| 词条 | Malham |
| 释义 |
|country = England |static_image = |static_image_caption = |coordinates = {{coord|54.061|-2.153|display=inline,title}} |official_name = Malham |population = 238 | population_ref = (2011 census)[1] |shire_district = Craven |shire_county = North Yorkshire |civil_parish = |region = Yorkshire and the Humber |constituency_westminster = Skipton and Ripon |post_town = SKIPTON |postcode_district = BD23 |postcode_area = BD |dial_code = 01729 |os_grid_reference = SD900629 }}Malham is a village and civil parish in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England. Before 20th century boundary changes, the village was part of the Settle Rural District, in the historic West Riding of Yorkshire. In the Domesday Book, the name is given as Malgun, meaning "settlement by the gravelly places".[1] In 2001 the parish had a population of approximately 150.[2] Malham parish increased in size geographically (to include Malham Moor) and so at the 2011 Census had a population of 238.[3] Malham lies at the upper end of the valley of the River Aire, known above Airton as Malhamdale, in the Yorkshire Dales.[4] The surrounding countryside is well known for its limestone pavements and other examples of limestone scenery. Tourist attractions include Malham Tarn, Malham Cove, Gordale Scar, Janet's Foss and the Dry Valley. The village hosts an annual agricultural and horticultural show on the Saturday before the August Bank Holiday. Known as the Malham Show, it has competitions for everything from Lego models to fell running. Another major annual event is the Malham Safari,[5] when the villagers and particularly the local school build sculptures around the village. This event attracts many tourists and stalls are put up on the green. TourismMalham is a popular walkers' destination. The rise in tourism over Malham's history has led to some deterioration of the area's surrounding paths as tourists wander off the paths and cause pockets of erosion, a process often called "footpath erosion". The footpaths in the area are maintained by the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. In the village there is a National Park Information Centre and a large car park. The Pennine Way long distance path passes through the village. Nearby natural landmarks include Malham Cove, Malham Tarn, Gordale Scar and Janet's Foss. The Malham Show Fell Race course runs over the nearby {{convert|301|m|ft|adj=on}} Cawden. In May 2006, it was reported that a covert listening device was discovered hidden in the local parish hall, leaving the villagers baffled. The electronic transmitter was found in a wall socket during a safety inspection at Malham village hall.[6] Part of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 was filmed around the Malham Cove limestone pavement.[7] In the 1950s the village gave its name to a Ham class minesweeper, HMS Malham. GovernanceMalham has a joint parish council, Kirkby Malhamdale Parish Council, with the parishes of Malham Moor, Kirkby Malham and Hanlith.[8] ClimateMalham has an Oceanic climate, but is generally colder and wetter than most settlements in Britain.[9] It has a relatively low altitude of around 200 metres, but is partly surrounded by fells. This exposed position{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} means the temperature range is limited, due to little pooling of cold air. Extremes of temperature (since 1960) range from {{convert|28.2|C|F}} during August 1990,[10] down to {{convert|-13.5|C|F}} during March 2001.