“Recognition of same-sex unions in Cyprus”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Cyprus has recognised same-sex unions since 9 December 2015 by allowing same-sex couples to enter into civil cohabitations. A bill to establish civil cohabitations was approved by the Cypriot Parliament on 26 November 2015. The law took effect on 9 December 2015 upon publication in the country's official gazette.

Civil cohabitation

In 2010, the Permanent Secretary at the Cypriot Interior Ministry, Lazaros Savvides, indicated that the Government would begin examining the issue of whether same-sex marriage should be made legal in the country.^[1]

This was followed in 2013 by an announcement by the Interior Minister, Eleni Mavrou, that her officials were working on a parliamentary bill proposing the creation of civil partnerships, rather than extending the right to marry to same-sex couples.^[2] The Cypriot Government subsequently accepted the draft bill.^[3] In March of that year, newly elected President Nicos Anastasiades and his Government reaffirmed their support for the bill.^[4] In November 2013, the Interior Minister, Socratis Hasikos, confirmed that the bill remained on the Government's agenda, with a draft prepared and sent to other Ministries for review. The intention was to hold a parliamentary vote in April 2014,^[5] but, by June 2014, the bill had still not been submitted. According to the Ministry's Permanent Secretary, Constantinos Nicolaides, the bill should have been completed in April, but was still being drafted.^[6] In July 2014, Interior Minister Socratis Hasikos clarified that a proposed bill would need consensus from all parties before moving forward. He gave all parties a copy of the bill and asked that they study it in time for a second meeting that same September. Hasikos stressed that he would not hold a vote until he was sure all parties were in favour.^[7]

In March 2014, the head of the Orthodox Church in Cyprus, Archbishop Chrysostomos II signalled his opposition to plans to introduce either civil partnership or marriage rights, urging churches to take a stand against homosexuality and accusing secular governments of "weakening moral integrity" through acknowledging equal rights to homosexuals: "When, for example, governments legalise not only plain civil partnership but ‘homosexual marriage’, the Church must be unequivocal in condemning homosexuality."^[8]

On 6 May 2015, the Cypriot Cabinet approved a gender-neutral cohabitation agreement bill with many of the rights of marriage.^[9] On 6 June 2015, the ruling party DISY announced their support for the partnership law.^[10]^[11] The bill had its first reading on 18 June 2015.^[12] On 1 July 2015, Parliament decided to rename the proposed partnership recognition scheme to civil cohabitation ({{lang-el|πολιτική συμβίωση}}; {{lang-tr|sivil birlikte yaşama}}).^[13]^[14] The second reading was initially planned to be held on 9 July, but was postponed until autumn.^[15] The bill had its second and third reading on 26 November 2015 and passed in a 39-12 vote, with 3 abstentions.^[16]^[17] It was published in the official gazette on 9 December 2015 and took effect upon publication.^[18]^[19]^[20]

Statistics

The country's first civil cohabitation was registered on 29 January 2016 by two women.^[21] The first public ceremony was held on 4 March 2016 by two men in the capital city of Nicosia.^[22]

From January to October 2016, approximately 70 same-sex couples had registered their unions in the country.^[25]

Civil cohabitations are also very popular among different-sex couples. By August 2017, for instance, heterosexual couples represented about 70% of all couples, while same-sex couples made up the remaining 30%.^[26]

Public opinion

The 2006 Eurobarometer found that only 14% of Cypriots were in favour of same-sex marriage.^[27] This was the third lowest in the European Union at the time (only in Latvia and Romania was support lower). The 2015 Eurobarometer found that support had increased to 37%, while 56% were against legalising same-sex marriage.^[28]

With regards to civil unions, a 2014 survey found that 53.3% of Cypriots supported civil unions or partnerships for same-sex couples.^[29]

