| 词条 | Mangochi | ||||||||
| 释义 |
|official_name = Mangochi |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = |motto = |image_skyline = Lake_malawi_mangochi.jpg |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Lake Malawi, on eastern edge of Mangochi |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Malawi |pushpin_mapsize=240 |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Malawi |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Malawi}} |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Southern Region |subdivision_type2 = District |subdivision_name2 = Mangochi District |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2008 |population_footnotes =[1] |population_note = |population_total = 51,429 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Languages |population_blank1 = Yao |population_blank2_title =Religions |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = +2 |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|14|27|36|S|35|16|12|E|region:MW|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 1541 |blank1_name_sec2 = Climate |blank1_info_sec2 = Aw |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Mangochi is a township in the Southern Region of Malawi. Located near the southern end of Lake Malawi, in colonial times it used to be called Fort Johnston. As of 2008 it has a population of 51,429. HistoryMangochi was founded by colonial administrator Sir Harry Johnston in the 1890s as a British colonial defence post on the littoral plain of the Shire River's western shore.[2] After this, Fort Johnston – as the town was then known – was an important slave market and administrative centre.[3] The British gunboat Gwendolen, named after Lady Gwendolen Gascoyne-Cecil, daughter of the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury,[4] was built in Mangochi in 1897.[3][5] At {{convert|340|short ton|t}}, it was the largest ship to sail on Lake Malawi until being scrapped shortly after World War II.[3] The gunboat, operated by the Protectorate of Nyasaland, is said to have fought the first naval battle of the First World War when it defeated the German vessel Hermann von Wissmann in August 1914.[6] Rioting in June 2003 injured three people.[7] From March to November 2007, roughly 480 children were "rescued" from child labour on tobacco farms in Mangochi.[8] In July 2008, elephants terrorised areas around Maldeco Fisheries in Mangochi and caused several deaths and damage to property, mainly crops.[9] The Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Culture proposed moving the elephants into several game reserves, although the proposal stalled when some residents said they wanted the elephants to remain.[9] GeographyMangochi is at an elevation of {{convert|1541|ft}}, near the southern end of Lake Malawi, between the main lakeshore road and the Shire River[3] and 5 miles (8 km) south of its entrance into Lake Malombe.[2] The town is roughly {{convert|120|mi}} northeast of Blantyre, Malawi's largest city.[7] It is situated {{convert|1.4|mi}} away from Mponda, {{convert|2.2|mi}} away from Chipalamawamba, {{convert|2|mi}} away from Mbaluku Laini and {{convert|1.4|mi}} away from Yangala. ClimateMangochi has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen: Aw). {{Weather box|location = Mangochi |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 30.1 |Feb high C = 30.0 |Mar high C = 30.2 |Apr high C = 29.5 |May high C = 28.1 |Jun high C = 26.5 |Jul high C = 26.3 |Aug high C = 28.3 |Sep high C = 31.4 |Oct high C = 33.6 |Nov high C = 33.2 |Dec high C = 31.0 |year high C = 29.9 |Jan mean C = 25.5 |Feb mean C = 25.4 |Mar mean C = 25.3 |Apr mean C = 24.3 |May mean C = 22.1 |Jun mean C = 20.3 |Jul mean C = 20.1 |Aug mean C = 21.8 |Sep mean C = 24.5 |Oct mean C = 26.9 |Nov mean C = 27.3 |Dec mean C = 26.1 |year mean C = 24.1 |Jan low C = 21.6 |Feb low C = 21.5 |Mar low C = 21.1 |Apr low C = 19.8 |May low C = 16.7 |Jun low C = 14.2 |Jul low C = 14.3 |Aug low C = 15.4 |Sep low C = 17.8 |Oct low C = 20.8 |Nov low C = 22.0 |Dec low C = 22.0 |year low C = 18.9 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 194.2 |Feb precipitation mm = 200.8 |Mar precipitation mm = 144.0 |Apr precipitation mm = 36.6 |May precipitation mm = 5.7 |Jun precipitation mm = 4.4 |Jul precipitation mm = 3.9 |Aug precipitation mm = 1.5 |Sep precipitation mm = 3.0 |Oct precipitation mm = 15.9 |Nov precipitation mm = 64.2 |Dec precipitation mm = 172.0 |year precipitation mm = 846.2 |Jan humidity = 78 |Feb humidity = 78 |Mar humidity = 76 |Apr humidity = 73 |May humidity = 60 |Jun humidity = 66 |Jul humidity = 62 |Aug humidity = 57 |Sep humidity = 50 |Oct humidity = 50 |Nov humidity = 59 |Dec humidity = 72 |year humidity = 65 |unit precipitation days = 0.3 mm |Jan precipitation days = 16 |Feb precipitation days = 14 |Mar precipitation days = 13 |Apr precipitation days = 6 |May precipitation days = 2 |Jun precipitation days = 2 |Jul precipitation days = 2 |Aug precipitation days = 2 |Sep precipitation days = 1 |Oct precipitation days = 2 |Nov precipitation days = 7 |Dec precipitation days = 14 |year precipitation days = 81 |Jan sun = 204.6 |Feb sun = 187.6 |Mar sun = 238.7 |Apr sun = 252.0 |May sun = 279.0 |Jun sun = 255.0 |Jul sun = 257.3 |Aug sun = 279.0 |Sep sun = 288.0 |Oct sun = 300.7 |Nov sun = 258.0 |Dec sun = 207.7 |year sun = 3007.6 |Jand sun = 6.6 |Febd sun = 6.7 |Mard sun = 7.7 |Aprd sun = 8.4 |Mayd sun = 9.0 |Jund sun = 8.5 |Juld sun = 8.3 |Augd sun = 9.0 |Sepd sun = 9.6 |Octd sun = 9.7 |Novd sun = 8.6 |Decd sun = 6.7 |yeard sun = |source 1 = NOAA[10] }} DemographicsPopulation development