[11] {{Weather box|location = Malham Tarn 381m asl, 1981-2010, extremes 1960- |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 12.5 |Feb record high C = 15.3 |Mar record high C = 18.9 |Apr record high C = 21.0 |May record high C = 23.7 |Jun record high C = 27.2 |Jul record high C = 28.0 |Aug record high C = 28.2 |Sep record high C = 24.4 |Oct record high C = 20.1 |Nov record high C = 15.2 |Dec record high C = 10.9 |year record high C = 28.2 |Jan high C = 4.6 |Feb high C = 4.7 |Mar high C = 6.8 |Apr high C = 9.5 |May high C = 13.0 |Jun high C = 15.3 |Jul high C = 17.2 |Aug high C = 16.8 |Sep high C = 14.5 |Oct high C = 10.8 |Nov high C = 7.3 |Dec high C = 5.0 |year high C = 10.5 |Jan low C = -0.3 |Feb low C = -0.5 |Mar low C = 0.8 |Apr low C = 2.5 |May low C = 5.2 |Jun low C = 8.1 |Jul low C = 10.1 |Aug low C = 9.9 |Sep low C = 8.0 |Oct low C = 5.2 |Nov low C = 2.3 |Dec low C = 0.1 |year low C = 4.3 |Jan record low C = -11.5 |Feb record low C = −13.0 |Mar record low C = −13.5 |Apr record low C = −7.5 |May record low C = -4.2 |Jun record low C = -1.1 |Jul record low C = 1.7 |Aug record low C = 2.1 |Sep record low C = -1.0 |Oct record low C = -4.9 |Nov record low C = −9.2 |Dec record low C = −12.6 |year record low C = −13.5 |Jan rain mm = 167.1 |Feb rain mm = 120.7 |Mar rain mm = 132.1 |Apr rain mm = 95.3 |May rain mm = 86.1 |Jun rain mm = 99.4 |Jul rain mm = 105.0 |Aug rain mm = 128.3 |Sep rain mm = 125.3 |Oct rain mm = 161.0 |Nov rain mm = 157.8 |Dec rain mm = 172.0 |Jan rain days = 18.0 |Feb rain days = 14.4 |Mar rain days = 16.0 |Apr rain days = 13.7 |May rain days = 12.8 |Jun rain days = 13.6 |Jul rain days = 13.5 |Aug rain days = 15.3 |Sep rain days = 14.0 |Oct rain days = 16.9 |Nov rain days = 18.2 |Dec rain days = 17.4 |Jan sun = 36.8 |Feb sun = 58.0 |Mar sun = 83.2 |Apr sun = 124.9 |May sun = 158.3 |Jun sun = 137.4 |Jul sun = 142.8 |Aug sun = 139.8 |Sep sun = 107.5 |Oct sun = 74.8 |Nov sun = 43.9 |Dec sun = 35.4 |source 1 = Met Office[12] |date=November 2017|source 2 = Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute/KNMI[13] }} Picture gallerySee also
References1. ^Internet Surname Database 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=797630&c=Malham&d=16&e=15&g=475326&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1253868839535&enc=1&dsFamilyId=779 |title=2001 census|publisher=Office for National Statistics|work=Neighbourhood Statistics|accessdate=}} 3. ^1 {{NOMIS2011|id=1170216772|title=Malham Parish|accessdate=10 April 2018}} 4. ^Yorkshire Dales National Park: Malhamdale {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517013230/http://www.yorkshiredales.org.uk/outandabout/dalesandtowns/malhamdale |date=17 May 2013 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://malhamdale.com/safari.htm|title=Malham Safari website|publisher=malhamdale.com|accessdate=9 November 2018}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/north_yorkshire/5023408.stm|title=Mystery surrounds parish hall bug|date=27 May 2006|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=8 November 2008}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.malhamdale.com/cove.htm|title=Malham Cove Tourist Website|date=12 June 2011|publisher=Malham Tourism|accessdate=7 February 2011}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Kirkby Malhamdale Parish Council|url=http://www.malhamdale.com/kmpc.htm|website=malhamdale.com|accessdate=4 February 2016}} 9. ^https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gcw7y8w53 10. ^{{Cite web | publisher = KNMI | url= http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=14&year=1990&indexid=TXx&stationid=1846 | title = 1990 temperature}} 11. ^{{Cite web | publisher = KNMI | url= http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=9&year=2001&indexid=TNn&stationid=1846 | title = 2001 temperature}} 12. ^{{cite web| url =https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gcw7y8w53 | title = Malham Tarn 1981 - 2010 averages | accessdate = 28 November 2017 | publisher = UKMO}} 13. ^{{cite web| url =http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/mapserver/anomaly.php?indexcat=**&indexid=TXx&year=1977&seasonid=18&create_image=true&minx=-1111428.5714287&miny=-4687142.8571429&maxx=621904.76190476&maxy=-3387142.8571428&MapSize=560%2C420&imagewidth=560&imageheight=420&mainmap.x=310&mainmap.y=244&CMD=QUERY_POINT&CMD=QUERY_POINT#bottom | title = Malham extremes | accessdate = 8 November 2011 | publisher = KNMI}}{{full citation needed|date=November 2012}} External links{{Commons category|Malham}}{{Wikivoyage}}
3 : Villages in North Yorkshire|Civil parishes in North Yorkshire|Craven District |
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