词条 | Priwall (barque) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
History and performanceWhile still at the builders, Priwall (with other German merchant vessels) was identified in 1919 for confiscation by the Allies as World War I reparations.[8] However, due to the incomplete state of the ship, delivery to the Allies was not enforced and thus allowed the Laeisz company to finish construction – and, after outfitting, to operate the ship as intended, carrying general cargo outbound and nitrate or grain to Europe.[5] Priwall was one of the Flying P-Liners that enhanced the reputation of her owners. As with all Laeisz ships, Priwall was well maintained, and the company’s captains were known as fine steersmen and bold sailors.[6] During a 1932 voyage on Christmas Day, the ship covered {{convert|384|nmi|km}} in 24 hours (an average speed of {{convert|16|kn|km/h}}).[3] In 1935, she 'won' the Great Grain Race by sailing from Port Victoria to Queenstown in 91 days. In 1938, Priwall recorded the fastest ever westward rounding of Cape Horn[7] by a commercial sailing ship in five days and fourteen hours under Captain Adolf Hauth.[8][9][10]Her final voyage under Laeisz ownership commenced on 23 May 1939 at Hamburg, bound for Valparaiso.[11] During the voyage, on a rare mid-ocean meeting in the South Atlantic, Priwall passed by the Finnish barque Lawhill en route from South Australia to Europe with a cargo of grain; Priwall also sighted the liner {{SS|Cap Arcona||2}}. The ship rounded Cape Horn on 21 July in the gale-force winds of the southern winter as the last commercial windjammer completing this east-to-west passage, and reached the sheltered anchorage of Corral, Chile. There the crew maneuvered the mizzen upper top yard to the foremast to replace its broken upper top yard. Continuing on to Talcahuano to off-load freight, she finally arrived at Valparaiso on 3 September 1939. Priwall was then interned at Valparaiso at the onset of the Second World War.[17] In 1941, to avoid potential seizure by the Allies, the ship was deeded as a gift to the Republic of Chile in a ceremony attended by the Governor of Valparaíso, Mr. Alfredo Rodríguez Mac-Iver. Renamed Lautaro, she was used as a cargo carrying training ship by the Chilean Navy. On 28 February 1945, while loading nitrate, she caught fire off the Peruvian coast and was destroyed.[3] On 8 March 1945 the SV Lautaro sank while being towed by the SS Ucayali who tried to tow it to Callao, Peru (north of Iquique). CaptainsF. Laeisz Shipping Company:[3]
VoyagesVoyages made by Priwall under Laeisz ownership:[3][12]
StampsPriwall was depicted on a postage stamp issued by the Falkland Islands.[10]Bibliography
1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/pdffile.php?name=30a0163.pdf |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, SAILING VESSELS |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data |accessdate=14 February 2010}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://sailing-ships.oktett.net/19.html |title=Priwall |publisher=Fredrik Sandström |accessdate=17 February 2010}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Fourmast_ships/Priwall%281917%29.html |title=Priwall |publisher=Lars Bruzelius |accessdate=17 February 2010}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/pdffile.php?name=34a0742.pdf |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, NAVIRES A VOILES |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data |accessdate=14 February 2010}} 5. ^1 {{harvnb|Carter|2004|p=120}} 6. ^Randier, Jean. Men and Ships around Cape Horn 1616-1939. New York: David McKay Company, Inc. 1969, p. 341 7. ^"Rounding the Horn" is traditionally understood to involve sailing the roughly one thousand miles from 50 degrees south on one coast of South America to 50 degrees south on the other coast, the two benchmark latitudes of a Horn run 8. ^Stark, Willam F. The Last Time Around Cape Horn. The Historic 1949 Voyage of the Windjammer Pamir. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers. 2003; p. 147 {{ISBN|0-7867-1233-3}} 9. ^{{harvnb|Drumm|2001|p=94}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://web.me.com/myronpm/Topics/html/kaphoorn.htm |title=Cape Horn |publisher=Bjoern Moritz |accessdate=17 February 2010}} 11. ^{{harvnb|Parrott|2004|p=24}} 12. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.caphorniers.cl/priwall/last_rounding.htm |title=LAST ROUNDING OF THE "PRIWALL" |publisher=Caphorniers |accessdate=17 February 2010}}
The barque of saviors: Eagle's passage from the Nazi Navy to the U.S. Coast Guard|edition=2001|year=2001| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Harcourt| isbn= 0-395-98367-3 }} - Total pages: 250
External links
9 : 1917 ships|Ships built in Hamburg|Barques|Merchant ships of Germany|World War II merchant ships of Germany|World War II naval ships of Chile|Maritime incidents in February 1945|Tall ships of Chile|Ship fires |
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