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cyprus-mail.com/features/government-look-legalising-gay-marriage/20100228 |title=Government to look at legalising gay marriage|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Charles|last=Charalambous|date=28 February 2010|accessdate=20 January 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409010240/http://www.cyprus-mail.com/features/government-look-legalising-gay-marriage/20100228|archivedate=9 April 2013}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cyprus-mail.com/civil-partnership/moving-towards-civil-partnerships/20130117|title=Moving towards civil partnerships|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Poly|last=Pantelides|date=17 January 2013|accessdate=20 January 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130210053448/http://www.cyprus-mail.com/civil-partnership/moving-towards-civil-partnerships/20130117|archivedate=10 February 2013}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cyprus-mail.com/accept-lgbt/lgbt-group-hails-decision-civil-partnerships/20130220|title=LGBT group hails decision on civil partnerships|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Poly|last=Pantelides|date=17 January 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130210053448/http://www.cyprus-mail.com/civil-partnership/moving-towards-civil-partnerships/20130117|archivedate=10 February 2013}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cyprus-mail.com/christos-stylianides/disy-fully-backs-civil-partnerships/20130308|title=DISY ‘fully backs civil partnerships’|publisher=Cyprus Mail|date=8 March 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130504170832/http://www.cyprus-mail.com/christos-stylianides/disy-fully-backs-civil-partnerships/20130308|archivedate=4 May 2013}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2013/11/19/civil-partnership-bill-will-go-ahead/|title=Civil partnership bill will go ahead|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Constantinos|last=Psillides|date=19 November 2013|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401204724/http://cyprus-mail.com/2013/11/19/civil-partnership-bill-will-go-ahead/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/05/31/civil-partnerships-still-a-long-way-off/ |title=Civil partnerships still a long way off|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Constantinos|last=Psillides|date=31 May 2014|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401205316/http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/05/31/civil-partnerships-still-a-long-way-off/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/07/04/civil-partnership-bill-needs-consensus-hasikos-tells-mps |title=Civil partnership bill needs consensus, Hasikos tells MPs |publisher=Cyprus Mail|date=4 July 2014|first=Constantinos|last=Psillides|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401205655/http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/07/04/civil-partnership-bill-needs-consensus-hasikos-tells-mps/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/03/09/storm-of-protest-over-archbishops-anti-gay-comments/ |title=Storm of protest over Archbishop’s anti-gay comments |publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Angelos|last=Anastasiou|date=9 March 2014|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401210045/http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/03/09/storm-of-protest-over-archbishops-anti-gay-comments/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/05/06/cabinet-approves-bill-on-civil-partnerships|title=Cabinet approves bill on civil partnerships|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Constantinos |last=Psillides|date=6 May 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401210540/http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/05/06/cabinet-approves-bill-on-civil-partnerships/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://disy.org.cy/%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7-%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D-%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85-%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%BC%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%BF-%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%AF%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82.html|title=Συνεδρία Πολιτικού Γραφείου Δημοκρατικού Συναγερμού - Απόφαση για Σύμφωνο Συμβίωσης|publisher=Democratic Rally|date=7 June 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401211126/http://disy.org.cy/%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7-%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D-%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85-%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%BC%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%BF-%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%AF%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82.html|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/06/06/nicosia-readies-for-second-gay-pride-parade|title=Gay pride parade held in Nicosia|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Katy|last=Turner|date=6 June 2013|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401211323/http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/06/06/nicosia-readies-for-second-gay-pride-parade/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/06/18/civil-partnerships-a-reckless-novelty-bishop-says/|title=Civil partnerships a ‘reckless novelty’ Bishop says|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Jean|last=Christou|date=18 June 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401211709/http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/06/18/civil-partnerships-a-reckless-novelty-bishop-says/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
