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词条 Professor Green
释义

  1. Early life

  2. Career

     2006–10  2010–11: Alive Till I'm Dead  2011–2012: At Your Inconvenience  2013–2014: Growing Up In Public  2016–present: Back on the Market 

  3. Politics

  4. Personal life

  5. Filmography

     Film and television 

  6. Discography

  7. Awards and nominations

  8. See also

  9. References

  10. External links

{{About|a musician|the professor of history|Judith Green (historian)|the solar energy researcher|Martin Green (professor)|the professor of physics|Michael Green (physicist)|the professor of statistics|Peter Green (statistician)|the professor of mathematics|Ben Green (mathematician)}}{{Multiple issues|{{Cleanup|reason=article on the whole is not encyclopedic, lacking a summarizing lede, and missing independent sourcing of purported factual information|date=November 2016}}{{inadequate lead|date=November 2016}}{{BLP sources|date=November 2016}}
}}{{Use British English|date=September 2013}}{{Infobox person
| name = Professor Green
| image = Profesor Green2012.jpg
| caption = Stephen Manderson in 2012
| birth_name = Stephen Paul Manderson
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1983|11|27}}
| birth_place = Hackney, London, England
| occupation = {{flatlist|
  • Rapper
  • singer
  • songwriter
  • actor
  • television personality

}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Millie Mackintosh
|10 September 2013|25 May 2016|end=div}}
| module = {{Infobox musical artist |embed=yes
| background = solo_singer
| years_active = 2005–present
| genre = {{flatlist|
  • Hip hop
  • grime
  • electronica

}}
| instrument = Vocals
| label = {{flatlist|
  • Virgin {{small|(2010–2015)}}
  • Relentless {{small|(2016–present)}}

}}
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
  • Tinie Tempah
  • Tori Kelly
  • Emeli Sandé
  • Adele
  • Naughty Boy
  • Mr Probz
  • Royce da 5'9"
  • Example
  • Lily Allen
  • Rizzle Kicks

}}
| website = {{URL|professorgreen.co.uk}}
}}
}}

Stephen Paul Manderson (born 27 November 1983),[1] better known by his stage name Professor Green or simply Pro Green, is a British rapper, singer, songwriter, actor and television personality from London. He is the co-host of Lip Sync Battle UK on Channel 5.

Early life

Manderson was raised by his grandmother and uncles on the Northwold housing estate in Clapton, Hackney, London.[1] He sold cannabis as a youngster and smoked it on a daily basis between the ages of 16 and 24.[2]

Career

2006–10

In 2006 he released his first mixtape, Lecture #1.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} He was signed to The Beats,[1] a record label run by Mike Skinner and Ted Mayhem, until 12 February 2008, when the label terminated.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} He then self-produced an EP called The Green EP. He rose to success upon winning the inaugural JumpOff MySpace £50,000 battle rap tournament in July 2008. Following this in 2009, he worked with Lily Allen on her 2009 concert tour.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

2010–11: Alive Till I'm Dead

After touring with Allen, he was signed to Virgin Records. In July 2010, Green released his debut album, Alive Till I'm Dead, which features guest vocals from Lily Allen, Emeli Sandé, Fink, Labrinth and Example, as well as The Streets.{{citation needed|date=January 2018}}

The first single off the album was produced by The ThundaCatz and called "I Need You Tonight", which was released on 12 April 2010, and it samples the 1987 hit from INXS 'Need You Tonight'.[3] It peaked at #3 in the UK,[4] and #15 in Ireland,[5] and was also certificated silver status in the United Kingdom.

He released his second single 'Just Be Good to Green', on 11 July 2010 in the UK, which featured British singer Lily Allen.[6] It became a top 5 hit in the UK, a top 20 hit in Ireland and on the European Hot 100 Singles.[7] It also peaked at #32 in New Zealand and #49 in Australia.[8] The song samples 'Just Be Good To Me' by the SOS Band.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}

His album was released a week later, and peaked at #2 in the UK[9] and #18 in Ireland.[10] He released Monster on 3 October 2010 as the third single from the album, featuring UK rapper Example (Elliot Gleave).[11] The single became a top 30 hit on the UK Singles Chart, and the album has been certificated Gold with sales of over 100,000 in the United Kingdom.[12]

On 10 September 2010, Green joined Lily Allen on stage at Wembley Stadium whilst supporting Muse, to perform her number one hit 'Smile', and 'Just Be Good To Green'.[13]

On 19 October 2010, Green released the video for his next single "Jungle", which features Maverick Sabre. It was released on 3 January 2011 and reached #31 in the UK Singles Chart.[14]

