| 词条 | Resources for clinical ethics consultation |
| 释义 |
Clinical ethics support services initially developed in the United States of America, following court cases such as the Karen Ann Quinlan case, which stressed the need for mechanisms to resolve ethical disputes within health care. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations requirement for hospitals, nursing homes, and home care agencies to have a standing mechanism to address ethical issues has also fostered this development (this requirement no longer appears in the Joint Commission regulations, however). Despite initial doubts as the possibility of importing what was initially felt to be a specificity of the US system, ethics support services have developed in many other countries, including Canada[1] but also various countries in Europe[2] and Asia.[3] In order to share experience and resources among these clinical research ethics consultation and support services, networks and platforms have increasingly developed.[4] This page is intended to summarise existing online resources aimed at assisting new and developing clinical ethics support services. Its goal is to make these resources more easily accessible. Listing in this page does not constitute endorsement of the various contents: users will still need to judge the value of these resources for themselves. It is reasonable to suppose that these resources will increasingly be international. Because of the role of the English language in international communication, multi-lingual resources whose languages include English are given in their English title. Those not available in English are given in their original language. Clinical ethics consultation networksListed by countryCanadaProvincial Health Ethics Network (Alberta)United KingdomUK clinical ethics networkUnited States of AmericaKansas Health Ethics Committee NetworkMaryland Healthcare Ethics Committee NetworkMidwest Ethics Committee NetworkJohns Hopkins Research Ethics Consulting ServiceNational and international guidelines on clinical ethicsListed by countryWorld Medical Association[https://web.archive.org/web/20060620012925/http://www.wma.net/e/policy/c8.htm International code of medical ethics] AustraliaAustralian Medical Association code of ethicsCanadaCanadian Medical Association code of ethicsIndiaMedical Council of India code of ethicsNew ZealandNew Zealand Medical Association code of ethicsSwitzerlandMedical ethics recommendations of the Swiss Academy of Medical SciencesUnited Kingdom[https://web.archive.org/web/20101129220139/http://www.bma.org.uk/ethics/index.jsp British Medical Association's Medical Ethics portal] British General Medical Council’s Guidance on Good Medical PracticeUnited States of AmericaAmerican Medical Association code of ethicsClinical ethics committee guidelinesMany clinical ethics support services develop guidelines and advise policy within the health care setting. While the conclusions of consultations regarding individual patients are, of course, confidential, general ethical guidelines and policy advice regarding ethical difficulties which come up repeatedly in clinical care are not. Some ethics support services make these guidelines available online. Adding yours will make these resources more useful! Listed by countrySwitzerlandRecommandations du Conseil d'éthique clinique de GenèveMethodological resourcesSome networks and consultation services have developed tools and guidelines for the practice of clinical ethics consultation, and made them available online. The following sites provide tools, documents, and advice for new or developing clinical ethics support services: SwitzerlandRecommandations on "Ethics Support in medicine" from the Swiss Academy of Medical SciencesUnited KingdomUK Clinical Ethics Network practical guide for clinical ethics supportUnited States of AmericaUniversity of Washington guide on clinical ethics committees and consultationVeterans' Administration (US) IntegratedEthics Tools and MaterialsOnline books[https://books.google.com/books?id=_14H7MOw1o4C&pg=PA57 Principles of Biomedical Ethics (Tom L. Beauchamp, James F. Childress)] [https://books.google.com/books?id=noa6r0wPLdQC&pg=PA56 Ethics Consultation: from theory to practice (Mark P. Aulisio, Robert M. Arnold, Stuart J. Youngner)] [https://books.google.com/books?id=qMRLwuhEvYQC&pg=PA84 Ethics Consultation (John La Puma, David L. Schiedermayer)] [https://books.google.com/books?id=FkgrwOcqZCMC&printsec=frontcover&hl=en&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0 Cambridge textbook of bioethics (Peter A. Singer, Adrian M. Viens)] Selected articlesASBH Task Force on Health Care Ethics Consultation: Nature, Goals, and CompetenciesClinical bioethics integration, sustainability, and accountability: the Hub and Spokes Strategy by the University of Toronto Joint Centre for BioethicsClinical ethics, information, and communication: review of 31 cases from a clinical ethics committee (Norway)Moral Deliberation in the NetherlandsClinical ethics consultation in SwitzerlandReport on the conference “clinical ethics consultation: theories and methods—implementation—evaluation,” February 11–15, 2008, Bochum, GermanyOnline tutorialsListed by languageEnglishSkill Building in Ethics Case Consultation at the Neiswanger InstituteFrenchÉtudes de cas du Conseil d'éthique clinique de GenèveInternational and national conferences[https://web.archive.org/web/20090630095310/http://www.bioethics-international.org/iab-2.0/index.php?show=index International Association of Bioethics] International Conference on Clinical Ethics and ConsultationCanadaCanadian Bioethics SocietySwitzerlandSociété Suisse d'Éthique Biomédicale / Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Biomedizinische EthikUnited States of AmericaAmerican Society for Bioethics and the HumanitiesSee also{{Portal|Ethics|Medicine}}{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}
References1. ^MacRae S. et al: Clinical bioethics integration, sustainability, and accountability: the Hub and Spokes Strategy Journal of Medical Ethics 2005;31:256-261 2. ^Forde R. et al: Clinical ethics, information, and communication: review of 31 cases from a clinical ethics committee. J Med Ethics. 2005 Feb;31(2):73-7 3. ^Fukuyama M. et al: A report on small team clinical ethics consultation programmes in Japan. J Med Ethics. 2008 Dec;34(12):858-62 4. ^Slowther A. et al: Development of clinical ethics committees. BMJ.2004;328(7445):950–952 Further reading
External links
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