| 词条 | Princess Amalie of Saxony |
| 释义 |
| title = Princess Amalie of Saxony | name = Princess Amalie | full name = {{lang-de|Maria Amalia Friederike Augusta Karolina Ludovica Josepha Aloysia Anna Nepomucena Philippina Vincentia Franziska de Paula Franziska de Chantal}} | image =Sachsen, Maria Amalia (1794-1870).jpg | caption = | spouse = Franciscus de Merendonque | issue = Johannes de Merendonque | house = Wettin | father =Prince Maximilian of Saxony | mother =Princess Carolina of Parma | birth_date ={{birth date|1794|8|10|df=y}} | birth_place = Pillnitz, Dresden | death_date ={{death date and age|1870|9|18|1794|8|10|df=y}} | death_place = Pillnitz, Dresden | burial_place = Katholische Hofkirche | religion = Roman Catholicism |}} Amalie Marie Friederike Auguste (10 August 1794 – 18 September 1870),[1] Princess of Saxony, full name Maria Amalia Friederike Augusta Karolina Ludovica Josepha Aloysia Anna Nepomucena Philippina Vincentia Franziska de Paula Franziska de Chantal, was a German composer writing under the pen name A. Serena, and a dramatist under the name Amalie Heiter. She was the daughter of Prince Maximilian of Saxony and Princess Carolina of Parma. She was the granddaughter of Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony; niece of Frederick Augustus I, King of Saxony and Anthony, King of Saxony; sister of Frederick Augustus II, King of Saxony and John, King of Saxony; and aunt of Albert, King of Saxony and George, King of Saxony. LifePrincess Amalie lived her entire life in Pillnitz Castle near Dresden, Germany. She was a well-educated and intellectually curious woman who composed chamber music, opera, and sacred music, sang, wrote comedies, and played the harpsichord. Married to Franciscus de Merendonque in 1817 [2] Amalie was a young girl during the time of the Napoleonic wars and had to flee from her castle several times. She and her family were forced to sleep on straw wherever they could find shelter. She met Napoleon several times and held a negative opinion of him. When Napoleon observed that she was angry with him because he warred against her family, but that she should and would accustom herself to the situation, she firmly replied that there were some things that can't be accustomed to.[3] CareerMusicAmalie studied music with Joseph Schuster, Vincenzo Rastrelli, Johann Miksch, Franz Anton Schubert and Carl Maria von Weber. She began writing music in 1811 and composed numerous operas, popular among the Dresden elite. She published her musical works under the pseudonym A. Serena. Her most popular compositions were her comedic operas. She portrayed her characters with innovation and color.[4] Weber found her "highly talented."[5] DramaticsIn 1829/30, she published two dramas under the name of Amalie Heiter. Among her subsequent dramatic works, which were noted for a love of humanity and virtue, her comedies Der Onkel (“The Uncle”) and Die Fürstenbraut (“The Prince's bride”) became very popular. The latter was performed in Paris under the title Une femme charmante (“A charming woman,” 1840). Others of her plays were also adapted to the French stage. A complete edition of her dramatic works was published in Dresden, for the benefit of the women's association, under the title of Originalbeiträge zur deutschen Schaubühne (“Original contributions to the German stage,” 6 vols., 1837–42). A 3rd edition of the 1st volume appeared in 1858, and a French version of it (Comédies) at Paris in 1841. Six of her dramas were translated into English by Jameson (London, 1846), and six others were translated anonymously (1848).[6] Musical works
Ancestry{{unreferenced section|date=July 2014 }}{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Princess Amalie of Saxony |2= 2. Maximilian, Crown Prince of Saxony |3= 3. Princess Carolina of Parma |4= 4. Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony |5= 5. Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria |6= 6. Ferdinand, Duke of Parma |7= 7. Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria |8= 8. Augustus III of Poland |9= 9. Maria Josepha of Austria |10= 10. Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor |11= 11. Maria Amalia of Austria |12= 12. Philip, Duke of Parma |13= 13. Louise Élisabeth of France |14= 14. Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor |15= 15. Maria Theresa of Austria |16= 16. Augustus II the Strong |17= 17. Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |18= 18. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (=#22) |19= 19. Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg (=#23) |20= 20. Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria |21= 21. Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska |22= 22. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (=#18) |23= 23. Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg (=#19) |24= 24. Philip V of Spain |25= 25. Elisabeth Farnese |26= 26. Louis XV of France |27= 27. Marie Leszczyńska |28= 28. Leopold, Duke of Lorraine |29= 29. Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans |30= 30. Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor |31= 31. Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel }} References{{commons category|Amalie of Saxony (1794–1870)}}1. ^Slonimsky, Nicolas, ed. Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. Vol. 1. New York : Schrimer Books 2001: 67. 2. ^Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. Woodbridge, CT : Yorkin, 1999: 254–255. 3. ^{{Cite journal|title=The Princess Amalie of Saxony and Napoleon|journal=The New York Times|date=13 May 1883|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10A17FE3F5511738DDDAA0994DD405B8384F0D3}} 4. ^Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Woodbridge, CT : Yorkin, 1999. Vol. 1. pp. 254–255. 5. ^The Norton/Grove Dictionary of Women Composers. Eva Rieger. New York : W.W. Norton and Company, 1995, p. 12. 6. ^{{AmCyc|wstitle=Amalie, Marie Friederike Auguste|inline=1}} 7. ^Rieger, Eva, ed. The Norton/Grove Dictionary of Women Composers. New York : W.W. Norton and Company, 1995: 12. BibliographyModern works
Older sources
17 : 1794 births|1870 deaths|19th-century classical composers|19th-century German dramatists and playwrights|19th-century German composers|19th-century German women writers|Burials at Katholische Hofkirche|Dames of the Order of Queen Maria Luisa|German classical composers|German female classical composers|German Roman Catholics|German women dramatists and playwrights|House of Wettin|People from Dresden|Saxon princesses|Dames of the Order of the Starry Cross|19th-century women musicians |
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