On 8 December 2010, a feud erupted on social networking site Twitter between Professor Green and grime artist Wiley, after Wiley said that Professor Green would not exist if it were not for the success of American rapper Eminem, adding that he himself was a superior artist to Green. In retribution Green responded by saying '"I will always be a fan, but that's not to say I won't shit all over you. It's not a problem for me." This then escalated into a larger argument before Professor Green attempted to defuse the situation, to little avail.[15]

Since March 2011 Green was the first ever social ambassador for the clothing and footwear manufacturer brand Puma, focusing on the fashion and lifestyle side of the brand.[16]

2011–2012: At Your Inconvenience

Green's second album is titled At Your Inconvenience and was released on 28 October 2011.[17] The title track "At Your Inconvenience" was premiered by Zane Lowe on BBC Radio 1 on 13 July 2011.[18] That track was released as a promotional single only, as an instant download upon preorder of the album on iTunes. The first official single, "Read All About It" (with guest vocals from Emeli Sandé), was released on 23 October 2011. On 30 October 2011, it reached #1 in the UK Singles Chart.[19]

The second single released from the album was "Never Be a Right Time", with guest vocals from Ed Drewett. The EP featured remixes from Document One and Drums of London, and a remix of "How Many Moons" featuring fellow UK rappers Dream McLean and Rinse. The "How Many Moons" remix premiered on Mistajam's show on 1Xtra in January 2012. The third single released was "Remedy", featuring Ruth-Anne Cunningham. A remix contest was hosted where producers could download the stems for the track and use them to create a remix. The winner won a trip to meet and greet Green in Hyde Park on 7 July 2012 at the Wireless Festival.[20]

In May 2012, Green released his own signature beer "Remedy". An American style pale ale, brewed with English ingredients.[21]

The fourth single set to be released is "Avalon" featuring Sierra Kusterbeck, which appeared on an advert for the energy drink Relentless.[22] Pro Green is a brand ambassador for Relentless, and performed for them at a secret gig in his home town of Hackney, London on 15 November 2012.[23]

2013–2014: Growing Up In Public

Green expressed interest to work with Lily Allen, Ed Sheeran, Emeli Sandé and Lana Del Rey, however none of these artists made it onto the album. Possible producers for the album were stated to include Mike Skinner, Sid Wilson of Slipknot,[24] iSHi, Pharrell Williams and Skrillex. A promotional non-album single, titled "Are You Getting Enough?", featured Miles Kane and was released on 21 July 2013.[25] After the single failed to chart even in the UK top 100, Green announced that the first "proper" single from the album would be released in January 2014 and the album would follow shortly.

Green performed new tracks titled "I Need Church" and "Little Secrets" in his 2013 live sets.[26] Green also posted clips of new songs "Name in Lights" (produced by Cores and featuring Rizzle Kicks){{citation needed|date=November 2016}} and "Jealous Girl" on his Instagram.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}} Tweets and Instagram posts also revealed a collaboration with Wretch 32 and iSHi titled "Gross" and another track titled "The Middle". Green also posted a short clip of a collaboration with iSHI and Ella Eyre which didn't make the album.[27]{{self-published inline|date=November 2016}}

Green appeared on CBBC show 12 Again, talking about his life at age 12. On 14 April 2013, he released a 54-second teaser of the album's first promotional single "Not Your Man", which features vocals from Thabo.

In 2014, he appeared on a remix of "German Whip" by Meridian Dan, also featuring Skepta, Bossman Birdie and Jordan Stephens. "Not Your Man" premiered in full on 3 July 2014, and was released on 5 July as an "instant grat" download on iTunes when you pre-ordered the album. The album's second "instant grat" promotional single, "I Need Church", was released on 16 July. The lead single from the album, "Lullaby" featuring Tori Kelly, was released on 14 September 2014. Growing Up in Public was released on 22 September 2014. The album featured guest appearances from James Craise, Tori Kelly, Mr Probz, Rizzle Kicks, Whinnie Williams, Thabo, Cas and Dream Mclean.[28]

2016–present: Back on the Market

1Xtra was the first radio station to play his new single on 12 September 2016, after which he also uploaded the audio on his YouTube channel.[29][30] In November 2016, Professor Green released "One Eye on The Door" with an accompanying music video.[31]

Politics

In June 2017, Green endorsed Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn in the 2017 UK general election. He told fans to stop "listening to the slander and attempted media blanket" of Corbyn, adding: "He is for peace and not war, that doesn't make him weak, nor does it mean he's spineless or without a backbone – quite the opposite."[32][33][34]

