| 词条 | Mahone Bay, Nova Scotia |
| 释义 |
| official_name = Mahone Bay | other_name = | native_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = Town | motto = "A Treasure Since 1754" | image_skyline = The_Churches_of_Mahone_Bay,_NS.jpg | image_caption = The Famous Three Churches of Mahone Bay | image_flag = | image_seal = Mahone Bay NS logo.png | image_shield = | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Nova Scotia | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Nova Scotia | pushpin_mapsize = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{CAN}} | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = {{NS}} | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name2 = Lunenburg County | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = David Devenne[1] | leader_title1 = Governing Body | leader_name1 = Mahone Bay Town Council | leader_title2 = MLA | leader_name2 = Suzanne Lohnes-Croft Liberal | leader_title3 = MP | leader_name3 = Bernadette Jordan (L) | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1754 | established_title2 = Incorporated | established_date2 = March 31, 1919 | established_title3 = | established_date3 = | area_magnitude = | area_footnotes = (2016)[2] | area_total_km2 = 3.12 | population_as_of = 2016 | population_footnotes = [2] | population_note = | population_total = 1036 | population_density_km2 = 332.1 | timezone = AST | utc_offset = -4 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coordinates = {{coord|44|26|56|N|64|22|55|W|region:CA-NS|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_min_m = 0 | elevation_max_m = 24 | postal_code_type = Postal code span | postal_code = B0J | area_code = 902 | blank_name = Telephone Exchanges | blank_info = 521, 624, 627 | blank1_name = Median household income (2005) | blank1_info = $36,374 | blank2_name = Total private dwellings | blank2_info = 571 | blank3_name = NTS Map | blank3_info = | blank4_name = GNBC Code | blank4_info = | website = townofmahonebay.ca | footnotes = }}Mahone Bay is a town on the northwest shore of Mahone Bay along the South Shore of Nova Scotia in Lunenburg County. A long standing picturesque tourism destination, the town has recently enjoyed a growing reputation as a haven for entrepreneurs and business startups.[3] The town has the fastest growing population of any municipality in Nova Scotia according to the 2016 census, experiencing 9.9% population growth.[4] HistoryThe end of glaciation began 13,500 years ago[5] and ended with the region becoming largely ice free 11,000 years ago. The earliest evidence of Palaeo-Indian settlement in the region follows rapidly after deglaciation.[6] Several thousand years ago the territory of the province became known a part of the territory of the Mi'kmaq nation of Mi'kma'ki. Mi'kma'ki includes what is now the Maritimes, parts of Maine, Newfoundland and the Gaspé Peninsula. The Mi'kmaq lived in an annual cycle of seasonal movement between living in dispersed interior winter camps and larger coastal communities during the summer, including many cites up and down the south shore of Nova Scotia. The town of Mahone Bay is in the traditional Mi'kmaw district of Sipekni'katik. In 1605, French colonists established the first permanent European settlement in the future Canada (and the first north of Florida) at Port Royal, founding what would become known as Acadia.[7][8] The survival of the Acadian settlements was based on successful cooperation with the region's Indigenous peoples. [9] While an attempt was briefly made to found a French colony at LaHave, the effort failed [10] and few significant Acadian communities of more a few families existed on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia during British expansion into the area.[11] Upon the outbreak of Father Le Loutre's War, on October 5, 1749, Governor Edward Cornwallis sent Commander White with troops in the 20-gun sloop Sphinx to the Acadian town of Mirligueche and had the village destroyed.[12] In 1753, three years into Father Le Loutre's War, John Creighton and Jean-Baptiste Moreau (clergyman) led the group of Foreign Protestants stationed in Halifax to resettle Mirliguèche, naming the new British colony Lunenburg.[13] Mahone Bay was first settled by the British shortly after the founding Lunenburg. The first to arrive were those who lived in town of Lunenberg and had farm lots throughout the peninsula, including Mahone Bay. The arrived under the leadership of Ephraim Cook (mariner). The people who settled on the Lunenburg Peninsula, including the present-day village of Mahone Bay, were foreign protestants who were German, Swiss, and Montbéliardais settlers.