| 词条 | Pyotraumatic dermatitis |
| 释义 |
SignsThe dog persistently licks, chews, scratches or rubs at a focal area of skin,[4] which quickly causes hair loss.[1] The skin becomes red, moist and weeps.[1] The affected area is obviously defined and separate from the surrounding healthy skin and coat.[1] Usually only one area of the skin is affected.[1] The size of the affected area is variable.[9] If the area is difficult for the dog to itch, or if the disease is caught early, hair may still be present.[9] Areas commonly affected include the rump above the tail, the head and neck near the ears, and the top and sides of the lumbar area.[9] CausePyotraumatic dermatitis is caused by self-inflicted trauma to the skin, which is incited by pain or irritation, such as infestation with fleas or lice,[12] irritation from clippers,[9] allergic skin diseases,[12] diseases of the anal sacs,[12] inflammation of the ear canal,[12] foreign bodies or irritants within the coat,[12] or pain in muscles or joints.[2] Skin maceration from repeated wetting of the coat or moisture in the fur can also be an inciting cause.[9] Flea infestations are the most common inciting factor.[1] The inciting factor causes the dog to traumatize a small area of skin.[3] The affected skin weeps (that is, it exudes serum),[9] and this moist surface layer of skin can become colonized by bacteria, although the skin itself is not infected.[2] The affected area is usually painful, as nerve endings are exposed when the surface of the skin is eroded.[24] Hair which remains in the affected area holds in the moisture and further irritates the skin surface.[4] Continued itching by the dog can cause the affected area to enlarge rapidly in only a few hours.[2] Pyotraumatic dermatitis is more common when the dog's environment is hot and humid.[9] Dogs with thick undercoats or long fur are most commonly affected,[1] but pyotraumatic dermatitis can occur in any dog.[2] Commonly affected breeds include the Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever, German Shepherd and St. Bernard.[2] TreatmentThere are several aspects to treatment: breaking the "itch-scratch" cycle by clipping the fur and cleaning the skin;[5] addressing the underlying painful or itchy condition which initially caused the animal to begin scratching;[3] and relieving the dog's discomfort, for example with steroid medications.[6] The hair in and around the affected area is clipped before the skin is cleaned with an antiseptic, rinsed, and dried.[6] The dog may require sedation before the fur is clipped, as skin affected by pyotraumatic dermatitis can be painful.[6] With treatment, pyotraumatic dermatitis resolves in 3–7 days, but can recur if the inciting factor is not addressed.[6] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite book|last1=Hnilica|first1=Keith A.|last2=Patterson|first2=Adam P.|title=Small Animal Dermatology: A Color Atlas and Therapeutic Guide|date=2016|publisher=Elsevier|location=St. Louis, Missouri|isbn=978-0-323-37651-8|pages=49-50|edition=4th|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xT_UDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA49|chapter=Chapter 3. Bacterial skin diseases. Pyotraumatic dermatitis}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite book|last1=Miller|first1=William H., Jr.|last2=Griffin|first2=Craig E.|last3=Campbell|first3=Karen L.|title=Muller & Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology|date=2013|publisher=Elsevier|location=St. Louis, Missouri|isbn=9781416000280|pages=677-678|edition=7th|chapter=Pyotraumatic dermatitis}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book|editor-last1=Schaer|editor-first1=Michael|editor-last2=Gaschen|editor-first2=Frederic P.|title=Clinical Medicine of the Dog and Cat|publisher=CRC Press|last=Lewis |first=Diane T.|isbn=9781482226072|page=779|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DBRjDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA779|date=2016|chapter=Chapter 18 Dermatologic disorders. Pyotraumatic dermatitis}} 4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QEf_kvw53fgC&pg=PA214|title=Poodles For Dummies |author=Susan M. Ewing |publisher= |date= |accessdate=December 29, 2012}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Moriello|first1=Karen A.|title=Small Animal Dermatology|date=2011|publisher=CRC Press|location=London|isbn=9781840766356|page=90|edition=6th, rev.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WfIyoF2bfhoC&pg=PA90}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite book|last1=Tim|first1=Nuttall|last2=Harvey|first2=Richard G.|last3=McKeever|first3=Patrick J.|title=Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat a Colour Handbook|date=2009|publisher=CRC Press|location=London|isbn=978-1-84076-539-7|page=18|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CvHazimbX5oC&pg=PA18|chapter=Chapter 1: Pruritic dermatoses. Pyotraumatic dermatitis}}
2 : Dog diseases|Cat diseases |
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