| 词条 | Richard Grenell |
| 释义 |
|name = Richard Grenell |image = Richard Grenell official photo.jpg |office = United States Ambassador to Germany |president = Donald Trump |term_start = May 8, 2018 |term_end = |predecessor = John B. Emerson |successor = |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1966|09|18}} |birth_place = Jenison, Michigan, U.S. |death_date = |death_place = |party = Republican |education = Evangel University (BA) Harvard University (MPA) }}Richard Allen Grenell (born September 18, 1966) is the current United States Ambassador to Germany. He was previously the longest serving U.S. spokesman at the United Nations. Grenell also briefly served as national security spokesman for Mitt Romney in his 2012 campaign for President of the United States, becoming the first openly gay spokesman for a Republican presidential candidate.[1][2] In September 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Grenell as U.S. Ambassador to Germany.[3] He was confirmed by the Senate by a vote of 56–42 on April 26, 2018.[4] He presented his credentials to the President of Germany on May 8, 2018. Early life and educationGrenell graduated with a bachelor's degree in Government and Public Administration from Evangel University in Springfield, Missouri. He received a master's degree in Public Administration from Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government [5] CareerPrior to his post at the UN, Grenell was a political adviser to a number of prominent Republicans, including George Pataki and Dave Camp.[6] United Nations (2001–2008)In 2001, Grenell was appointed by President George W. Bush as Director of Communications and Public Diplomacy for the United States Permanent Representative to the United Nations. Serving in that role until 2008, Grenell became the longest serving U.S. spokesman at the United Nations, advising four different U.S. Ambassadors. During his tenure, Grenell led communication strategies on such issues as the War on Terror, global peacekeeping operations, Iran and North Korea's nuclear weapons programs, and the UN Oil for Food corruption scandal.[5] 2009–2017In 2009, Grenell founded Capitol Media Partners, an international strategic media and public affairs consultancy with offices in Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, and Washington, D.C.[5] He is under contract with Fox News where he is a "Contributor" commenting on foreign affairs and the media.[7][8] He has written for The Wall Street Journal,[9][10] CBS News,[11][12] CNN,[13] Politico,[14] Huffington Post,[15] The Washington Times,[16] Newsmax,[17] and Al Jazeera.[18] In 2012, CNN ranked Grenell's social media outreach as one of the top 5,[19] and Time magazine named Grenell as one of the Top 10 Political Twitter Feeds of 2014.[20] In 2013, Grenell was a signatory to an amicus curiae brief submitted to the Supreme Court in support of same-sex marriage during the Hollingsworth v. Perry case.[21] Ambassador to GermanyIn September 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Grenell to become the United States Ambassador to Germany. After a significant delay, the Senate confirmed Grenell 56–42 on April 26, 2018.[22] He was sworn in by Vice President Mike Pence on May 7, 2018, making Grenell the highest-ranking openly gay official ever in a Republican administration.[23][24] Grenell was also under consideration for the posts of U.S. Ambassador to NATO and United States Ambassador to the United Nations.[25][26] In May 2018, within hours of taking office in Berlin as US Ambassador, Grenell offended diplomats and business leaders when he tweeted that “German companies doing business in Iran should wind down operations immediately.”[27] The tweet was widely perceived as a threat, with the Foreign Minister of Luxembourg, Jean Asselborn, commenting that "This man was accredited as ambassador only yesterday. To give German businesses such orders … that’s just not how you can treat your allies.”[28] The leader of Germany's Social Democratic Party stated that Grenell "does appear to need some tutoring" in the "fine art of diplomacy", while the Die Linke party urged the Merkel government to summon Grenell to explain his comments.[28] In June 2018, Grenell stirred controversy by telling right-wing news outlet Breitbart News, "I absolutely want to empower other conservatives throughout Europe, other leaders."[29] It was viewed as anti-establishment.[30][31] This was described as a breach of diplomatic protocol and a breach of Article 14 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, which requires ambassadors to be politically neutral in the domestic politics of the countries where they serve.[32][29] Prominent German politicians called for Grenell's dismissal.