[14] During the French and Indian War (which included the Expulsion of the Acadians), there were nine Native and Acadian (Catholic) raids against the protestant settlers on the Lunenburg Peninsula. The French, Acadians and natives were resisting the British control over Nova Scotia and Acadia. One such raid – the Raid on Lunenburg (1756) – happened just off the shores of Mahone Bay on present-day Covey Island and [John] Rous Island. Another raid happened on 24 August 1758 in the village of Mahone Bay, when eight Mi'kmaq attacked the family homes of Lay and Brant. While they killed three people in the raid, the Mi'kmaq were unsuccessful in taking their scalps, which was the common practice for payment from the French.[15] During the War of 1812, the American privateer schooner {{ship||Young Teazer}} was trapped off the shores of Mahone Bay by {{HMS|Hogue|1811|6}}. To avoid capture, a crew member of Young Teazer destroyed his own ship, killing most of the crew.[16] The town prospered with wooden shipbuilding in the 19th century. While shipbuilding decline with the arrival of steel and steam vessels, Mahone Bay became known for its boatbuilding. World Wars I and II brought brief revivals of shipbuilding with construction of schooners, tugboats and barges. After the war, the shipyard became known for innovative production of moulded plywood boats. Later on, Paceship Yachts built fibreglass sailboats, such as the Paceship 20, designed in 1970. TodayThe town is also known for a history of wooden boat building, it was the main industry of Mahone Bay in its earlier years. The Mahone Bay Museum explains and shows this history in detail. Until recent years the town's shipbuilding and boatbuilding heritage was celebrated by the "Mahone Bay Wooden Boat Festival". The view across the harbour is of three prominent churches: St James' Anglican; St John's Evangelical Lutheran; and Trinity United. It has become an iconic image of Nova Scotia, frequently photographed and featured on postcards and calendars.[17] The town has a number of upscale shops and restaurants which almost universally are designed to appeal to the tourist trade, and sometimes shut down during the winter months.{{Citation needed|date=November 2007}} The town also has a plastics factory. Demographics{{stack|{{Historical populations|align=none |cols=2 |1901|866 |1911|951 |1921|1177 |1931|1065 |1941|1025 |1951|1019 |1956|1109 |1961|1103 |1981|1228 |1986|1093 |1991|1096 |1996|1017 |2001|991 |2006|904 |2011|943 |2016|1036 |footnote=[18][19][20][21][22]}}}} In the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Town of Mahone Bay recorded a population of 1,036 living in 501 of its 571 total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:1036-943}}|943|1}} from its 2011 population of 943. With a land area of {{convert|3.12|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|1036|3.12|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2016.[23] GovernmentThe Town of Mahone Bay governed by a Council composed of a Mayor and six Councillors elected at-large. [24] The mayor is David DeVenne.[25] Day to day activities are managed by a Chief Administrative Officer (CAO) who is accountable to Council.[26] Municipal governments in Nova Scotia are elected every four years and the most recent round of elections took place on October 15, 2016.[27] The provincial legislation that creates and empowers the municipality is the Nova Scotia Municipal Government Act.[28] Municipal Council is responsible for all facets of the municipal government, including directly delivered and shared or regional services. Directly delivered services include services such fire, public works, roads, as well as the municipally owned and operated electrical and water utilities. The municipality participates in shared services, such as library services and policing. The town's municipal operating budget was $2.7 million, and the town owned electric light utility of $1.9 million and water utility of $575 thousand resulted in a total proposed budget of $5.2 million in the 2017/18 fiscal year.[29] Mahone Bay is represented by one riding in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly and shares representation with one riding in Canada's House of Commons. See also
References1. ^Mayor's Welcome - Town of Mahone Bay 2. ^ 3. ^{{cite web|title=Mahone Bay, Shelburne, Bridgewater are the little towns that could|url=http://thechronicleherald.ca/nowns/continuousimprovement/1482930-mahone-bay-shelburne-bridgewater-are-the-little-towns-that-could|website=Chronicle Herald|publisher=Saltwire Publishing|accessdate=31 March 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census Mahone Bay, Town [Census subdivision]|url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1206008&Geo2=PR&Code2=12&Data=Count&SearchText=Mahone%20Bay&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=1206008&TABID=1|website=Statistics Canada|publisher=Government of Canada|accessdate=31 March 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Stea|first1=Robert|title=Deglaciation