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词条 Malcolm Longair
释义

  1. Education

  2. Career and research

     Selected publications  Awards and honours 

  3. References

{{Use British English|date=December 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}}{{Infobox scientist
|name = Malcolm Longair
|honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100|CBE|FRS|FRSE}}
|birth_name = Malcolm Sim Longair
|image = File:Malcolm Longair (8750955675).jpg
|image_size =
|caption = Malcolm Longair in 2013 at the James Webb Space Telescope Advisory Committee (JSTAC), held at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore. Portrait by Mark McCaughrean of the European Space Agency
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1941|05|18}}[1]
|birth_place = Dundee, Scotland
|death_date =
|death_place =
|residence =
|citizenship =
|nationality =
|ethnicity =
|field = Natural Philosophy
|work_institutions = {{Plainlist|
  • University of Cambridge
  • University of Edinburgh}}

| education = Morgan Academy
|alma_mater = {{Plainlist|
  • University of Dundee
  • University of St. Andrews
  • University of Cambridge}}

|doctoral_advisor = Martin Ryle[2]
|doctoral_students = {{Plainlist|
  • Jim Dunlop[1]
  • Stephen Gull[2]
  • Simon Lilly[2]
  • John Peacock[3]}}

|thesis_title = The evolution of radio galaxies
|thesis_year = 1967
| thesis_url = http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648088
|known_for =
|influences =
|influenced =
|prizes = Britannica award {{small|(1986)}}[1]
| spouse = {{marriage|Deborah Howard|1975}}[1]
| website = {{URL|http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/directory/longairm}}
}}Malcolm Sim Longair {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CBE|FRS|FRSE}}[9] (18 May 1941)[4] is a British physicist. From 1991 to 2008 he was the Jacksonian Professor of Natural Philosophy in the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge.[5][6][7][8] Since 2016 he has been editor-in-chief of the Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society.[15]

Education

He was born on 18 May 1941,[9] and educated at Morgan Academy, Dundee, Scotland.[4] He graduated in Electronic Physics from Queen's College, Dundee, which later became the University of Dundee, but was then part of the University of St. Andrews, in 1963. He became a research student in the Radio Astronomy Group of the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, where he completed his Ph.D. in 1967[10] supervised by Martin Ryle.[3]

Career and research

From 1968 to 1969, he was a Royal Society Exchange Visitor to the Lebedev Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences, where he worked with Vitaly Ginzburg and Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich.

He held a Fellowship of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 from 1966 to 1968 and was a Fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge from 1967 to 1980. He has held visiting professorships at the California Institute of Technology (1972), the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton (1978), the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (1990) and the Space Telescope Science Institute (1997). From 1980 to 1990, he held the joint posts of Astronomer Royal for Scotland, Regius Professor of Astronomy of the University of Edinburgh and Director of the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh. He is a Professorial Fellow and Vice-President of Clare Hall, Cambridge. He was Deputy Head of the Cavendish Laboratory with special responsibility for the teaching of physics from 1991 to 1997, and Head of the Cavendish Laboratory from 1997 to 2005.

Longair's primary research interests are in the fields of high energy astrophysics and astrophysical cosmology. He has written eight books and many articles on this work. His most recent publication is the second edition of his Theoretical Concepts in Physics, released in December 2003. His other interests include music, mountain walking (completing the Munros in 2011), art, architecture and golf. {{As of|2017}} he is the editor-in-chief of the Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society[11] and has authored or co-authored biographies of John E. Baldwin,[12] Vitaly Ginzburg,[13] Brian Pippard,[14] Geoffrey Burbidge[15] and David J. C. MacKay.[16]

