| 词条 | Mackinac Island State Park |
| 释义 |
}}{{Infobox protected area | name = Mackinac Island State Park | iucn_category = | map_image = Mackinac Island topographic map-en.svg | map_caption = Map of Mackinac Island showing the state park boundaries | map_width = 280 | location = Mackinac Island, Michigan United States | city = | coordinates = {{coord|45|52|N|84|37|W|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_sqmi = 2.81 | established = 1875 (Mackinac National Park) 1895 (Mackinac Island State Park) | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = Michigan Department of Natural Resources / Mackinac Island State Park Commission{{Infobox NRHP | embed = yes | name = Mackinac Island State Park | nrhp_type = nhldcp | nocat = yes | designated_nrhp_type = October 15, 1966 | partof = Mackinac Island | partof_refnum = 66000397[1] }}}} Mackinac Island State Park is a state park located on Mackinac Island in the U.S. state of Michigan. The island park encompasses 2.81 mi² (7.28 km²), which is approximately 80% of the island's total area of 3.78 mi² (9.78 km²). The park is also within the boundaries of the city of Mackinac Island and has permanent residents within its boundaries. M-185 circles the perimeter of the park as the only motorless highway in the state due to the island's ban of automobiles.[2] The park is governed by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources and the Mackinac Island State Park Commission. On July 15, 2009, the park celebrated its 20 millionth visitor.[3]The park was first established as Mackinac National Park in 1875, which was the second national park established in the United States after Yellowstone National Park. In 1895, it was transferred to state control and reorganized as Mackinac Island State Park, which was the first state park in Michigan. The park contains many important historical and geological features, such as Fort Mackinac, Fort Holmes, other historic buildings, historic sites, limestone caves, and other unique rock formations. The park also operates the Mackinac Island Airport. Many of these sites are formally operated by the Mackinac Island State Park Commission, which also operates two other parks around the Straits of Mackinac area: Colonial Michilimackinac and Historic Mill Creek Discovery Park. War of 1812Mackinac Island played an important role in the War of 1812 between the United States and Canada (then a British colony). Fort Mackinac, upon the island, was built by the British army during the Revolutionary War. The British later relinquished the fort to the Americans in 1796, but then built and maintained a similar fort on nearby St. Joseph Island. The two nations used their island forts in a struggle to maintain supremacy over the waters of northern Lake Huron. As one of the opening actions of the War of 1812, the British captured Fort Mackinac and maintained it as a British stronghold until the end of the war. An American attempt to recapture the fort in 1814 failed in the Battle of Mackinac Island. When the war ended with the Treaty of Ghent in 1815, the island was returned to American control. Information centers
Historic areasHistoric buildings
Sites
Caves and rock formations
Installations
GalleryReferences1. ^{{Cite web |url=http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov |title=NPS Focus |work=National Register of Historic Places |publisher=National Park Service |accessdate=August 2, 2010}} 2. ^{{cite book |title= Michigan's West Coast: Explore the Shore Guide |last=Hutchins |first=Brian |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2005 |publisher= Abri-Press |location=Roscommon, MI |isbn= 0-9760754-9-0 |pages=177 }} 3. ^20 Millionth Visitor Welcomed to Mackinac State Historic Parks July 15, 2009. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001154001/http://news.prnewswire.com/DisplayReleaseContent.aspx?ACCT=104 |date=October 1, 2009 }} External links
| url = http://www.topoquest.com/map.asp?lon=-84.6289&lat=45.8697 | title = Mackinac Island State Park, USGS Saint Ignace (MI) Topo | accessdate = 2008-07-05 | publisher = TopoQuest}}{{Michigan state parks}}{{Authority control}} 10 : Protected areas established in 1875|Archaeological sites in Michigan|Mackinac Island|State parks of Michigan|Museums in Mackinac County, Michigan|Protected areas of Mackinac County, Michigan|Historic district contributing properties in Michigan|Mackinac Island State Park|National Register of Historic Places in Mackinac County, Michigan|Parks on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan |
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