| 词条 | Princess Maria Christina of Saxony (1735–1782) |
| 释义 |
| name =Princess Maria Christina | full name = Maria Christina Anna Theresa Salomea Eulalia Francisca Xaveria | title = Abbess of Remiremont | image =Maurice_Quentin_de_La_Tour,_Princesse_Marie-Christine_de_Saxe_(c._1762-1763).jpg | image_size = 200 | caption =Maria Christina by Maurice Quentin de La Tour | birth_date = {{Birth date|1735|2|15|df=y}} | birth_place = Wilanów Palace, Warsaw, Poland | death_date = {{Death date and age|1782|11|19|1735|2|15|df=y}} | death_place = Château de Brumath, Brumath, France | house = Wettin | father = Augustus III of Poland | mother = Maria Josepha of Austria | place of burial=Église des Dames, Remiremont, France | date of burial=15 December 1782 | religion = Roman Catholicism }} Princess Maria Christina of Saxony (Maria Christina Anna Theresa Salomea Eulalia Francisca Xaveria;[1] 12 February 1735 – 19 November 1782) was a Princess of Saxony and later Abbess of Remiremont. LifeShe was the daughter of Augustus III of Poland, Elector of Saxony (as Frederick Augustus I), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (as Augustus II), and Maria Josepha of Austria, first cousin of Empress Maria Theresa. Maria Christina was born at the Wilanów Palace in Poland.[1] She came from a close family and her parents made sure they put emphasis on a good education. She was educated in Latin, French, Polish, philosophy, geography, religion, drawing, music and dance. Her older sister Maria Josepha married Louis, Dauphin of France in 1747.[2] AbbessIn 1764, Maria Christina was sent to France to become a Coadjutorice at the Abbey of Remiremont in Remiremont, northern France. Her position was thanks to the personal intervention of Louis XV himself.[2] At the time of her arrival, the abbey was under control of Anne Charlotte de Lorraine, sister of the Holy Roman Emperor and aunt of the future Marie Antoinette.[3] In France, she was known as Marie Christine de Saxe. In 1773, at the death of Anne Charlotte, Maria Christina was named Abbess, a position she would keep until her death. Remiremont had seats and votes in the Reichstag including all rights and obligations of an Imperial Princess (such as low justice, tax, legislation, coinage and military service), and enjoyed immunity against temporal power. She was a frequent visitor to Paris and was fond of the Theatre and the city's social life. She spent a great deal of money, the payment of which was made by Stanisław Leszczyński (Duke of Lorraine until his death in 1766) and after that the king Louis XV. Her correspondence with her brother Francis Xavier, Regent of Saxony was preserved at Trojes. She was created a Dame of the Order of the Starry Cross. Maria Christina bought the Château de Brumath in the town of Brumath[4] in the Alsace region of France. Purchased in 1775,[4] she chose the building for its location in the country and for its natural setting. She lived a lavish lifestyle at the château which far outdid her revenues. Dying at the château on 19 November 1782,[1] her nephew King Louis XVI was obliged to pay her debts in the amount of 136,876 livres for his dead aunt.[4] She was buried at the abbey in its église des Dames on the 15 December 1782. She was praised for her intelligence, her conversation and for being a cultivated woman for her age. The château de Brumath was abandoned and was pillaged in the French Revolution.[5] Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |ref=[6] |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Maria Christina of Saxony |2= 2. Augustus III of Poland |3= 3. Maria Josepha of Austria |4= 4. Augustus II of Poland |5= 5. Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |6= 6. Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor |7= 7. Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick |8= 8. John George III, Elector of Saxony |9= 9. Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark |10= 10. Christian Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |11= 11. Sophie Luise of Württemberg |12= 12. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor |13= 13. Eleonor Magdalene of the Palatinate |14= 14. John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |15= 15. Benedicta-Henrietta of Simmern |16= 16. John George II, Elector of Saxony |17= 17. Magdalene Sybille of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |18= 18. Frederick III of Denmark |19= 19. Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg |20= 20. Erdmann August of Brandenburg-Bayreuth |21= 21. Sophie of Brandenburg-Ansbach |22= 22. Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg |23= 23. Anna Katharina of Salm-Kyrburg |24= 24. Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor |25= 25. Maria Anna of Spain |26= 26. Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine |27= 27. Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt |28= 28. George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg |29= 29. Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt |30= 30. Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern |31= 31. Anna Gonzaga }} Titles, styles, honours and armsTitles and styles
References and notes1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url= http://www.genealogics.org/getperson.php?personID=I00013830&tree=LEO |title= Maria Christina of Saxony |accessdate= 2010-03-05|last= van de Pas|first= Leo|work= Genealogics .org}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url= http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/womeninpower/Womeninpower1770.htm |title= Women in Power 1770-1800 |accessdate= 2010-03-02|last= Christensen|first= Martin K.I|work= www.guide2womenleaders.com}} 3. ^Marie Antoinette would come to France in 1770 to wed the Duke of Berry, future Louis XVI 4. ^1 2 {{cite web|url= http://www.brumath.fr/mairie-brumath/decouvrir-ville-historique.html |title= Historique de Brumath |accessdate= 2010-03-05|last= |first=|work= www.brumath.fr}} 5. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.prixeuropeendelitterature.eu/html/fichepays.asp?id=14 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110720171422/http://www.prixeuropeendelitterature.eu/html/fichepays.asp?id=14 |dead-url= yes |archive-date= 2011-07-20 |title= Brève histoire de Brumath |accessdate= 2010-03-05 |last= |first= |work= www.prixeuropeendelitterature.eu }} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans| trans-title=Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AINPAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA100|year=1768|publisher=Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel|location=Bourdeaux|language=fr|page=100}} See also{{Princesses of Saxony}}{{Abbesses of Remiremont}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Maria Christina, Princess of Saxony}} 13 : 1735 births|1782 deaths|Benedictine nuns|People from Warsaw|House of Wettin|French Roman Catholic abbesses|French Roman Catholic religious sisters and nuns|Abbesses of Remiremont|18th-century German people|18th-century Polish people|18th-century French people|Dames of the Order of the Starry Cross|18th-century Christian nuns |
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