| 词条 | Pran Nath Thapar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = General | name = Pran Nath Thapar | image = File:General Pran Nath Thapar.jpg | width = 200px | office = Chief of the Army Staff (India) | term_start = 8 May 1961 | term_end = 19 November 1962 | predecessor = General Kodendera Subayya Thimayya | successor = General JN Chaudhuri | office2 = Indian Ambassador to Afghanistan | term_start2 = August 1964 | term_end2 = 1 January 1969 | predecessor2 = | successor2 = | birth_date = {{birth date|1906|05|08}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{Death date and age|1975|01|23|1906|05|08}} | death_place = White Gates, Chhatarpur, New Delhi | placeofburial = | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial_coordinates = | module = {{Infobox military person | embed=yes | allegiance = British Indian Empire {{flag|India}} | branch = British Indian Army {{army|India}} | serviceyears = 1926 - 19 Nov 1962 | rank = General | servicenumber = IA-558[1] | unit = 1st Punjab Regiment | commands = Chief of Army Staff Western Army Southern Army 161st Indian Infantry Brigade 1/1 Punjab | battles = World War II Sino-Indian War | battles_label = | awards = | memorials = | spouse = Bimla Thapar | relations = Karan Thapar (Son) Shobha Thapar (Daughter) Premila Thapar (Daughter) Kiran Thapar (Daughter) Romila Thapar (Niece) Valmik Thapar (Great-Nephew) | laterwork = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | website = | module = }} }} General Pran Nath Thapar (May 23, 1906 – June 23, 1975) was the fifth[1] Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army. Personal lifeGeneral Pran Nath Thapar was born into a prominent Punjabi family. He was the youngest son of Diwan Bahadur Kunj Behari Thapar of Lahore. The historian Romila Thapar is his niece and the conservationalist and tiger expert, Valmik Thapar is his great nephew. In March 1936, Thapar married Bimla Bashiram, the eldest daughter of Rai Bahadur Bashiram Sahgal and granddaughter of Rai Bahadur Ramsaran Das. Bimla Thapar was a sister of Gautam Sahgal, whose wife Nayantara Sahgal was a daughter of Vijayalakshmi Pandit and niece of Jawaharlal Nehru. General Thapar and Smt. Bimla Thapar had four children, of whom the youngest is the prominent journalist Karan Thapar. CareerAfter graduating from Government College, Lahore, he trained at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, passing out on 4 February 1926 as a second lieutenant. He passed out in the same batch as K.S. Thimayya, who also went on to become Chief of the Army Staff.[2] He spent the next year attached to a British Army battalion stationed in India. On 18 April 1927 he was formally appointed to the Indian Army, ranking as a second lieutenant.[3] He did his regimental duties with the 2nd battalion, 1st Punjab Regiment for ten years and later attended the staff courses at Quetta in India and Minley Manor in England.[4] He served in Burma during the second World War in 1941 and later in the Middle East and Italy. By October 1942 he was serving on the staff as a brigade major.[5] He was appointed as assistant military secretary in 1945, and commanded the 1st Battalion of the 1st Punjab Regiment in Indonesia in 1946. Subsequently, he went on to serve as the commander of the 161 Indian Infantry Brigade in East Bengal. During the Partition of India, Thapar officiated as the Director of Military Operations and Intelligence. In November 1947, he was promoted to the rank of major general. He served as the Chief of the General Staff for a few months and later as Military Secretary until August 1949. He was appointed Master General of Ordnance on August 1949. On 1 January 1950, Thapar was promoted to substantive major-general.[6]He commanded an Infantry Division for four years till 1954 and was promoted to the local rank of lieutenant general in 1954 as Commander of a Corps. He was selected to attend the Imperial Defence College, London in 1955. After successful completion of the course, he was appointed General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Southern Command on 21 January 1957, with the acting rank of lieutenant-general,[7] and was promoted to the substantive rank on 1 February.[8] He became General Officer Commanding-in-Chief of Western Command in 1959. Thapar took over as Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army on 8 May 1961 and served until 19 November 1962. He was also colonel of the Rajputana Rifles. He was head of Indian army during the Sino-Indian War and resigned in disgrace on 19 November 1962 for his dismal failure during the war. Later lifeAfter retirement, he was appointed as Indian Ambassador to Afghanistan from August 1964 to January 1969. He died on his farm, White Gates, in Chhattarpur, New Delhi, on 23 January 1975 at the age of 69. Awards and Decorations