of Nova Scotia: Stratigraphy and chronology of lake sediment cores and buried organic sections|url=https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/gpq/1998-v52-n1-gpq155/004871ar.pdf|website=erudit|publisher=Géographie physique et Quaternaire|accessdate=30 March 2018|date=1998}} 6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Lothrop|first1=Jonathon|title=Early Human Settlement of Northeastern North America|journal=Paleoamerica|volume=2|issue=3|pages=192–251|doi=10.1080/20555563.2016.1212178|year=2016}} 7. ^{{cite book|first= Desmond|last= Morton|title= Canada: A Millennium Portrait|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=GOxGQZg0KtoC&pg=PT19|date= November 30, 1999|publisher= Dundurn|isbn= 978-1-4597-1085-6|page= 19}} 8. ^Nova Scotia Archives – An Acadian Parish Remembered {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116002459/http://www.gov.ns.ca/nsarm/virtual/acadian/# |date=2013-01-16 }}. Gov.ns.ca (December 1, 2009). Retrieved on 2013-07-12. 9. ^Buckner, P. and Reid J. (eds), The Atlantic Region to Confederation: A History, Toronto University Press. 1994. 10. ^{{cite book|last=Griffiths|first=N.E.S.|author-link=Naomi E. S. Griffiths|title=From Migrant to Acadian: A North American Border People, 1604-1755|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cG4wSmIlziYC&pg=PP1|year=2005|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|isbn=978-0-7735-2699-0|pp=54–55}} 11. ^{{cite book|last=Brodhead|first=John Romeyn|author-link=John Romeyn Brodhead|title=Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York|volume=Vol. 10|location=Albany|publisher=Weed, Parsons and Co.|date=1858|url=https://archive.org/details/documentsrelativ10brod/page/10|p=10}} 12. ^Grenier, John. The Far Reaches of Empire: War in Nova Scotia, 1710–1760. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. 2008. Pp. 152; Expeditions of Honour: Journal of John Salusbury in Halifax, Nova Scotia, 1749–53. Edited by Ronald Ropkey. University of Delaware Press. 1982.p.68 13. ^Lunenburg's Foreign Protestant settlers came during the same wave of immigration that produced the Pennsylvania Dutch. 14. ^Among the settlers were the Hyson, Zwicker, Keddy, Eisenhauer/Eisner, Weinacht/Whynot, Ernst, and Veinot families. All these names can be found in the area today. The old cemetery, known as Bayview Cemetery, has some 18th-century slate gravestones engraved in German. 15. ^{{cite book|last = Bell|first = Wintrop Packard|title = The "Foreign Protestants" and the Settlement of Nova Scotia: The History of a Piece of Arrested British Colonial Policy in the Eighteenth Century|publisher = University of Toronto Press|year = 1961|page = 511}} 16. ^Archibald MecMechan. Sagas of the Sea. 17. ^{{cite book|first1 = Elizabeth|last1 = Pacey|first2 = Alvin|last2 = Comiter|title = Landmarks: Historic Buildings in Nova Scotia|publisher = Nimbus Publishing|year = 1994|page = 74|isbn = 978-1-55109-071-9}} 18. ^ , Censuses 1871-1931 19. ^ , Census 1941-1951 20. ^Census 1951-1961 21. ^ , Census 1961 22. ^ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005011332/http://www.gov.ns.ca/finance/publish/CENSUS/Census%201.pdf# |date=2013-10-05 }}, Censuses 1981-2001 23. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm?Lang=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=86&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=12 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Nova Scotia) | publisher=Statistics Canada | date=February 8, 2017 | accessdate=February 12, 2017}} 24. ^{{cite web|title=Town Government|url=https://www.townofmahonebay.ca/town-government.html|website=Town of Mahone Bay|publisher=Town of Mahone Bay|accessdate=31 March 2018}} 25. ^{{cite web|title=Mayor's Welcome|url=https://www.townofmahonebay.ca/mayors-welcome.html|website=Town of Mahone Bay|publisher=Town of Mahone Bay|accessdate=31 March 2018}} 26. ^{{cite web|title=Town Government|url=https://www.townofmahonebay.ca/town-government.html|website=Town of Mahone Bay|publisher=Town of Mahone Bay|accessdate=31 March 2018}} 27. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/municipal-election-mayors-towns-county-municipality-district-1.3807237 | title=Here are all the mayors elected in Nova Scotia's municipal election | CBC News}} 28. ^https://nslegislature.ca/sites/default/files/legc/statutes/municipal%20government.pdf "Municipal Government Act" 29. ^{{cite web|title=Proposed 2017/18 Operating Budget|url=https://www.townofmahonebay.ca/municipal-documents-1/780-2017-18-operating-budget/file.html|website=Town of Mahone Bay|publisher=Town of Mahone Bay|accessdate=31 March 2018}} External links{{Commons category}}
3 : General Service Areas in Nova Scotia|Communities in Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia|Towns in Nova Scotia |
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