| 词条 | Maid of the Mist |
| 释义 |
The Maid of the Mist is a boat tour of Niagara Falls, starting and ending on the American side, crossing briefly into Ontario during a portion of the trip. (The actual boats used are also named Maid of the Mist, followed by a different Roman numeral in each case.) The boat starts off at a calm part of the Niagara River, near the Rainbow Bridge, and takes its passengers past the American and Bridal Veil Falls, then into the dense mist of spray inside the curve of the Horseshoe Falls, also known as the Canadian Falls. HistoryThe original Maid of the Mist was built at a landing near Niagara Falls on the American side of the border.[1] The boat was christened in 1846 as a border-crossing ferry;[2] its first trip was on September 18, 1846.[3] The two-stage barge-like steamer was designed primarily as a link for a proposed ferry service between New York City and Toronto. It was a 72-foot-long side-wheeler with an 18-foot beam which was powered by steam produced from a wood- and coal-fired boiler. It could carry up to 100 passengers.[4] The ferry did well until 1848, when the opening of a suspension bridge between the United States and Canada cut into the ferry traffic. It was then that the owners decided to make the journey a sightseeing trip, plotting a journey closer to the Falls. The present day Maid of the Mist Corporation was formed in 1884 by Captain R. F. Carter and Frank LaBlond,[5] who invested in a new Maid that would launch in 1885.[6][7] Captain Carter and Mr. LaBlond hired Alfred H. White from Port Robinson, Ontario to build the new ship.{{Citation needed|date=February 2018}} A letter in the archives of the Buffalo Historical Society from Mr. LaBlond to Alfred White says that they are well pleased with the vessel and asks Alfred to add a wale onto the boat.{{Citation needed|date=February 2018}} Russel Brothers of Owen Sound, Ont. made two all steel Maids for the Niagara Falls gorge, in 1955 and 1956.[8] The first one is now based in Parry Sound, Ont. and runs dinner cruises and day excursions. The second Maid was sold in 1983 to the United Pentecostal Church of Ontario and destined for missionary service in the Amazon. Maid of the Mist II took part in the 9 July 1960, rescue of Roger Woodward, a seven-year-old boy who became the first person to survive a plunge over the Horseshoe Falls with nothing but a life jacket. Maid of the Mist II served as a Maid of the Mist until 1983. Subsequently she was relocated to the Amazon River, where she served as a missionary ship for some years.[9]Access to the river-level attraction on the Canadian side was provided by the Maid of the Mist Incline Railway, a funicular railway, between 1894 and 1990, to travel between street level and the boat dock.[10] As this service proved increasingly inadequate in transporting the growing passenger base of the 1990s, four high-speed elevators replaced the railway in 1991. On the American side, the dock is reached by four elevators enclosed in the observation tower.[11] The service is run by Maid of the Mist Corp. of Niagara Falls, New York. Maid of the Mist has been owned by the Glynn family since 1971.[12] James V. Glynn is chairman and chief executive officer of Maid of the Mist Corp. Glynn joined Maid of the Mist in 1950 as a ticket seller, and purchased the company in 1971. During his tenure, Maid of the Mist expanded operations, achieving ten-fold growth.{{Citation needed|date=January 2018}} A partial history of Maid of the Mist is featured in the IMAX film Miracles, Myths and Magic.[13] Notable passengersWhile on his 1860 tour of Canada, Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII), rode on Maid of the Mist.[14] In June 1952, Marilyn Monroe rode the Maid of the Mist while in Niagara Falls to film the movie Niagara.[15][16] In 1991 The Prince and Princess of Wales, and their two young sons, Princes William and Harry, rode on Maid of the Mist.[17] Mikhail Gorbachev was a passenger in 1983.[12]BoatsMaid of the Mist I[18]
A second Maid of the Mist I was built in 1854{{cn|date=October 2017}}
Maid of the Mist I, this one sailed closer to Horseshoe Falls than any had previously.{{cn|date=October 2017}}
These boats sailed the lower river until April 22, 1955, when they burned in a pre-season accident. Later that year, they were replaced by two new ships. The type and style of the boats is still seen today; they were made of steel and powered by diesel engines. Maid of the Mist I{{cn|date=October 2017}}
Maid of the Mist II{{cn|date=October 2017}}
More ships have been added to the fleet. Maid of the Mist III
See also