Dates of rank
Notes1. ^B-R {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302182750/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/Army-Chiefs/Chiefs-Army07.html |date=2009-03-02 }} 2. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=33130|page=888|date=5 February 1926}} 3. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33296|page=4721|date=22 July 1927}} 4. ^Indian-Army {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201142402/http://indianarmy.nic.in/coas07.html |date=2014-02-01 }} 5. ^Indian Army List October 1942 6. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=70 |date=24 June 1950 |website= |publisher=The Gazette of India}} 7. ^1 {{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=58 |date=9 March 1957 |website= |publisher=The Gazette of India}} 8. ^1 {{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=59 |date=9 March 1957 |website= |publisher=The Gazette of India}} 9. ^{{London Gazette |issue=33396 |date=22 June 1928 |page=4268 |supp=y |nolink=y}} 10. ^{{London Gazette |issue=34142 |date=15 March 1935 |page=1810 |nolink=y}} 11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book|pages=146–147|title=Indian Army List Special Edition for August 1947|first= |last=|publisher=Government of India Press|year=1947|ISBN=|subject=}} 12. ^{{London Gazette |issue=36042 |date=4 June 1943 |page=2579 |supp=y |nolink=y}} 13. ^1 Upon independence in 1947, India became a Dominion within the British Commonwealth of Nations. As a result, the rank insignia of the British Army, incorporating the Tudor Crown and four-pointed Bath Star ("pip"), was retained, as George VI remained Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces. After 26 January 1950, when India became a republic, the President of India became Commander-in-Chief, and the Ashoka Lion replaced the crown, with a five-pointed star being substituted for the "pip." 14. ^1 {{cite web|title=New Designs of Crests and Badges in the Services|url=http://pib.nic.in/archive/docs/DVD_38/ACC%20NO%20807-BR/HOM-1950-01-06_484.pdf|website=Press Information Bureau of India - Archive|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://pib.nic.in/archive/docs/DVD_38/ACC%20NO%20807-BR/HOM-1950-01-06_484.pdf|archivedate=8 August 2017|df=dmy-all}} 15. ^{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=227 |date=11 February 1950 |website= |publisher=The Gazette of India}} 16. ^{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=262 |date=5 December 1953 |website= |publisher=The Gazette of India}} 17. ^{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=134 |date=27 May 1961 |website= |publisher=The Gazette of India}} References{{Reflist}}{{S-start}}{{s-mil}}{{succession box| before = Kodandera Subayya Thimayya |title = Chief of Army Staff | years = 1961–1962 | after = Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri}}{{succession box | before = Kalwant Singh |title = General Officer Commanding - in - Chief Western Command | years = 1959–1961 | after = Daulet Singh}}{{succession box | before = Kodandera Subayya Thimayya |title = General Officer Commanding - in - Chief Southern Command | years = 1957–1959 | after = Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri}}{{s-dip}}{{succession box | before ={{Not sure}} |title = Indian Ambassador to Afghanistan | years = 1964–1969 | after ={{Not sure}} }}{{S-end}}{{Chief of the Army Staff India}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Thapar, Pran Nath}} 10 : 1906 births|1975 deaths|British Indian Army officers|Indian Army personnel of World War II|Chiefs of Army Staff (India)|Punjabi people|Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst|Military personnel from Punjab, India|Ambassadors of India to Afghanistan|People of the Sino-Indian War |
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