| 词条 | Ranunculus fluitans |
| 释义 |
|image = Ranunculus fluitans.jpg |status = LC |status_system = IUCN3.1 |status_ref = |genus = Ranunculus |species = fluitans |authority = Lam |synonyms = {{species list |Batrachium bachii |Wirtg. ex F.Schultz |Batrachium fluitans |Wimm. |Batrachium peucedanifolium |Dumort. |Batrachium pumilum |Nyman [1]}} }}Ranunculus fluitans (the river water-crowfoot,[2]) is a species of buttercup. It is a perennial water plant, that when in favourable conditions (such as fast flowing water,[3]) it can grow up to 6 m (20 ft) height.[4] DescriptionRanunculus fluitans has no floating leaves, instead it has long and narrow, tassel-like segments. Reaching up to 30 cm (12 in) long. The long slender stems can have up to two flower stems. The white flowers are held above the water level, they are around 2–3 cm across. They are daisy-like, with 6-8 overlapping petals around a central yellow area. It blooms in June, then the rounded seed heads become hairless fruits.[3]It is similar in form to Ranunculus trichophyllus (thread-leaved water-crowfoot), apart from flower petal number, thread-leaved has on 5 petals and shorter leaves, as thread-leaved prefers slower flowing waters.[3] TaxonomyIt was formerly described by the French naturalist and botanist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in his book 'Flore françoise' Vol.3 on page 184 in 1779.[1][5] The species epithet fluitans is Latin for floating.[6] DistributionIt is endemic to western Europe.[10] RangeIt can be found in Ireland, the United Kingdom, southern Sweden, France, Germany, Poland, Switzerland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary and Italy.[10] It grows in fast flowing waters of the UK, within England, Scotland and Wales.[3] EcologyA Ranunculus fluitans community or Ranunculion fluitantis, defines a British plant community comprising stands of submerged vegetation dominated by clumps of Crowfoot.[4] It is thought to be Vulnerable in Sweden and Near Threatened in Switzerland, but elsewhere it is widespread and abundant.[7] CultureWilliam Barnes (1801–1886) an English writer, poet and Church of England priest, referred to the plant in his poem 'The Water Crowfoot'.
This refers to the River Frome's being at danger from man's interference.[3] References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Ranunculus fluitans Lam. is an accepted name|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2523387|website=23 March 2012|publisher=theplantlist.org|accessdate=26 October 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archive-date=2015-01-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |year=1981 |title=Reader's Digest Field Guide to the Wild Flowers of Britain |page=30 |publisher=Reader's Digest |isbn=9780276002175}} 4. ^1 J. S. Rodwell; British Plant Communities: Woodlands and Scrub Cambridge University Press, 1990 {{ISBN|0-521-62718-4}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Ranunculaceae Ranunculus fluitans Lam.|url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=712741-1|publisher=ipni.org|accessdate=26 October 2017}} 6. ^Archibald William Smith {{google books|ahNMkgoNJ7IC|A Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins|page=140}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Lansdown,|first1=R.V.|title=Ranunculus fluitans|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/167918/0|year=2013|publisher=iucnredlist.org (IUCN)|accessdate=27 October 2017}} 8. ^S. Gatrell {{google books|RaHDAAAQBAJ|Thomas Hardy’s Vision of Wessex|page=68}} External links{{Commons|Ranunculus fluitans}}{{Wikispecies|Ranunculus fluitans}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q158335}}{{Ranunculales-stub}} 16 : Ranunculus|Flora of Europe|Flora of the United Kingdom|Flora of Sweden|Flora of France|Flora of Germany|Flora of Poland|Flora of Switzerland|Flora of Austria|Flora of the Czech Republic|Flora of Slovenia|Flora of Slovakia|Flora of Hungary|Flora of Italy|Least concern plants|Plants described in 1779 |
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