| 词条 | Magdi Yacoub |
| 释义 |
|name =Sir Magdi Habib Yacoub |image =M Yacoub.JPG |caption = |birth_date ={{birth date and age|df=yes|1935|11|16}} |birth_place =Bilbeis, Arab Republic of Egypt |death_date = |death_place = |nationality =Egyptian/British |profession =Surgeon |specialism =Cardiothoracic surgery; heart transplantation |research_field = |known_for =Heart and heart{{endash}}lung transplants |years_active = |education =Cairo University |work_institutions =University of Chicago Harefield Hospital of Imperial College London |prizes = Order of Merit Knight Bachelor Order of the Nile |relations = |Spouse = |Religion =irrelevant |Debt=Christian}}Sir Magdi Habib Yacoub {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|OM|FRS}} ({{lang-ar|د/مجدى حبيب يعقوب}} {{IPA-arz|ˈmæɡdi ħæˈbiːb jæʕˈʔuːb|}}; born 16 November 1935) is a Coptic[1] Egyptian-British cardiothoracic surgeon. He is Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Imperial College London.[2][3][4][5] He was involved in the restart of British heart transplantation in 1980 (there had been a moratorium following the series of three performed by Donald Ross in 1968), carried out the first British live lobe lung transplant and went on to perform more transplants than any other surgeon in the world. He is also the head of Magdi Yacoub heart foundation, which launched Aswan Heart project.[6] A 1980 patient, Derrick Morris, was Europe's longest surviving heart transplant recipient until his death in July 2005. This record was superseded by John McCafferty who received a transplant at Harefield Hospital in Middlesex on 20 October 1982 and survived over 33 years, until 10 February 2016. He was recognised as the world's longest surviving heart transplant patient by Guinness World Records in 2013. [7] A March 1978 (Harefield Hospital) heart by-pass patient continues to live a very active and fruitful life (January 2019). Early life and careerThe son of a surgeon, Yacoub was born on 16 November 1935 in Bilbeis, Al Sharqia, Egypt. He studied at Cairo University and qualified as a doctor in 1957. He reportedly said he decided to specialise in heart surgery after an aunt died of heart disease in her early 20s. He moved to Britain in 1962, then taught at the University of Chicago. He became a consultant cardiothoracic surgeon at Harefield Hospital in 1973. As a visiting professor to the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Yacoub, Fabian Udekwu, C.H Anyanwu, FRCS and others performed the first open heart surgery in Nigeria in 1974.[8] The Harefield Transplant ProgrammeUnder Yacoub's leadership, the Harefield Hospital transplant programme began in 1980 and by the end of the decade he and his team had performed 1000 of the procedures and Harefield Hospital had become the leading UK transplant centre. During this period there was an increase in post-operative survival rates, a reduction in the recovery periods spent in isolation and in the financial cost of each procedure. To remove donor hearts, he would travel thousands of miles each year in small aircraft or helicopters. Most of his patients received treatment under the National Health Service, but some private foreign patients were also treated. In December 1983 Yacoub performed the UK's first heart and lung transplant at Harefield.[9] He was appointed professor at the National Heart and Lung Institute in 1986, and was involved in the development of the techniques of heart and heart-lung transplantation. Andreas Papandreou open heart surgery at Harefield and popularity in GreeceBetween August and October 1988 Greek Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou was hospitalized at Harefield, which he entered at a very critical condition, and Yacoub performed an open heart triple bypass surgery on the Prime Minister, saving his life.[10][11] Yacoub has since become famous in Greece (Papandreou's health problems and surgery were the top news stories in Greece for months), and Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou himself said that Yacoub saved him.[12] Recent workHaving retired from performing surgery for the National Health Service in 2001 at the age of 65, Yacoub continues to act as a high-profile consultant and ambassador for the benefits of transplant surgery. He continues to operate on children through his charity, Chain of Hope. In 2006 he briefly came out of retirement to advise on a complicated procedure which required removing a transplant heart from a patient whose own heart had recovered. The patient's original heart had not been removed during transplant surgery nearly a decade earlier in the hope it might recover.[13] In April 2007, it was reported that a British medical research team led by Yacoub had grown part of a human heart valve , from stem cells; a first.[14] Other activities and achievementsYacoub's achievements include:
He is also notable for saving many lives by pioneering a technique for 'switching' the heart vessels of babies born with transposition of the great arteries, a congenital heart defect in which the two major vessels carrying blood out of the heart, the aorta and the pulmonary artery, are switched. In 1994 he founded the charity Chain in Hope (www.chainofhope.org). This charity aims to provide children suffering from life-threatening disease with the corrective surgery and treatment to which they do not have access. Among celebrities whose lives he extended was the comedian Eric Morecambe. He was also known to have treated the famous Egyptian actor Omar Sharif, urging the latter to give up the cigarettes that had led to his heart attack. In 2002, he was selected to head a government recruitment drive for overseas doctors. He has had a house named after him at The Petchey Academy which opened in September 2006. He is one of few masters and teachers in the world of the highly technically demanding "Ross Procedure". He established the Aswan Heart Center in April 2009.[15] Honours and awards