In July 2017, while visiting Rochdale to film a documentary, he confronted the leaders of far right political group Britain First, as reported in the British media, filming an anti-Muslim march he witnessed taking place in the Northern town, interviewing co-leader Jayda Fransen.[35]

Personal life

On 23 May 2009, Green was attacked with the neck of a broken bottle in the Cargo nightclub in Shoreditch, London. His assailant was later convicted and sentenced to eight years in prison.[36]

On 16 October 2012, Puma launched an exclusive apparel collection designed by Green.[37]

On 25 March 2013, Millie Mackintosh announced on her Twitter account that she and Green were engaged.[38] They married at Babington House in Somerset on 10 September 2013.[39] Green and Mackintosh announced their separation on 20 February 2016.[40] They were granted a decree nisi to end their marriage in a hearing at the Central London Family Court on 25 May 2016.[41]

On 24 May 2013, Green was crushed between two Mercedes cars when travelling to perform a live show at Hartpury College in Gloucester. He was thought to have broken his leg, but soon returned to appear at Harper Adams University in Shropshire after just three weeks, followed by a long set at Glastonbury during the last weekend in June, which included him running along the front row of the audience.[42]

Green's autobiography, Lucky, was published in 2015.[43] Green presented Suicide and Me on BBC Three on 27 October 2015.[44]

Filmography

Film and television

Year Title Role Notes
2015Professor Green: Suicide and MeHimselfAutobiography
2016-presentLip Sync Battle UKCo-HostTV Show
2016Professor Green: Hidden and HomelessHimselfDocumentary
DriveHimselfTV Show
Professor Green: Dangerous Dogs Himself Documentary
2017 "Professor Green: Living In Poverty" Himself Documentary
"Professor Green: Is It Time to Legalise Weed?" Himself Documentary
Tipping Point: Lucky Stars Himself TV Game Show
2018”Professor Green: Working Class White Men”HimselfDocumentary
In Conversation With...HimselfSeries 4 Episode 1
Celebs in Solitary:MeltdownHimselfTV Show/Social Experiment
2019Top GearGuest1 episode

Discography

{{Main article|Professor Green discography}}{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}
Albums
  • Alive Till I'm Dead (2010)
  • At Your Inconvenience (2011)
  • Growing Up In Public (2014)
{{col-2}}
Mixtapes
  • Lecture #1 (2006)
EPs
  • The Green EP (2008)
{{col-end}}

Awards and nominations

  • BT Digital Music Awards 2010
    • Breakthrough Artist of the Year – Won
    • Best Newcomer – Nominated
  • MTV Europe Music Awards 2010
    • Best Push Act
  • MOBO Awards 2010
    • Best Newcomer – Nominated
    • Best Song - "I Need You Tonight" - Nominated
    • Best Hip Hop/Grime Act - Won
  • MP3 Awards 2010
    • Radio/ Charts/ Downloads - "Just Be Good to Green" – Nominated
  • Urban Music Awards 2010
    • Best Newcomer – Nominated
    • Best Hip-Hop Act – Nominated
    • Best Song - "I Need You Tonight" – Nominated
  • NME Awards 2011
    • Best Dancefloor Filler - "Jungle" – Won