13. ^{{tr icon}} Temsilciler Meclisinde, sivil birlikte yaşama üzerine bir yasa tasarısı çoğunluk tarafından onaylandı
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/07/01/house-attempts-to-speed-up-civil-partnerships-bill/|title=House tinkers with civil partnership bill ahead of vote|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=George|last=Psyllides|date=1 July 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401212105/http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/07/01/house-attempts-to-speed-up-civil-partnerships-bill/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/07/09/civil-unions-bill-must-wait-after-backroom-moves-to-water-it-down/|title=Civil unions bill must wait after ‘backroom moves’ to water it down|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Elias|last=Hazou|date=9 July 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401212526/http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/07/09/civil-unions-bill-must-wait-after-backroom-moves-to-water-it-down/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/11/26/house-passes-htnerships-bill/|title=House passes historic civil partnerships bill|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Elias|last=Hazou|date=26 November 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401212848/http://cyprus-mail.com/2015/11/26/house-passes-htnerships-bill/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://in-cyprus.com/civil-unions-become-law/|title=Civil unions become law|publisher=Cyprus Weekly|date=26 November 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528214437/http://in-cyprus.com/civil-unions-become-law/|archivedate=28 May 2016}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/gpo/gpo.nsf/All/13619D477EE08945C2257F16002C668D/$file/4543%209%2012%202015%20PARARTIMA%201o%20MEROS%20I.pdf|title=ΕΠΙΣΗΜΗ ΕΦΗΜΕΡΙΔΑ ΤΗΣ ΚΥΠΡΙΑΚΗΣ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑΣ ΠΑΡΑΡΤΗΜΑ ΠΡΩΤΟ ΝΟΜΟΘΕΣΙΑ - ΜΕΡΟΣ Ι Αριθμός 4543 Τετάρτη ,9 Δεκεμβρίου 2015: Αριθμός 184(Ι) του 2015 ΝΟΜΟΣ ΠΟΥ ΠΡΟΝΟΕΙ ΓΙΑ ΤΗ ΣΥΝΑΨΗ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΚΗΣ ΣΥΜΒΙΩΣΗΣ|publisher=Ministry of Finance of Cyprus|pages=14-32|date=9 December 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401214130/http://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/gpo/gpo.nsf/All/13619D477EE08945C2257F16002C668D/$file/4543%209%2012%202015%20PARARTIMA%201o%20MEROS%20I.pdf|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://avmag.gr/60340/60340/|title=Τέθηκε σε ισχύ η πολιτική συμβίωση στην Κύπρο|publisher=Antivirus|date=11 December 2015|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401214526/http://avmag.gr/60340/60340/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://in-cyprus.com/civil-unions-bill-in-effect/|title=Civil Unions Bill in effect|publisher=Cyprus Weekly|date=22 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102139/http://in-cyprus.com/civil-unions-bill-in-effect/|archivedate=4 March 2016}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/01/20/first-civil-partnership-to-be-signed-interest-grows/|title=First civil partnership to be signed, interest grows|publisher=Cyprus Mail|first=Annette|last=Chrysostomou|date=20 January 2016|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401224522/http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/01/20/first-civil-partnership-to-be-signed-interest-grows/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/cyprus-first-public-gay-wedding-takes-aim-prejudices-185206480.html?ref=gs|title=Cyprus' first public gay wedding takes aim at prejudices|work=Associated Press|publisher=Yahoo! News|date=4 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822201241/https://www.yahoo.com/news/cyprus-first-public-gay-wedding-takes-aim-prejudices-185206480.html?ref=gs|archivedate=22 August 2016}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://in-cyprus.com/civil-unions-cyprus-weekly/|title=Civil unions bringing change to Cyprus|publisher=Cyprus Weekly|date=19 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427204707/http://in-cyprus.com/civil-unions-cyprus-weekly/|archivedate=27 April 2016}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://greece.greekreporter.com/2016/04/19/eight-same-sex-couples-enter-civil-partnership-in-cyprus/|title=Eight Same-Sex Couples Enter Civil Partnership in Cyprus|publisher=Greek Reporter|first=Evgenia|last=Choros|date=19 April 2016|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401223508/http://greece.greekreporter.com/2016/04/19/eight-same-sex-couples-enter-civil-partnership-in-cyprus/|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pridesource.com/article.html?article=78736|title=Gay Rights Groups Build Alliances to Counter Climate of Fear|work=Associated Press|publisher=Between the Lines|date=27 October 2016|accessdate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401223826/http://www.pridesource.com/article.html?article=78736|archivedate=1 April 2017}}
26. ^{{el icon}} Σύμφωνο συμβίωσης επιλέξαν 159 ετερόφυλα ζευγάρια και 26 ομόφυλα
27. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20080514204804/http://www.angus-reid.com/polls/view/14203 Eight EU Countries Back Same-Sex Marriage] Angus Reid Global Monitor
28. ^Special Eurobarometer 437 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017162431/http://www.equineteurope.org/IMG/pdf/ebs_437_en.pdf |date=17 October 2015 }}
29. ^Storm of protest over Archbishop’s anti-gay comments