Selected publications

Books[
//#17'>17]
  • {{cite book|title=High Energy Astrophysics: Volume 1, Particles, Photons and their Detection|date=2011|edition=3rd |publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0521756189|page=888}} 2nd: pbk, 1992, 440pp., {{ISBN|0521387736}}
  • {{cite book|title=The Cosmic Century: A History of Astrophysics and Cosmology|date=2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0521474361|page=565}}
  • {{cite book|title=High Energy Astrophysics: Volume 2, Stars, the Galaxy and the Interstellar Medium|date=1994|edition=2nd |publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0521435846|page=412}}
  • {{cite book|title=Theoretical Concepts in Physics: An Alternative View of Theoretical Reasoning in Physics|date=1984|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0521255503|page=384}} revised and enlarged 2nd edition: 2003, 588pp., {{ISBN|0521821266}}
  • {{cite book|title=Our Evolving Universe|date=1996|edition=2nd |publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0521550912|page=384}}
  • {{cite book|title=Maxwell's Enduring Legacy: A Scientific History of the Cavendish Laboratory|date=2016|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781107083691}}
Papers
{{As of|2014}} he had published 298 papers.[7][18]
  • {{Citation |pmid= 18222905 |last=Longair |first=Malcolm S |publication-date=28 May 2008 |date=2008 |title=Maxwell and the science of colour |volume=366 |issue=1871 |periodical=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences |pages=1685–96

|doi = 10.1098/rsta.2007.2178 |bibcode=2008RSPTA.366.1685L }}

During his career he supervised numerous PhD students including Jim Dunlop,[1] Stephen Gull,[3] Simon Lilly[2] and John Peacock.[3]

Awards and honours

Longair has received numerous awards, including:

{{div col|colwidth=35em}}
  • 1986 - the first Britannica Award for the Dissemination of Learning and the Enrichment of Life
  • 1990 - In December 1990, he delivered the series of Royal Institution Christmas Lectures for Young People on television on the topic 'The Origins of Our Universe'.
  • 1991 - From 1991 to 1992 he was President of the Physics Section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science.
  • 1994 - Awarded the 1994 Science Prize of the Saltire Society-Royal Bank of Scotland Annual award.
  • 1994 - Chairman of the Gemini Board, the international project to build 8-metre telescopes in the northern and southern hemispheres, for the years 1994 and 1995.
  • 1995 - In 1995, he was Selby Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science and took a lecture demonstration entitled 'Measuring the Fundamentals' around all the state capitals of Australia.[19]
  • 1995 - Chairman of the Space Telescope Science Institute Council for 1995-6.
  • 1996 - President of the Royal Astronomical Society 1996-8.
  • 2000 - Appointed CBE in the 2000 New Year Honours List.
  • 2004 - Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS).[20]
{{div col end}}

