“Pustków Osiedle”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Pustków Osiedle has a population of 2,727, and its history is closely connected with Central Industrial Area, one of the biggest public works projects of the Second Polish Republic. Before the mid-1930s, it did not exist. A small settlement, located in the Sandomierz Forest, was known simply as Pustków. It was the location of the notorious Pustków concentration camp in World War II.^[4]

History

Due to favorable location (near a rail line from Dębica to Tarnobrzeg, and away from large cities), in 1937 first trees were cut some three kilometers ({{convert|3|km|abbr=off|disp=output only}}) south of Pustków. Construction of a Lignoza factory began, together with a settlement for the workers - blocks of flats and villas for managers and engineers. The factory was a branch of Lignoza Corporation from Katowice, and its official name was Lignoza S.A. Katowice - Wytwórnia Pustków. It manufactured ammunition as well as plastic materials. Production started in April 1939, and on September 8, 1939 (see Invasion of Poland), first units of the Wehrmacht entered the settlement. Germans completed the construction of blocks of flats, which they used as military barracks. All machines and plastics were transported into the Third Reich.

In 1940 - 1944, a German labor camp (SS Truppenubungsplatz Heidelager Pustków) existed near Pustków - Osiedle. Altogether, some 15,000 Jews, Poles and Soviet POWs were murdered here. Prisoners were forced to work on the development of the V-2 rocket, and the SS controlled the area stretching from Mielec to Kolbuszowa. The camp existed until July 23, 1944, it is commemorated by a monument, located on the so-called Hill of Death (Góra Śmierci whose real name is Mount "Królowa Góra").^[5]

Economy

After World War II, the factory was expanded, and production of plastic was initiated in 1946. In the People's Republic of Poland, the plant, called Zakłady Tworzyw Sztucznych ERG Pustków (Plastic Works ERG Pustków), manufactured glue, polyester resin, bakelite, laminates and other plastics. Together with the plant, the settlement expanded, with new blocks of flats, hostel for workers, house of culture with a cinema, health center, swimming pool and sports facilities of sports club Chemik, established in 1954. In 1992, Plastic Works ERG Pustków were privatized. In 2009, the plant was renamed into Lerg SA.

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa |title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) – TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal) |date=2008-06-01 |language=Polish}}
2. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.sztetl.org.pl/pl/article/pustkow/3,historia-miejscowosci/ | title=Pustków. Lokalizacja. Historia. | publisher=Muzeum Historii Żydów Polskich Sztetl.org | year=2013 | accessdate=12 August 2013}}
3. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.wrota.podkarpackie.pl/res/bip/gminy/debica/strategia/plan_rozwoju_lokalnego.pdf | title=Gmina Debica. Plan rozwoju lokalnego | publisher=Rzeszowska Agencja Rozwoju Regionalnego | date=June 2004 | accessdate=12 August 2013 | author=R.A.R.R. | page=6 | language=Polish}}
4. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/pustkow/pus001.html | title=Pustków. The Almost Forgotten Death Camp | publisher=JewishGen, Yizkor Book Project | year=2013 | accessdate=12 August 2013 | author=William Leibner}}
5. ^{{cite web | url=http://blizna.ovh.org/pustkow/pustkow.htm | title=Poligon - Blizna | publisher=Bizna OVH.org | work=Teren obozu zaglady w Pustkowie | year=2013 | accessdate=12 August 2013 | author=Staff writer | language=Polish | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226212501/http://blizna.ovh.org/pustkow/pustkow.htm | archivedate=26 February 2009 | df= }}