| 词条 | Malibu Creek State Park |
| 释义 |
| name = Malibu Creek State Park | iucn_category = | photo = Malibu creek1.jpg | photo_caption = Malibu Creek State Park, with the Goat Buttes in the background | map = USA California#USA | relief = 1 | location = Los Angeles County, California, USA | nearest_city = Calabasas, California | coordinates = {{coord|34|6|3|N|118|42|40|W|region:US-CA|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area_acre = 8215 | established = 1974 | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = California Department of Parks and Recreation }} Malibu Creek State Park is a state park of California, United States, preserving the Malibu Creek canyon in the Santa Monica Mountains. The {{convert|8215|acre|ha|adj=on|0}} park was established in 1974.[1] Opened to the public in 1976, the park is also a component of Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area. GeographyMalibu Creek State Park stretches from below Malibou Lake in the west to Piuma Road in the east. It follows the creek down to the Pacific Ocean and includes the Adamson House and creek's mouth in the Malibu Lagoon at the beach. Tapia Park has recently been incorporated as a subunit of the park.{{when|date=November 2018}} The park includes three natural preserves: {{convert|730|acre|ha|adj=on}} Liberty Canyon, {{convert|300|acre|ha|adj=on}} Udell Gorge, and {{convert|1920|acre|ha|adj=on}} Kaslow Preserve. HistoryThe land that is now Malibu Creek State Park was inhabited by native Chumash people for millennia. The site of a village called Talepop has been uncovered by archaeologists in the northeast corner of the park. The Chumash were most famous for their redwood canoes, which they used to travel the coastline for hundreds of miles.[2] By the 1860s a few homesteads existed, including the Sepulveda Adobe, which still stands. In 1900 a group of wealthy Los Angeles businessmen created the Crags Country Club and purchased {{convert|2000|acre|ha|-2}} along Malibu Creek. In 1903 a {{convert|50|ft|m|adj=mid|high}} dam was built nearby, creating a {{convert|7|acre|ha|adj=on}} lake which was later purchased by 20th Century Fox and named Century Lake. The three-level, {{convert|7500|sqft|m2|adj=on}} Crags Club Lodge was completed in 1910. Redwood trees were planted near the lake that same year, and today stand as the southernmost specimens in California.[3] Also within park boundaries is the Rindge Dam in Malibu Canyon, built in 1926. The Crags Country Club ceased operations in 1936 and the lodge was torn down in 1955. The majority of the park's lands were donated by entertainer Bob Hope.[4] Other parts of the park, added later, were previously owned by Paramount Pictures and 20th Century Fox for movie ranches. Part of the former 20th Century Fox Ranch had been purchased in 1966 from Ronald Reagan.[5] The Reagan ranch, known as "Yearling Row", was owned by the future president from 1951 to 1966 (Reagan earlier owned another ranch also called Yearling Row in Northridge, California). It was sold by the Reagans to pay campaign debts from the 1966 California governor's campaign.[6] Additional parcels have been connected by the Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy and Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area.[7] In 2014, adjacent Cameron Nature Preserve in Puerco Canyon was acquired by the Santa Monica Mountains Recreation and Conservation Authority. This created a contiguous block of public parkland from this park to Corral Canyon Park and will provide a path for the Coastal Slope Trail. The {{convert|703|acre|ha|adj=mid|property}} was purchased from Oscar-winning director James Cameron.[8] In 2018 substantial portions of the park, including the Reagan ranch and the Fox Ranch location for many films and television shows, were burned and destroyed by the Woolsey Fire.[9] King Gillette RanchMost recently an area was annexed to the park known as the King Gillette Ranch, with a landmark Spanish Colonial Revival style residence and estate buildings designed by renowned architect Wallace Neff in the 1920s for owner King C. Gillette, the early-20th-century inventor and manufacturer of the Gillette disposable razor. It was later used by the Catholic Claretian Order as Claretville in the 1950s–60s,[10] then by several other spiritual groups, and finally by Soka University in the 1990s until the recent purchase for the park. The new visitor center for the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area is located here in the historic Stables compound. Fox Ranch Movie LocationWhen owned by 20th Century Fox, the park was known as the "Fox Ranch," which was a remote backlot for their movie productions for decades, and has been the location in dozens of films, beginning with a number of Tarzan movies:
