| 词条 | Railway system of the Soviet Union | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|railroad_name = Soviet Railways |logo_filename = |logo_size = 250px |system_map = |map_caption = |map_size = |marks = SZhD, SZD |image = P36.jpg |image_size = 300px |image_caption = Steam locomotives, such as the P36, were the quintessential symbol of the Soviet Railways. |locale = Soviet Union |start_year = 1922 |end_year = 1991 |predecessor_line = RIZhD, JGR |successor_line = RŽD, UZ, BCh, ADDY, SR, HYU, LG, CFM, EVR, LZD, KTZ, OTY, TZD, KTJ |gauge = {{RailGauge|1520mm}} |old_gauge = |electrification = 3 kV DC, 25 kV AC, 50 Hz |length = {{convert|147,400|km|mi|abbr=on}} |hq_city = Moscow |website = }} The Soviet Railways (Russian: Cоветские железные дороги (CЖД)) was the state owned national railway system of the Soviet Union, headquartered in Moscow. The railway started operations in December 1922, shortly after the formation of the Soviet Union. It operated until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991.[1] The Soviet Railways were the largest unified railway in the world and the backbone of the Soviet Union's economy. Soviet Railways greatly upgraded and expanded the Russian Imperial Railways to meet the demands of the Soviet Union. The railway was directly under the control of the Ministry of Railways in the Soviet Union. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Soviet Railways were split into fifteen different national railways belonging to the respective countries. However, after the end of Soviet Railways, rail transport in the former Soviet states greatly declined and have not recovered to their former efficiency to this day.[2] Russian Railways is considered as the primary successor{{clarify|date=March 2013}} of Soviet Railways. Other successors inherited the Soviet infrastructure in Central Asia. Part of successor Railways
See also
References1. ^Russian Railways - History of Russian Railways (1914-1991) 2. ^Russian Railways - History of Russian Railways (1991-2003) Further reading
1 : Rail transport in the Soviet Union |
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