See also

  • List of people from the London Borough of Hackney
  • Stormzy
  • Skepta

References

1. ^{{cite news |last=Swash |first=Rosie |date=20 April 2010 |title=How Professor Green Gatecrashed the Charts |newspaper=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2010/apr/20/professor-green-need-you-tonight |access-date=10 November 2016}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p058dgnq |title=Professor Green: Is It Time To Legalise Weed? |publisher=BBC Three}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.whosampled.com/sample/34053/Professor-Green-Ed-Drewett-I-Need-You-Tonight-INXS-Need-You-Tonight/|title=Professor Green feat. Ed Drewett's 'I Need You Tonight' - Discover the Sample Source|website=WhoSampled|access-date=6 December 2016}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/23183/professor%20green%20ft%20ed%20drewett/|title=PROFESSOR GREEN FT ED DREWETT {{!}} full Official Chart History {{!}} Official Charts Company|website=www.officialcharts.com|access-date=6 December 2016}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p/musicvideo/music/archive/index_test.jsp&ct=240001&arch=t&lyr=2010&year=2010&week=17|title=GFK Chart-Track|website=www.chart-track.co.uk|access-date=6 December 2016}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/just-be-good-to-green-feat./id720109030|title=Just Be Good to Green (feat. Lily Allen) - EP by Professor Green on Apple Music|website=iTunes|access-date=6 December 2016}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/352506/Professor+Green/chart?f=349|title=Professor Green - Chart history {{!}} Billboard|website=www.billboard.com|access-date=6 December 2016}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Professor+Green+feat.+Lily+Allen&titel=Just+Be+Good+to+Green&cat=s|title=australian-charts.com - Professor Green feat. Lily Allen - Just Be Good To Green|last=Hung|first=Steffen|website=www.australian-charts.com|access-date=6 December 2016}}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/albums-chart/20100725/7502/|title=Official Albums Chart Top 100 {{!}} Official Charts Company|website=www.officialcharts.com|access-date=7 December 2016}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.chart-track.co.uk/index.jsp?c=p/musicvideo/music/archive/index_test.jsp&ct=240002&arch=t&lyr=2010&year=2010&week=29|title=GFK Chart-Track|website=www.chart-track.co.uk|access-date=7 December 2016}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/Professor-Green-Alive-Till-Im-Dead/release/2384588|title=Professor Green - Alive Till I'm Dead|website=Discogs|access-date=7 December 2016}}
12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.bpi.co.uk/certified-awards/search.aspx|title=BPI Certified Awards.|last=|first=|date=|website=www.bpi.co.uk|publisher=|access-date=7 December 2016}}
13. ^{{cite journal | author = Metro Web Reporter | date = 11 September 2010 | title = Lily Allen Performs With Professor Green at Muse Show | journal = Metro (online) | location = | url = http://www.metro.co.uk/music/840647-lily-allen-performs-with-professor-green-at-muse-show | access-date = 10 November 2016 | quote = }}
14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20110116/7501/|title=Official Singles Chart Top 100 {{!}} Official Charts Company|website=www.officialcharts.com|access-date=7 December 2016}}
15. ^{{cite journal | author = MTV Staff | date = 8 December 2010 | title = Professor Green & Wiley Involved In Twitter Battle | journal = MTV UK (online) | location = | url = http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/professor-green/news/249253-professor-green-wiley-eminem-twitter-war | access-date = 10 November 2016 | quote = }}
16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedrum.com/news/2011/03/23/puma-signs-professor-green-social-ambassador|title=Puma signs Professor Green as social ambassador|website=The Drum|access-date=6 December 2016}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/at-your-inconvenience/id720116773|title=At Your Inconvenience by Professor Green on Apple Music|website=iTunes|access-date=7 December 2016}}
18. ^{{cite journal | author=Lowe, Zane | date= 13 July 2011 | title=Hottest Record - Professor Green - At Your Inconvenience | journal = BBC | format = blog | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/zanelowe/2011/07/hottest_record_-_professor_gre.html | access-date = 10 November 2016 }}
19. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/20111030/7501/|title=Official Singles Chart Top 100 {{!}} Official Charts Company|website=www.officialcharts.com|access-date=7 December 2016}}
20. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.rapireland.com/professor-green-remix-competition/|title=Professor Green Remix Competition {{!}} RapIreland.com - The Home of Hip-Hop and RnB in Ireland|website=www.rapireland.com|access-date=7 December 2016}}
21. ^{{cite news|author=The Sun |url=http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/showbiz/bizarre/4333028/Beers-59-Prof-Rapper-Professor-Green-is-launching-his-own-ale-called-Remedy-and-hopes-to-rival-P-Diddys-business-skills.html |title=Beer's 5.9% Prof |publisher=The Sun |date= 23 May 2012 |location=London}}
22. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/coke-unveils-ad-relentless-starring-professor-green/1144943|title=Coke unveils ad for Relentless starring Professor Green|access-date=7 December 2016}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/news/professor_green_wows_crowds_at_st_john_at_hackney_church_1_1707515|title=Professor Green wows crowds at St John at Hackney church|first= Syma | last = Mohammed | date = | work = hackneygazette.co.uk | access-date = 10 November 2016}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nme.com/news/slipknot/62851|title=Slipknot's Sid Wilson talks 'dirty and grimy' Professor Green collaboration - NME|author=|date=26 March 2012|work=nme.com|accessdate=10 November 2016}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://soundcloud.com/professorgreen/are-you-getting-enough|title=Professor Green - Are You Getting Enough? (feat. Miles Kane) by Professor Green|publisher=SoundCloud|date=28 May 2013}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/events/ej58q9/acts/abqhzc|title=Glastonbury 2013 - Professor Green|author=|date=|publisher=BBC|accessdate=10 November 2016}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=10152009171825839|author = Professor Green | title=Professor Green|publisher=Facebook|date=17 October 2013 }}{{self-published inline|date=November 2016}}
28. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/Professor-Green-Growing-Up-In-Public/release/6192272|title=Professor Green - Growing Up In Public|website=Discogs|access-date=7 December 2016}}
29. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.nme.com/news/music/professor-green-1200303|title=Professor Green's new song shout-outs Katie Price's son saying 'c*nt' on live TV|date=14 September 2016|newspaper=NME|language=en-US|access-date=7 December 2016}}
30. ^{{Citation|last=professorgreentv|title=Professor Green - Back on the Market (audio)|date=12 September 2016|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G2kDeRhiVRQ|accessdate=7 December 2016}}
31. ^{{Citation|last=ProfessorGreenVEVO|title=Professor Green - One Eye On the Door (Official Video)|date=2016-11-10|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQrW7CQuTe8|accessdate=2017-10-07}}
32. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |url=http://www.barrheadnews.com/news/entertainment/15247581.Professor_Green_urges_fans_to_support_Jeremy_Corbyn_in_election/|title=Professor Green urges fans to support Jeremy Corbyn in election|work= |location=Barhead|publisher=Barrhead News|date=26 April 2017|accessdate=14 June 2017}}
33. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |url=http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/15247581.Professor_Green_urges_fans_to_support_Jeremy_Corbyn_in_election/|title=Professor Green urges fans to support Jeremy Corbyn in election|work= |location=Lancashire |publisher=Lancashire Telegraph|date=26 April 2017|accessdate=14 June 2017}}
34. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/entertainment/music/news/professor-green-urges-fans-to-support-jeremy-corbyn-in-election-35656604.html|title=Professor Green urges fans to support Jeremy Corbyn in election|work= |location=Belfast|publisher=Belfast Telegraph|date=26 April 2017|accessdate=14 June 2017}}
35. ^{{cite news |last=Wilkinson|first=Damon|date=10 Jan 2018 |title=When the rapper met the far-right - Professor Green's dramatic confrontation with Britain First in Rochdale |url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/professor-green-britain-first-rochdale-14137156 |newspaper=Manchester Evening News |access-date=2 February 2018}}
36. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/professor-green-opens-calling-nan-stabbed-2336421 |title=Professor Green opens up about the night he was stabbed |website=NME|date=10 June 2018|author=Anna Matheson |access-date=26 November 2018}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.puma.com/news/puma-x-professor-green-apparel-launch-preview |title=PUMA x Professor Green Apparel Launch PREVIEW |publisher=puma.com |date=16 August 2012 |access-date = 3 October 2012 }}
38. ^{{cite web|title=Made in Chelsea star Millie Mackintosh engaged to rapper|url=http://peeragenews.blogspot.co.uk/2013/03/made-in-chelsea-star-millie-mackintosh.html}}
39. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.weddingideasmag.com/congratulations-to-millie-mackintosh-and-professor-green |author=Rachel Morgan |work= Wedding Ideas |title= Congratulations to Millie Mackintosh and Professor Green! |accessdate=26 November 2018}}
40. ^{{Cite journal |url= https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/millie-mackintosh-professor-green-separate-7409901 |title=Millie Mackintosh and Professor Green Separate After Just Two Years of Marriage |last= Rainbird |first= Ashleigh | date=10 February 2016 |access-date=10 November 2016 |journal= Mirror Online}}
41. ^{{cite news |last=Kirk |first=Tristan |date=25 May 2016 |title=Millie Mackintosh ends marriage to Professor Green with 30-second 'quickie' divorce |url= https://www.standard.co.uk/news/celebritynews/millie-mackintosh-ends-marriage-to-professor-green-with-30second-quickie-divorce-a3256411.html |newspaper=London Evening Standard |access-date= 14 January 2018}}
42. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.capitalfm.com/artists/professor-green/news/car-accident-leg-crushed |title= Professor Green Taken to Hospital with Suspected Broken Leg After Car Accident - Capital FM |publisher= Capital FM |date=25 May 2013 }}
43. ^{{cite book |author1= Professor Green |author2=Stephen Manderson|title=Lucky|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4C-ICgAAQBAJ|date=10 September 2015|publisher=Blink Publishing|isbn=978-1-910536-53-7}}
44. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-34636514 |title=Professor Green 'can't watch' suicide documentary |first=Mark |last= Savage |date=26 October 2015 |publisher=BBC News |access-date= 10 November 2016}}

External links

{{commons category|Professor Green}}
  • {{Official website|http://professorgreen.co.uk}}
  • {{Discogs artist}}
  • Professor Green battle profile on Rap Grid
{{Professor Green}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Professor Green}}

11 : 1983 births|Living people|English pop singers|English male rappers|English male singers|English autobiographers|Labour Party (UK) people|NME Awards winners|People from Hackney Central|Rappers from London|Stabbing survivors

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