References1. ^{{cite book|author=John Brandt Mansfield|title=History of the Great Lakes ...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iHXhAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA652|year=1899|publisher=J.H. Beers & Company|pages=652–}} 2. ^{{cite book|author1=Barbara Hopkinson|author2=Lorraine Johnson|title=Top 10 Toronto|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kJsnP1ChP1UC&pg=PT57|date=1 May 2013|publisher=DK Publishing|isbn=978-1-4654-1230-0|pages=57–}} 3. ^{{cite book|author=John Disturnell|title=A trip through the lakes of North America: embracing a full description of the St. Lawrence River, together with all the principal places on its banks, from its source to its mouth ; commerce of the lakes, etc. ; forming altogether a complete guide for the pleasure traveler and emigrant ; with maps and embellishments|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LDjb4rINsvQC&pg=PA213|year=1857|publisher=Published by J. Disturnell|pages=213–}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Willard V. Anderson|title=Ships and the Sea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xgcmAAAAMAAJ|year=1954|publisher=Kalmbach Publishing Company}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Niagara Parks Commission (Ont.)|title=Annual Report of the Niagara Parks Commission|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-z9JAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA137|year=1896|publisher=Niagara Parks Commission|pages=137–}} 6. ^http://www.nemoha.org/2900436/data 7. ^{{cite book|author1=Gene Buel|author2=Scott Buel|title=Marine City|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gP32FPRY1tIC&pg=PA118|year=2012|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-0-7385-9180-3|pages=118–}} 8. ^{{cite web| url = http://russelbrothers.ca/xradiumcruiser.html| title = Russel Brothers Boats Archive| publisher = Steve Briggs| author = Steve Briggs| date = 2018}} 9. ^http://greatlakes.bgsu.edu/vessel/view/003515 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.niagaraparks.com/attractions/incline-railway-history.html |title=Niagaraparks.com |publisher=Niagaraparks.com |date= |accessdate=2011-06-07}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.niagarafallsstatepark.com/Activities_ObservationTower.aspx |title=Niagarafallsstatepark.com |publisher=Niagarafallsstatepark.com |date= |accessdate=2011-06-07}} 12. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/24/nyregion/at-niagara-falls-maid-of-the-mist-tour-fleet-is-endangered.html|title=Unclear Future for Mainstay of Niagara Mist|date=24 May 2012|website=The New York Times}} 13. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.imaxniagara.com/IMAX-theater/the-movie.cfm | title = The Niagara Falls Movie: "Legends and Daredevils" | publisher = IMAX Theater | location = Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080602082840/http://www.imaxniagara.com/IMAX-theater/the-movie.cfm | archive-date=June 2, 2008 }} 14. ^{{cite book|author=Ian Walter Radforth|title=Royal Spectacle: The 1860 Visit of the Prince of Wales to Canada and the United States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zlY7dvhHRksC&pg=PA300|year=2004|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-0-8020-8665-5|pages=300–}} 15. ^http://www.torontosun.com/2014/03/05/marilyn-monroes-room-at-the-crowne-plaza 16. ^https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/maid-of-the-mist-in-peril-bidding-war-over-niagara-falls-tour-service-raises-concerns-over-what-will-become-of-the-iconic-name 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.niagaraparks.com/nfgg/famous_visitors.php |title=Famous Visitors |publisher=Niagara Parks |date= |accessdate=2011-06-07}} 18. ^{{cite book|author=Edwin C. Guillet|title=Early Life in Upper Canada|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=APw2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT78|date=15 December 1933|publisher=University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division|isbn=978-1-4875-9803-7|pages=78–}} 19. ^Results for Vessel: Maid of the Mist III, United States Coast Guard Maritime Information eXchange (CGMIX) 20. ^Results for Vessel: Maid of the Mist IV, United States Coast Guard Maritime Information eXchange (CGMIX) 21. ^Results for Vessel: Maid of the Mist V, United States Coast Guard Maritime Information eXchange (CGMIX) 22. ^Results for Vessel: Maid of the Mist VI, United States Coast Guard Maritime Information eXchange (CGMIX) 23. ^Results for Vessel: Maid of the Mist VII, United States Coast Guard Maritime Information eXchange (CGMIX) External links{{portal bar|New York}}{{Commons category|Maid of the Mist}}
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