| 词条 | Red Mountain Expressway Cut |
| 释义 |
| name = Red Mountain Expressway Cut | photo = Red Mountain Expressway Cut.jpg | photo_alt = | photo_caption = Looking east across the Red Mountain Expressway Cut. | photo_width = | map = USA Alabama | map_alt = | map_caption = Map of Alabama | map_width = | location = Birmingham, Alabama | nearest_city = | coords = {{coord|33.496|N|86.788|W|region:US-AL|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coords_ref = | area = {{Convert|8|acre}} | refnum = | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = | url = | embedded = {{designation list |embed=yes |designation1=NNL |designation1_date=1987}} }} The Red Mountain Expressway Cut, also known as the Red Mountain Geological Cut, is a section of Red Mountain that was blasted and removed in the 1960s to allow the Red Mountain Expressway to enter downtown Birmingham, Alabama. This highway links Birmingham with its southern suburbs of Homewood, Mountain Brook, and Vestavia Hills. It has spurred suburban growth towards the south of Birmingham. This section also provides the route for U.S. Route 31 (US 31) to the south (the Montgomery Highway) and US 280 to the southeast. The resultant cut exposes geological strata spanning millions of years (150 million years of geological time within {{convert|650|ft|m|disp=or}} of exposure),[1] including the red ore seam that spurred Birmingham's development. A new species of Lower Silurian (middle Llandovery epoch) phacopsid trilobite, Acaste birminghamensis, was first collected from exposures on Red Mountain. Named for the city, the new species was published in May 1972.[1] The cut was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1987.[2] Proposed tunnelOne of the original ideas proposed for linking Birmingham to its southern neighbors was the Red Mountain Tunnel project. This was seriously considered by the city and state highway engineers. Two alternate routes were proposed, one starting at 18th Street and the other from 22nd Street. Eventually the tunnel idea was abandoned due to its high cost and extended amount of time it would have taken. The Red Mountain Expressway Cut was built instead.[3] References1. ^{{cite journal |first= B. S. |last= Norford |url= http://jpaleontol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/46/3/348 |title= Acaste birminghamensis, a new lower Silurian trilobite from Alabama |journal= Journal of Paleontology |date=May 1972 |volume= 46 |issue= 3 |pages= 348–352}} 2. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.nature.nps.gov/nnl/docs/NNLRegistry.pdf |format= PDF |title= National Registry of Natural Landmarks |last= National Natural Landmarks Program |publisher= National Park Service |page= 1 |accessdate= 7 August 2011}} 3. ^{{cite news |title=Tunnel Board Pondering Two Routes Under Red Mountain |url=http://www.birminghamrewound.com/features/Tunnel(2-47).JPG |newspaper=Birmingham News |date=February 1947 |accessdate=October 26, 2012}} 6 : Geography of Birmingham, Alabama|Transportation in Birmingham, Alabama|National Natural Landmarks in Alabama|Geology of Alabama|U.S. Route 31|Freeways in the United States |
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