukki district|Two-thousanders of Asia|Highest points of Indian states and union territories|Tourist attractions in Idukki district|Tourist attractions in Kerala |
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