The park was also a key filming location for the M*A*S*H series, both for the feature film and the subsequent television series. The landscape was particularly seen in the opening credits for the show as helicopters carrying wounded approach the hospital with the recognizable Goat Buttes in the background.[11] Other television programs that used the park to pass for a post-apocalyptic Earth were Planet of the Apes and the children's program Ark II. This was also a location for Men in Tights where the Goat Buttes are seen in the background of the final wedding scene.[12] The park is still used for occasional filming. ActivitiesRecreation activities in the park include: horseback riding, bird watching, hiking, mountain biking, rock climbing, fishing, and picnicking. Ranger led programs and hikes are also offered.[13] The Backbone Trail, a multi-use long-distance trail spanning the Santa Monica Mountains, passes through Malibu Creek State Park. Another long distance trail, the Coastal Slope Trail, is under construction and will pass through the remote southern tip of the park.[14] See also
References1. ^{{cite journal |title=California State Park System Statistical Report: Fiscal Year 2009/10 |url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/pages/795/files/09-10%20statistical%20report%20final%20online.pdf |publisher=California State Parks |page=16 |accessdate=2013-12-10}} 2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Mauch|first1=Christof|title=Unruly Paradise—Nature and Culture in Malibu, California|journal=RCC Perspectives|date=2015|volume=no. 3|jstor=26241331}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=All Creatures Great & Small From Owls to Oak Trees |url=http://www.malibucreekstatepark.org/Nature.html |publisher=Malibu Creek State Park Docents |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120909063534/http://www.malibucreekstatepark.org/ANIMALS.html |archivedate=September 9, 2012 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web |last=McKinney |first=John |title=Malibu Creek Trail |url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=25212 |publisher=California State Parks |year=2012 |access-date=2013-12-10}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1989-01-14/news/vw-28_1_reagan-ranch |title=On What Was Once Reagan's Ranch, a Trail to the Chief |first=JOHN |last=McKINNEY |date=January 14, 1989|access-date=23 January 2018|newspaper=Los Angeles Times}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.pe.com/2010/11/23/lake-elsinore-book-describes-years-working-on-reagans-ranch/ |title=Book describes years working on Reagans ranch|first=B PETER |last=FISCHETTI | newspaper=Press-Enterprise |date= November 23, 2010|access-date=12 November 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web |title=King Gillette Ranch Planning Update |url=http://www.nps.gov/samo/parkmgmt/king-gillette-ranch-planning.htm |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=2013-12-10}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://archive.vcstar.com/news/special/outdoors/land-acquisition-protects-700-acres-in-santa-monica-mountains-ep-518953509-351288891.html |title=Land acquisition protects 700 acres in Santa Monica Mountains|date=July 25, 2014|newspaper=Ventura County Star|dead-url=no|archive-date=2018-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123030822/http://archive.vcstar.com/news/special/outdoors/land-acquisition-protects-700-acres-in-santa-monica-mountains-ep-518953509-351288891.html}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-santa-monica-mountains-20181111-story.html|title=Woolsey fire destroys historic ranches, movie sets and open spaces in Santa Monica Mountains |newspaper=Los Angeles Times|first=David |last=Pierson|date=November 11, 2018|access-date=12 November 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web |last=Fecht |first=Gerald R. |title=Claretville Novitiate in Calabasas |url=http://museumsanfernandovalley.blogspot.com/2009/09/claretville-novitiate-in-calabasas.html |publisher=The Museum of the San Fernando Valley |date=2009-09-30 |accessdate=2013-12-10}} 11. ^{{Cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2007/jan/21/local/me-then21|title= Local peaks were a convincing cinematic stand-in|first=Cecilia |last=Rasmussen|date=January 21, 2007|access-date=20 January 2018|newspaper=Los Angeles Times}} 12. ^Los Angeles Scenic Drives, http://www.bidontravel.com/travel/ladrives1b.html 13. ^{{cite web |title=Malibu Creek SP |url=http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=614 |publisher=California State Parks |accessdate=2013-12-10}} 14. ^Arévalo, Penny (July 25, 2014) "Conservation Authority Buys 703-Acre Property from James Cameron" Malibu Patch External links{{commons category|Malibu Creek State Park}}
11 : State parks of California|Parks in Los Angeles County, California|Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area|Movie ranches|Nature centers in California|Protected areas established in 1974|1974 establishments in California|Calabasas, California|Mulholland Highway|Santa Monica Mountains|Tourist attractions in Malibu, California |
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