References

1. ^1 {{cite thesis|degree=PhD|publisher=University of Edinburgh|title=The high-redshift evolution of radio galaxies and quasars|first= James Scott|last=Dunlop|year=1987|url=http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381665|oclc=22336169|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.381665}}}}
2. ^1 {{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Simon|last=Lilly |title=Evolution of radio galaxies |publisher=University of Edinburgh |date=1983 |url=http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.347938|authorlink=Simon Lilly|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.347938}}}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{MathGenealogy|id=183963}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 Anon (2017) {{Who's Who | surname = Longair | othernames = Prof. Malcolm Sim | id = U24899 | edition = online Oxford University Press|location=Oxford}} {{doi|10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.24899}} {{subscription required}}
5. ^{{IMDb name|2148621}}
6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Hughes|first1=David H.|last2=Serjeant|first2=Stephen|last3=Dunlop|first3=James|authorlink3=James S. Dunlop|last4=Rowan-Robinson|first4=Michael|authorlink4=Michael Rowan-Robinson|last5=Blain|first5=Andrew|last6=Mann|first6=Robert G.|last7=Ivison|first7=Rob|last8=Peacock|first8=John|last9=Efstathiou|first9=Andreas|last10=Gear|first10=Walter|last11=Oliver|first11=Seb|last12=Lawrence|first12=Andy|last13=Longair|first13=Malcolm|authorlink13=Malcolm Longair|last14=Goldschmidt|first14=Pippa|last15=Jenness|first15=Tim|journal=Nature|volume=394|issue=6690|year=1998|pages=241–247|doi=10.1038/28328|title=High-redshift star formation in the Hubble Deep Field revealed by a submillimetre-wavelength survey|arxiv=astro-ph/9806297|bibcode=1998Natur.394..241H}}
7. ^1 {{Scopus id}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/directory/longairm |website=phy.cam.ac.uk |title=Emeritus Jacksonian Professor of Natural Philosophy |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604035901/http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/directory/longairm/ |archivedate=4 June 2016 }}
9. ^{{cite web|title=Birthday's today |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/archive/2011-5-18.html |publisher=The Telegraph |accessdate=16 May 2014 |date=18 May 2011 |quote=Prof M.S. Longair, astronomer, 70 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611135315/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/archive/2011-5-18.html |archivedate=11 June 2014 }}
10. ^{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Malcolm Sim|last=Longair |title=The evolution of radio galaxies |publisher=University of Cambridge |date=1967 |url=http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648088|oclc=657635513}}
11. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Longair|first1=Malcolm|title=Editorial|journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society|volume=63|year=2017|pages=1–6|issn=0080-4606|doi=10.1098/rsbm.2017.0030}}
12. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Longair | first1 = M. S. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.2011.0011 | title = John Evan Baldwin. 6 December 1931 -- 7 December 2010 | journal = Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society | year = 2011 }}
13. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Longair | first1 = M. S. | authorlink = Malcolm Longair| doi = 10.1098/rsbm.2011.0002 | title = Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg. 4 October 1916 – 8 November 2009 | journal = Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society | volume = 57 | pages = 129–146 | year = 2011 }}
14. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Longair | first1 = M. S. | authorlink1 = Malcolm Longair| last2 = Waldram | first2 = J. R. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.2009.0014 | title = Sir Alfred Brian Pippard. 7 September 1920 -- 21 September 2008 | journal = Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society | volume = 55 | pages = 201–220 | year = 2009 }}
15. ^{{cite journal|last1=Longair|first1=Malcolm|authorlink1=Malcolm Longair|last2=Rees|first2=Martin|authorlink2=Martin Rees|title=Geoffrey Ronald Burbidge. 24 September 1925 — 26 January 2010|journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society|year=2017|issn=0080-4606|doi=10.1098/rsbm.2017.0002}}
16. ^{{cite journal|last1=Longair|first1=Malcolm|authorlink1=Malcolm Longair|last2=Cates|first2=Michael|authorlink2=Michael Cates|title=Sir David John Cameron MacKay FRS. 22 April 1967 — 14 April 2016|journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society|year=2017|issn=0080-4606|doi=10.1098/rsbm.2017.0013}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://isapp2012paris.sciencesconf.org/conference/isapp2012paris/Longair.pdf |title=Malcolm Longair |work=ISAPP2012PARIS : International School on AstroParticle Physics |publisher=Sciencesconf.org |accessdate=20 May 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140520044842/http://isapp2012paris.sciencesconf.org/conference/isapp2012paris/Longair.pdf |archivedate=20 May 2014 }}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/peoplefiles/longairm-publications.pdf |title=List of Publications |last=Longair |first=Malcolm S. |accessdate=19 May 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140520051111/http://www.phy.cam.ac.uk/peoplefiles/longairm-publications.pdf |archivedate=20 May 2014 }}
19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.science.org.au/opportunities/travel/travelling-fellowships/selby-fellowship |title=Selby Fellowship |website=science.org.au |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101162903/https://www.science.org.au/opportunities/travel/travelling-fellowships/selby-fellowship |archivedate=1 January 2017 }}
20. ^1 {{cite web|year=2004 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117112641/https://royalsociety.org/people/malcolm-longair-11833/ |archivedate=2015-11-17 |url=https://royalsociety.org/people/malcolm-longair-11833/ |publisher=Royal Society |location=London |title=Professor Malcolm Longair CBE FRS |website=royalsociety.org|author=Anon}} One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: {{quote|"All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License." --{{cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/ |title=Royal Society Terms, conditions and policies |accessdate=2016-03-09 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925220834/https://royalsociety.org/about-us/terms-conditions-policies/ |archivedate=25 September 2015 |df= }}}}
{{FRS 2004}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Longair, Malcolm}}

17 : 1941 births|Living people|Scottish astronomers|Fellows of the Royal Society|Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh|Harvard University staff|Academics of the University of Edinburgh|Commanders of the Order of the British Empire|Fellows of Clare Hall, Cambridge|Alumni of the University of Cambridge|Alumni of the University of St Andrews|Scottish physicists|Presidents of the Royal Astronomical Society|People from Dundee|People educated at Morgan Academy|Alumni of the University of Dundee|Scientists of the Cavendish Laboratory
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