Languages and ethnicitiesYao, specifically of the Mangochi dialect, is the main language spoken in this town.[12] A Swahili settlement was also established in Mangochi.[13] Mangochi is mainly inhabited by the Yao people.[2]EconomyMangochi was developed as an agricultural centre and has marine-engineering shops. Cash crops grown in the area include tobacco, cotton, and groundnuts.[2] Rice and maize are intensively grown along the lakeshore, and commercial fishing is also important.[2] FacilitiesAmenitiesAmenities include several shops, supermarkets, a post office and banks.[3] BridgesWithin Mangochi there is the Bakili Muluzi Bridge, which Lonely Planet described as "scenic".[3] MuseumsThe Lake Malawi Museum houses ethnic, environmental, and historical exhibits.[3] They include the Hotchkiss gun[3] with which the British gunboat Gwendolen defeated the German gunboat Hermann von Wissmann with a single shot in their brief naval engagement in August 1914. The museum has also a scale model of the Gwendolen.[3] An even older exhibit is a marine steam engine that was built in 1898 and powered the Universities' Mission to Central Africa's SS Chauncy Maples until 1953.[14] ReligionMangochi is home to a large mosque[3] as well as a modern Catholic Cathedral.[15] ClocksMangochi is home to a clock tower erected in honour of Queen Victoria, dating back to the early 20th century.[15] TransportMangochi is located just off the M3 road.[15] All buses travelling from Monkey Bay to Blantyre stop in Mangochi.[3] Minibuses travel to Liwonde, Zomba, and Blantyre.[3] Matolas travel to Liwonde National Park and to the border town of Chiponde.[3] TourismMangochi is described by Lonely Planet as having a "vaguely Swahili feel", with "palm trees, Arab-looking people and coconuts for sale in the street."[3] There are several guesthouses and lodges for tourists in Mangochi.[3] References1. ^ {{coord|14|28|S| 35|16|E|region:MW_type:city|display=title}}{{Authority control}}2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/362011/Mangochi|title=Mangochi|accessdate=18 July 2008|work=Encyclopædia Britannica |year=2008}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 {{cite book|page=205|title=Lonely Planet Southern Africa: Join the Safari|year=2007|last=Murphy|first=Alan|author2=Armstrong, Kate |author3=Firestone, Matthew D. |author4= Fitzpatrick, Mary |isbn=1-74059-745-1|publisher=Lonely Planet}} 4. ^Janie Hampton, "Victory on Lake Nyasa", History Today, vol 64, no. 7, 2014] 5. ^{{cite book|page=101|title=Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I|year=1919|last=Jane|first=Frederick Thomas|isbn=|publisher=Military Press}} 6. ^[https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=7964023 The Story of the Rhodesias and Nyasaland A. J. Hanna Faber and Faber, 1960] 7. ^1 {{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |title=Soldiers Sent To Help Quell Riots in Malawi |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C00E6DA173AF93AA15755C0A9659C8B63 |work=The New York Times |publisher=|date=29 June 2003 |accessdate=17 July 2008 }} 8. ^{{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |title=Attitudes to Child Labour Changing |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200711191244.html |work=UN Integrated Regional Information Networks |publisher=AllAfrica|date=19 November 2006 |accessdate=17 July 2008 }} 9. ^1 {{cite news |first=Karen |last=Msiska |authorlink= |title=Mangochi against removal of elephants|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200711191244.html |work=The Daily Times |publisher=|date=7 July 2008 |accessdate=18 July 2008 }} 10. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/MW/67695.TXT| title = Mangochi Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = 8 March 2015}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&dat=32&srt=pnan&col=dq&geo=-150 |title=World Gazetteer: Malawi: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population |accessdate=17 July 2008 |work=World Gazetteer |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080804143823/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&dat=32&srt=pnan&col=dq&geo=-150 |archivedate=4 August 2008 |df= }} 12. ^{{cite book|pages=85–89|title=Language Planning and Policy in Africa: Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique and South Africa|isbn=1-85359-725-2|year=2004|last=Baldauf |first=Richard B.|author2=Kaplan, Robert}} 13. ^Baldauf, p. 91 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chauncymaples.org/ship/default.php |title=The Ship |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=2009–2011 |work=Chauncy Maples, Lake Malawi's Clinic |publisher=Chauncy Maples Trust |accessdate=28 July 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316235902/http://www.chauncymaples.org/ship/default.php |archivedate=16 March 2012 |df= }} 15. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.malawitourism.com/Pages/The%20Regions/South/mangochi.html |title=Mangochi |accessdate=18 July 2008 |work=Malawi Tourism |publisher= |date= }} 2 : Populated places in Malawi|Populated places in Southern Region, Malawi |
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