Yacoub was knighted in the 1992 New Year Honours and awarded the Order of Merit by HM The Queen in the 2014 New Year Honours.[17] Guinness World recordJohn McCafferty, an Englishman, received his new heart on 20 October 1982 in a procedure carried out by Yacoub.[18] {{as of|2013|12}} McCafferty entered the record books as the world's longest-surviving heart transplant patient, surpassing the previous Guinness World Record of 30 years, 11 months and 10 days set by an American man who died in 2009.[19] References1. ^{{cite web |last1=Bibi-Aisha |first1=Wadvalla |title=Religious bias in Egypt's universities |url=https://www.natureasia.com/en/nmiddleeast/article/10.1038/nmiddleeast.2011.51 |website=Nature Middle East |accessdate=6 December 2018}} 2. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Burke | first1 = K. | title = Overseas talent can help us build a better NHS, says Magdi Yacoub | journal = BMJ (Clinical research ed.) | volume = 324 | issue = 7337 | pages = 565 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11884312 | pmc = 1122503 | doi=10.1136/bmj.324.7337.565/c}} 3. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Bonn | first1 = D. | title = Magdi Yacoub: A surgeon and a scientist | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)82027-9 | journal = The Lancet | volume = 355 | issue = 9202 | pages = 474–475 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10841138 | pmc = }} 4. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Yacoub | first1 = M. | title = Pioneers in cardiology: Sir Magdi Yacoub | url = http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/113/12/f45| journal = Circulation | volume = 113 | issue = 12 | pages = f46–f47 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16570370}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Rosenthal | first1 = N. | title = Taking translational research to heart: An interview with Sir Magdi Yacoub | doi = 10.1242/dmm.004176 | journal = Disease Models & Mechanisms | volume = 2 | issue = 9–10 | pages = 433–435 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19726801 | pmc = }} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://aswanheartcentre.com/|title=Home - Aswan Heart Center|website=aswanheartcentre.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-02-09}} 7. ^{{Cite |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/12151507/Longest-surviving-heart-transplant-patient-dies.html|title= The Telegraph - John McCafferty Longest Living Heart Transplantation Survival|website=www.telegraph.co.uk|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-02-09}} 8. ^John C. Eze, Ndubueze Ezemba, [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1847931/ Open-Heart Surgery in Nigeria Indications and Challenges], Tex Heart Inst J. 2007; 34(1): 8–10. 9. ^{{cite |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/6/newsid_2535000/2535149.stm |title=Transplant makes British medical history |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=19 September 2014 |work=On This Day |date=6 December 1983}} 10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/nation-waits-as-papandreou-weakens-1584173.html|title=Nation waits as Papandreou weakens|date=1995-11-29|work=The Independent|access-date=2018-03-17|language=en-GB}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12056966.Surgeon_in_bid_to_save_ailing_leader_British_doctor_says_Papandreou_still_has_chance/|title=Surgeon in bid to save ailing leader British doctor says Papandreou still has chance|website=HeraldScotland|language=en|access-date=2018-03-17}} 12. ^Kostas Tsimas, Selides Zois: Agones gia tin Eleftheria kai tin Dimokratia, 2004, 13. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4904914.stm|title=Revolutionary heart op for girl |accessdate=23 November 2007 |work=Health |publisher=BBC News |date=13 April 2006}} 14. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2007/apr/02/stemcells.genetics|title=British team grows human heart valve from stem cells |accessdate=23 November 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London |first=Alok | last=Jha |date=2 April 2007}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.chainofhope.org/countries/4|title=What we do|website=Chain of Hope|language=en|access-date=2018-03-17}} 16. ^From the municipality of Bergamo website 17. ^{{London Gazette|issue=60728 |supp=y|page=2|date=31 December 2013}} 18. ^Pioneering heart transplant patient who was given five years to live dies THIRTY THREE years later (and not from heart disease) 19. ^{{cite news |last1=Prynne |first1=Miranda |title=Brit sets new record for longest surviving heart transplant patient |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/10537129/Brit-sets-new-record-for-longest-surviving-heart-transplant-patient.html |accessdate=19 September 2014 |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=24 December 2013 |location=United Kingdom}} External links
15 : 1935 births|Living people|Knights Bachelor|Members of the Order of Merit|Egyptian transplant surgeons|Fellows of the Royal Society|Members of the French Academy of Sciences|Egyptian emigrants to the United Kingdom|People from Sharqia Governorate|Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom|British transplant surgeons|20th-century British medical doctors|21st-century British medical doctors|Egyptian cardiologists|Egyptian people of Coptic descent |
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