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词条 Manuel Bulnes
释义

  1. Presidency 1841 - 1851

      Cabinet  

  2. Sources

{{Infobox president
|name = Manuel Bulnes
|image = ManuelBulnes.JPG
|order1 = 4th
|office1 = President of Chile
|term_start1 = 18 September 1841
|term_end1 = 18 September 1851
|predecessor1 = José Joaquín Prieto
|successor1 = Manuel Montt
|birth_date = 25 December 1799
|birth_place = Concepción, Chile
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1866|10|18|1799|12|25}}
|death_place = Santiago, Chile
|party = Conservative Party
|spouse = Enriqueta Pinto
|children = Lucia Bulnes de Vergara
|battles=Chilean War of Independence
  • Battle of Quechereguas
  • Second Battle of Cancha Rayada
  • Battle of Maipú
Chilean Civil War of 1829–30
  • Battle of Lircay

Campaign against the Pincheira brothers

  • Battle of Epulafquén
War of the Confederation
  • Battle of Buin
  • Battle of Yungay
Revolution of 1851
  • Battle of Loncomilla

}}

Manuel Bulnes Prieto ({{IPA-es|maˈnwel ˈβulnes|am}}; December 25, 1799 – October 18, 1866) was a Chilean military and political figure. He was twice President of Chile, from 1841 to 1846 and from 1846 to 1851.

Born in Concepción, he served as the president of Chile between 1841 and 1851. At the age of 16 he was imprisoned as a revolutionary by the Spanish authorities, but was soon released, and in 1818 joined the army of San Martin under whom he served as colonel throughout the Chilean War of Independence. After three years of continuous warfare (1820–23), he accomplished the temporary conquest of the Araucanian Indians. He was appointed brigadier general in 1831. In 1832 he crossed the Cordillera and defeated decisively the Pincheira brothers in the battle of Epulafquén. Then Bulnes commanded the Chilean army in 1838 against Gen. Santa Cruz in Peru; and, after taking Lima and winning the battles of Huaraz and Puente del Buin, combined his forces with those of Gamarra and defeated Santa Cruz at the Battle of Yungay (January 19, 1839), thus putting an end to the confederation between Peru and Bolivia.

Presidency 1841 - 1851

His presidencies were characterised by educational and cultural expansion, supported by the encouragement of foreign intellectuals to come to Chile. The National Institute was reformed and several junior schools were established along with the José Abelardo Núñez Upper School. In Santiago the University of Chile was founded during his watch, in 1842, as well as a technical training school from which the University of Santiago is descended.

Bulnes also presided over a general amnesty in order to reconcile the groups who had opposed one another in the Civil War of 1829.

Regarding the nation's strategic goals, Bulnes founded Fuerte Bulnes in 1843 in order to establish and enforce sovereignty over the Magellan Straits. The settlement was relocated to Punta Arenas six years later because the original site offered insufficient space for the development of a settled community: it was and remains the most southerly municipality in the world, and has been a focus for economic development in the south of the country. Germans were targeted to colonise the hitherto very sparsely inhabited southern part of Chile in the wake of the 1848 revolutions which provided an impetus for emigration from the European perspective.

It was also during the presidency of Bulnes that the former colonial power, Spain, acknowledged the independence of Chile and became involved in the construction of Chile's first railway.

Manuel Bulnes Prieto died in Santiago.

Cabinet

{{Infobox Chile Cabinet Historical
|align=center
|Name=Bulnes
|President=Manuel Bulnes
|President start=18 September 1841
|President end=18 September 1851
|Interior Foreign Affairs=Ramón Luis Yrarrázabal
|Interior Foreign Affairs start=19 May 1841
|Interior Foreign Affairs end=10 April 1845
|Interior Foreign Affairs 2=Manuel Montt
|Interior Foreign Affairs start 2=10 April 1845
|Interior Foreign Affairs end 2=18 September 1846
|Interior Foreign Affairs 3=Manuel Camilo Vial
|Interior Foreign Affairs start 3=18 September 1846
|Interior Foreign Affairs end 3=12 June 1849
|Interior Foreign Affairs 4=José Joaquín Pérez
|Interior Foreign Affairs start 4=12 June 1849
|Interior Foreign Affairs end 4=19 April 1850
|Interior Foreign Affairs 5=Antonio Varas
|Interior Foreign Affairs start 5=19 April 1850
|Interior Foreign Affairs end 5=
|War Navy=General José María de la Cruz
|War Navy start=18 September 1841
|War Navy end=20 April 1842
|War Navy 2=General José Santiago Aldunate
|War Navy start 2=20 April 1842
|War Navy end 2=18 September 1846
|War Navy 3=General José Manuel Borgoño
|War Navy start 3=18 September 1846
|War Navy end 3=8 April 1848
|War Navy 4=Pedro Nolasco Vidal
|War Navy start 4=8 April 1848
|War Navy end 4=18 September 1851
|Finance=Manuel Rengifo
|Finance start=18 September 1841
|Finance end=10 April 1845
|Finance 2=José Joaquín Pérez
|Finance start 2=10 April 1845
|Finance end 2=22 September 1846
|Finance 3=Manuel Camilo Vial
|Finance start 3=22 September 1846
|Finance end 3=9 May 1848
|Finance 4=Salvador Sanfuentes
|Finance start 4=9 May 1848
|Finance end 4=12 June 1849
|Finance 5=Antonio García Reyes
|Finance start 5=12 June 1849
|Finance end 5=19 April 1850
|Finance 6=Jerónimo Urmeneta
|Finance start 6=19 April 1850
|Finance end 6=7 May 1852
|Justice Clergy Instruction=Manuel Montt
|Justice Clergy Instruction start=27 March 1841
|Justice Clergy Instruction end=10 April 1845
|Justice Clergy Instruction 2=Antonio Varas
|Justice Clergy Instruction start 2=10 April 1845
|Justice Clergy Instruction end 2=18 September 1846
|Justice Clergy Instruction 3=Salvador Sanfuentes
|Justice Clergy Instruction start 3=18 September 1846
|Justice Clergy Instruction end 3=12 June 1849
|Justice Clergy Instruction 4=Manuel Antonio Tocornal
|Justice Clergy Instruction start 4=12 June 1849
|Justice Clergy Instruction end 4=2 July 1850
|Justice Clergy Instruction 5=Máximo Mujica
|Justice Clergy Instruction start 5=2 July 1850
|Justice Clergy Instruction end 5=18 September 1851
}}

Sources

  • Juan B. Alberdi, Biografia de general Bulnes (Santiago, 1846)
  • {{NIE}}
{{s-start}}{{s-off}}{{succession box
| title=President of Chile
| before=José Joaquín Prieto
| after=Manuel Montt
| years=1841-1851}}{{s-mil}}{{succession box
| title=Army Commander-in-chief
| before=José Joaquín Prieto
| after=Marcos Maturana
| years=1841-1866}}{{s-end}}{{Presidents of Chile}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bulnes, Manuel}}

15 : 1799 births|1866 deaths|People from Concepción, Chile|Chilean people of Cantabrian descent|Conservative Party (Chile) politicians|Presidents of Chile|Members of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile|Members of the Senate of Chile|Candidates for President of Chile|Chilean Army generals|Chilean military personnel of the War of the Confederation|People of the Chilean War of Independence|People of the 1851 Chilean Revolution|Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera alumni|Chilean people of Spanish descent

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