| 词条 | Puerto Rican parakeet |
| 释义 |
| name = Puerto Rican parakeet | image = Aratinga chloroptera maugei.jpg | image_caption = 19th century illustration | status = EX | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Psittacara | species = maugei | authority = Souancé, 1856 | synonyms = Aratinga chloroptera maugei Psittacara chloroptera maugei }} The Puerto Rican parakeet or Puerto Rican conure (Psittacara maugei) was a species of parrot found on Mona Island and possibly in Puerto Rico. DescriptionThe bird was similar to the Hispaniolan parakeet, and prior its extinction, it was for a time considered a subspecies. Its feathers were a duller green, and the red markings on the wing were more extensive.[2][2] EcologyThe bird fed primarily upon seeds, fruits, nuts and berries. It may also have eaten leaf buds and flowers. Nesting took place in hollow trees, old woodpecker holes and arboreal termite nests.[2] BehaviourThe Puerto Rican parakeet was a very gregarious bird, noted for its loud, continuous calling. While the bird was normally cautious, avoiding contact with humans, this lessened while feeding. As the bird often fed in farmers' field upon crops such as maize, this contributed to its widespread hunting.[2] ExtinctionThe last bird was seen in 1882, by W. W. Brown, who collected the specimen which now resides at the Field Museum in Chicago.[3] The date of extinction is not well recorded. It was referred to as still being extant in 1905, but reported as extinct in 1950.[4] Hunting by humans is believed to be the primary cause of extinction.[5] It was noted by James Bond that the bird was seemingly unafraid of gunshots, making it particularly vulnerable to hunting. Bond attributed the bird's extinction to the large number of pigeon hunters who travelled to Mona Island.[3][6] Deforestation of the island may also have played a role.[3] Three specimens of the bird still exist. Beyond the one in the Field Museum, the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum in Leiden and the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris each possess one skin.[3] Although it is believed the species may also have existed on Puerto Rico, all the existing specimens were collected from Mona Island.[4] The specimen in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle is the type specimen.[6] See also{{Portal|Puerto Rico|Biology|Birds}}
References1. ^{{cite web |title=Psittacara chloropterus (Hispaniolan Conure, Hispaniolan Parakeet) |url=http://oldredlist.iucnredlist.org/details/22685695/0 |website=www.iucnredlist.org}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q1655660}}{{DEFAULTSORT:parakeet, Puerto Rican}}2. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1676/14-020.1| title = History, morphology, and fossil record of the extinct Puerto Rican Parakeet Psittacara maugei Souancé| journal = The Wilson Journal of Ornithology| volume = 127| pages = 1| year = 2015| last1 = Olson | first1 = S. L. }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url = http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/naturalis/detail?lang=uk&id=48 | title = Puerto Rico Parakeet | publisher = Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum | accessdate = 2008-12-13 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110608010003/http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/naturalis/detail?lang=uk&id=48 | archivedate = 2011-06-08 | df = }} 4. ^1 {{cite book | title = Biogeography of the West Indies: Patterns and Perspectives | author = Charles Arthur Woods, Florence Etienne Sergile | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2001 | isbn = 0-8493-2001-1 | pages = 182}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite book | title = The Encyclopedia of Vanished Species | last = Day | first = David | year = 1989 | publisher = Mclaren Publishing Limited | place = Hong Kong | isbn = 0-947889-30-2}} 6. ^1 {{cite journal | title = The birds of Mona Island | last = Bond | first = James | publisher = Philadelphia Academy of Sciences | journal = Notulae Naturae | date = May 15, 1946 | issue = 176 | isbn = 1-60483-176-6 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=W0hamB3itZgC }} 7 : Psittacara|Endemic birds of Puerto Rico|Extinct birds of the Caribbean|Bird extinctions since 1500|Extinct animals of the United States|Birds described in 1856|Articles containing video clips |
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