| 词条 | Malbaie River |
| 释义 |
| name = Malbaie River | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = Rivière Malbaie (in French) | name_etymology = | image = Hautes-Gorges-de-la-Rivière-Malbaie.jpg | image_caption = Malbaie River in Hautes-Gorges-de-la-Rivière-Malbaie National Park | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Canada | subdivision_type2 = Province | subdivision_name2 = Quebec | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = Capitale-Nationale | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = | length = {{convert|161|km|mi|abbr=on}}[1] | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = | source1 = Petit lac Tristan | source1_location = Lac-Jacques-Cartier (unorganized territory), Capitale-Nationale, Quebec, Canada | source1_coordinates= {{coord|47.47713|N|70.14722|W|format=dms}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|893|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = Saint Lawrence Estuary | mouth_location = La Malbaie, Capitale-Nationale, Quebec, Canada | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|47|39|18|N|70|08|50|W}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|2059|km2|abbr=on}}[2] | tributaries_left = (upstream) {{unbullet|Côte du Pontage Creek, Bouliane Waterway,|Comporté River, Dufour Creek,|Villeneuve Creek, Desbiens Creek,|Jacob River, Snigole River,|Lac des Hay, Castors Creek,|American Creek, Pont Creek,|Scott Creek, Flat Lake Discharge,|John Creek, Amie Lake Discharge,|Cran Rouge Creek, Crouch River],|Brooks Creek Cows,|discharge of Lac Du Lac and Bigras Lake,|Chemin des Canots River,|dump of Joinville Lake, dump of Lac Pigeon,|du Lac du Fond dump, river of Hell,| dump Lake Saturday,|lake discharge (Sunday to Friday),|Jack Creek, Silenus Pond outlet,| Lac Carrot outlet, Lac Lamfort outlet.}} | tributaries_right = (upstream){{unbullet|Mailloux River, Lake Nairn outlet,|Lake Long dump, Pied des Monts stream,|Rouille creek, Foulon stream,|Larouche creek, Érables creek,| Des Martres River, Du Nord Creek,|Caribou Creek,|Moreau Lake and Petit Lac des Bouleaux outlet,|Porc-Épic River, Froid Creek,|Barley River, Faguet Lake outlet,|Lake Craine outlet, Petite rivière Malbaie,|Duberger Lake outlet,|Kimear Lake outlet,|Lac des Frelons outlet.}} | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} The Malbaie River in the Charlevoix region empties into the Saint Lawrence River at La Malbaie. Until 1985 the river was used to transport logs downstream. It flows through a steep valley known as Les Hautes Gorges. A sugar maple and American elm forest grows in the gorge and has remained largely undisturbed for hundreds of years. Le parc national des Hautes-Gorges-de-la-Rivière-Malbaie is home to Eastern Canada's tallest rock-faced cliffs. Designated a national park (of the province of Québec) in 2000, the 233-km2 Hautes-Gorges is the centrepiece of the UNESCO Charlevoix biosphere reserve. Geography"Little Tristan Lake" is the "head lake" of the Malbaie River hydrographic slope. It is located in a swampy area in a small valley of mountains. It discharges to the north where water flows {{convert|1.0|km}} through swamps to Tristan Lake ({{convert|1.8|km}} long) that flows through its full length from south to north. The landfill continues for {{convert|3.0|km}} north to Gamache Lake (0.86 km), which crosses the stream from south to north for {{convert|0.6|km}}. This last lake has a large central island.From Gamache Lake, the waters flow north for {{convert|1.4|km}} to the outlet of Lamfort Lake. From there, the Malbaie River descends for {{convert|5.7|km}} to Fradette Lake ({{convert|2.5|km}}, oriented to the northeast), which flows through to its full length. Lake Frenette receives by the north-west the waters of lakes Carroll, Milton and Brunette. From the mouth of Fradette Lake, the river flows {{convert|2.4|km}} northeast to Lake Malbaie. The current of the Malbaie River crosses this lake from south to north for {{convert|2.3|km}}. The Malbaie Lake outlet is located to the north. From its mouth, the waters flow to the northeast for {{convert|3.8|km}} to the outlet of a series of lakes, including Jack Lake, Fronsac Lake, and Jack Lake. From there, the Malbaie River continues its course to the east, then going up north and then turning south to la Malbaie in the St. Lawrence River. ToponymyIn 1608, Samuel de Champlain named this stream "Rivière Platte" or "Malle Baye". After the English conquest, the seigneuries of Mount Murray and Murray Bay, so that the English have long named this river Murray River. With time, the Malbaie river finally prevails.[1] Champlain calls the bay "Malbaie" in the sense of bad because of the fact that at low tide the latter dries up and the boats run aground. As for "Murray", he owes his name to James Murray, first governor of province of Quebec, which conceded two seigneuries at the mouth of the river.[3]
See also{{GeoGroup}}
Notes and references1. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/ToposWeb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=38221 |title=Rivière Malbaie |website=Banque de noms de lieux du Québec|publisher=Commission de toponymie Québec|access-date=4 September 2011}} 2. ^{{Cite book|first1=Normand|last1=Perron|first2=Serge|last2=Gauthier|title=Histoire de Charlevoix|publisher=Institut québécois de recherche sur la culture|date=2000|isbn=2-89224-304-1}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/ToposWeb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=357872|title=La Malbaie|website=Banque de noms de lieux du Québec|publisher=Commission de toponymie Québec|access-date=4 September 2011}} 2 : Rivers of Capitale-Nationale|Tributaries of the Saint Lawrence River |
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