[33][34][35][36] Martin Schulz, former leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, said, "What this man is doing is unheard of in international diplomacy. If a German ambassador were to say in Washington that he is there to boost the Democrats, he would have been kicked out immediately."[33] Grenell was a regular contributor on Fox News's Tucker Carlson Tonight during the first few months of his Ambassadorship in Germany. In November 2018 he made an appearance where he repeated his criticism of Angela Merkel's immigration policies and compared her unfavorably to the recently-elected Chancellor of Austria Sebastian Kurz, whom he claimed "won in a very big way" because of his strict stance on immigration. The magazine Der Spiegel called it a "thinly veiled call for a change of government in Berlin".[37] In December 2018, during the affair surrounding Der Spiegel journalist Claas Relotius, Grenell wrote to the magazine complaining about an anti-American institutional bias ("Anti-Amerikanismus") and asked for an independent investigation.[38][39] Grenell wrote that "These fake news stories largely focus on U.S. policies and certain segments of the American people."[40] In January 2019, Grenell told Handelsblatt that European companies participating in the construction of Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline are "always in danger, because sanctions are always possible". The Trump administration has long opposed the Russian-backed Nord Stream 2 — a pipeline for delivering natural gas from Russia to Germany.[41] Within that context he also sent letters to German companies involved in the construction of said Nord Stream 2, threatening sanctions. [42] In response, Angela Merkel's successor as leader of the Christian Democrat Union, Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer, stated that "The American Ambassador operates in a, shall I say, somewhat unusual diplomatic manner."[43] Der Spiegel published a profile of Grenell on January 11, 2019, using interviews with 30 “American and German diplomats, cabinet members, lawmakers, high-ranking officials, lobbyists and think tank experts". The magazine claimed that "Almost all of these sources paint an unflattering portrait of the ambassador, one remarkably similar to Donald Trump, the man who sent him to Berlin. A majority of them describe Grenell as a vain, narcissistic person who dishes out aggressively, but can barely handle criticism." The profile claimed that Grenell is politically isolated in Berlin because of his association with the far-right Alternative for Germany Party, causing the leaders of the mainstream German parties, including the Chancellor herself, to avoid contact with him.[44] The sources claimed that Grenell "knows little about Germany and Europe, that he ignores most of the dossiers his colleagues at the embassy write for him, and that his knowledge of the subject matter is superficial."[44]In March 2019, Wolfgang Kubicki, deputy chairman of the Free Democratic Party, called for Grenell to be expelled from Germany, stating, "Any U.S. diplomat who acts like a high commissioner of an occupying power must learn that our tolerance also knows its limits."[45] Personal lifeGrenell is a registered Republican.[46] In June 2013, Grenell revealed that he had been diagnosed with non-Hodgkins lymphoma and started chemotherapy.[47] In September 2013, Grenell announced that he was in remission.[48] Grenell has a longtime partner, Matt Lashey.[49] References1. ^{{cite news |date=April 6, 2012 |title=Mitt Romney’s Appointment of Gay Aide Richard Grenell Signals New Attitude |url=http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/04/romney-appt-of-gay-aide-signals-new-attitude/ |agency=ABC News }} 2. ^{{cite news |date=April 24, 2012 |title=Mitt Romney's Gay Spokesman: A Milestone in Republican Politics |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2012/04/mitt-romneys-gay-spokesman-a-milestone-in-republican-politics/256263/ |newspaper=The Atlantic }} 3. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/trump-picks-42-key-administration-nominees-including-heads-of-nasa-and-office-of-national-drug-control-policy/article/2633254|title=Trump picks 42 key administration nominees, including heads of NASA and Office of National Drug Control Policy|last=Giaritelli|first=Anna|work=Washington Examiner|access-date=September 2, 2017|language=en}} 4. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/senate-confirms-grenell-as-ambassador-to-germany-over-democrats-objections/2018/04/26/c6febd70-4979-11e8-9072-f6d4bc32f223_story.html |title=Senate confirms Grenell as ambassador to Germany over Democrats’ objections |last=Demirjian |first=Karoun |date=April 26, 2018 |work=Washington Post |access-date=April 27, 2018 |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://richardgrenell.com/about/ |title=About|publisher=richardgrenell.com}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/05/richard-grenell-openly-gay-romney-spokesman-resigns-from-post/|title=Richard Grenell, Openly Gay Romney Spokesman, Resigns From Post|date=May 1, 2012|agency=ABC News}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.foxnews.com/archive/richard-grenell/index.html|title=Richard Grenell|publisher=Fox News|accessdate=June 5, 2018}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.mediaite.com/tv/richard-grenell-re-signs-with-fox-news-through-election-2016/|title=Richard Grenell Re-Signs with Fox News Through Election 2016|date=October 15, 2014|agency=Mediaite}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303610504577419973861004532|title=Marriage, Gay Republicans and the Election|last=Grenell|first=Richard|date=May 22, 2012|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal}} 10. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203611404577044123819688612|title=Obama's Failing Iran Diplomacy |last=Grenell |first=Richard|date=November 21, 2011|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal}} 11. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/holden-caulfield-and-me/|title=Holden Caulfield and Me|last=Grenell|first=Richard|date=January 30, 2010|agency=CBS News}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/why-yahoo-ought-to-follow-googles-lead-on-china/ |title=Why Yahoo Ought to Follow Google's Lead on China|last=Grenell|first=Richard|date=April 18, 2010|agency=CBS News}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/OPINION/12/01/grenell.obama.afghanistan/index.html|title=GOP rescuing Obama's Afghan policy|last=Grenell|first=Richard|date=December 1, 2009|agency=CNN}} 14. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.politico.com/arena/bio/richard_a_grenell.html|title=Arena Profile: Richard A. Grenell|newspaper=Politico}} 15. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/richard-grenell/|title=Richard Grenell |last=Grenell|first=Richard|newspaper=The Huffington Post}} 16. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2015/mar/19/richard-grenell-nigeria-brink/|title=Nigeria on the brink|last=Grenell |first=Richard|date=March 19, 2015|newspaper=The Washington Times}} 17. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.newsmax.com/TheWire/burma-syria-grenell-obama/2012/11/19/id/464748/|title=Obama Praises Burma, Ignores Strife in Iran, Syria|last=Grenell|first=Richard|date=November 19, 2012|agency=Newsmax}} 18. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/focus/2009/12/200912301195192887.html|title=A year of little change for Obama|last=Grenell|first=Richard |date=December 30, 2009|agency=Al Jazeera}} 19. ^{{cite news|url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2012/08/31/cnns-gut-check-for-august-31-2012/|title=CNN's Gut Check for August 31, 2012 |date=August 31, 2012|agency=CNN}} 20. ^{{cite news|url=http://time.com/84183/richard-grenell-twitter-feeds-follow-2014/|title=The Best Twitter Feeds of 2014: Richard Grenell|date=May 5, 2014|newspaper=Time}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/28/the-pro-freedom-republicans-are-coming-131-sign-gay-marriage-brief.html|title=The Pro-Freedom Republicans Are Coming: 131 Sign Gay-Marriage Brief|date=February 28, 2013|newspaper=The Daily Beast}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/senate-confirms-richard-grenell-trump-nominee-for-ambassador-to-germany_us_5ae1fb3ae4b02baed1b7e9f4|title=Senate Confirms Richard Grenell, Trump Nominee For Ambassador To Germany|last=Blumberg|first=Antonia|date=April 26, 2018|via=Huff Post|accessdate=June 6, 2018}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/may/7/richard-grenell-gay-ambassador-sworn-mike-pence/|title=Richard Grenell, gay ambassador, sworn in by Mike Pence|last=http://www.washingtontimes.com|first=The Washington Times|accessdate=June 6, 2018}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/openly-gay-u-s-ambassador-germany-makes-republican-history-n869641|title=Openly gay U.S. ambassador to Germany makes Republican history|date=June 6, 2018|publisher=NBC News}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-03-08/trump-said-to-pick-former-un-spokesman-grenell-for-nato-post|title=Trump to Pick Former UN Spokesman Grenell for NATO Post, White House Says|date=March 8, 2017|via=www.bloomberg.com|accessdate=June 6, 2018}} 26. ^"The president-elect was considering tapping Richard Grenell as U.S. ambassador to the United Nations." – Chicago Tribune, November 14, 2016 27. ^{{cite article| url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/new-us-ambassador-to-germany-offends-hosts-just-hours-into-his-first-day_us_5af337d2e4b0859d11cfcd5f| title=New U.S. Ambassador to Germany Offends Hosts Just Hours Into His First Day| author=Antonia Blumberg| publisher=Huffington Post| date=2018-05-09| access-date=2018-01-14}} 28. ^1 {{cite article| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/world/wp/2018/05/09/hours-into-his-new-job-trumps-ambassador-to-germany-offends-his-hosts/?utm_term=.f655d07387b5| title=Hours into his new job, Trump's ambassador to Germany offends his hosts| author=Rick Noack| publisher=Washington Post| date=2018-05-09| access-date=2019-01-14}} 29. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jun/04/new-us-ambassador-to-germany-under-fire-for-rightwing-support|title=New US ambassador to Germany under fire for rightwing support|last=Oltermann|first=Philip|date=June 4, 2018|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=June 4, 2018}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/06/06/state-department-diplomacy-defends-richard-grenell-breitbart-interview-germany-calling-for-expulsion-trump-white-house-transatlantic-relations|title=State Department Defends Trump’s Man in Berlin After Diplomatic Firestorm|author=Robbie Gramer|date=6 June 2018|website=ForeignPolicy.com|access-date=15 June 2018}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/390462-trumps-german-ambassador-says-he-wants-to-empower-european|title=Trump’s ambassador to Germany says he wants to ‘empower’ European conservatives|author=Luis Sanchez|date=3 June 2018|website=TheHill.com|access-date=15 June 2018}} 32. ^{{cite article| url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/u-s-ambassador-richard-grenell-is-isolated-in-berlin-a-1247610.html| title=Trump's Ambassador Finds Few Friends in Germany| author=Konstantin von Hammerstein| publisher=Der Spiegel| date=2019-01-11| access-date=2019-01-14}} 33. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/german-politicians-call-for-expulsion-of-trumps-envoy|title=German Politicians Call for Expulsion of Trump's Envoy|date=June 5, 2018|website=The Daily Beast|language=en|access-date=June 6, 2018}} 34. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.zeit.de/news/2018-06/04/deutschland-eu-parlamentarier-brok-kritisiert-us-botschafter-interview-auf-breitbart-04152803|title=Deutschland: EU-Parlamentarier Brok kritisiert US-Botschafter-Interview auf "Breitbart"|work=ZEIT ONLINE|access-date=2018-06-10|language=de}} 35. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.dw.com/en/us-ambassador-richard-grenell-should-reconsider-role-after-europe-comments-german-lawmaker/a-44089702|title=US ambassador Richard Grenell should 'reconsider role' after Europe comments: German lawmaker {{!}} DW {{!}} 06.06.2018|last=(www.dw.com)|first=Deutsche Welle|website=DW.COM|language=en|access-date=2018-06-10}} 36. ^{{Cite news|url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2018/06/06/richard-grenell-u-s-ambassador-germany-should-reconsider-role-lawmaker-says/676189002/|title=German lawmaker says U.S. Ambassador Richard Grenell should reconsider role after 'empowerment' comments|work=USA TODAY|access-date=2018-06-10|language=en}} 37. ^{{cite article| url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/u-s-ambassador-richard-grenell-is-isolated-in-berlin-a-1247610.html| title=Trump's Ambassador Finds Few Friends in Germany| author=Konstantin von Hammerstein| publisher=Der Spiegel| date=2019-01-11| access-date=2019-01-14}} 38. ^{{cite news|last1=Connolly|first1=Kate|last2=Le Blond|first2=Josie|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/23/anti-america-bias-der-spiegel-scandal-relotius|title=Der Spiegel takes the blame for scandal of reporter who faked stories|work=The Guardian|date=23 December 2018|access-date=23 December 2018}} 39. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article185986368/Fall-Relotius-US-Botschaft-wirft-Spiegel-eklatanten-Anti-Amerikanismus-vor.html| title=US-Botschaft wirft „Spiegel“ „eklatanten Anti-Amerikanismus“ vor |publisher=Die Welt|date=December 22, 2018| language=German}} 40. ^{{cite news |title=Der Spiegel to press charges against reporter who made up article about Fergus Falls, Minnesota |url=http://www.startribune.com/der-spiegel-to-press-charges-against-reporter-who-made-up-article-about-fergus-falls-minnesota/503414652/ |work=Star Tribune |date=24 December 2018}} 41. ^{{cite news |title=How the US could halt Nord Stream 2 |url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/today/politics/secondary-us-sanctions-how-the-us-could-halt-nord-stream-2/23834864.html?ticket=ST-677198-y0DTsJxE9CZPFdHrWCBc-ap4 |work=Handelsblatt |date=January 7, 2019}} 42. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/richard-grenell-us-botschafter-schreibt-drohbriefe-an-deutsche-firmen-a-1247785.html|title=US-Botschafter Grenell schreibt Drohbriefe an deutsche Firmen|last=|first=|date=13 January 2018|website=Spiegel Online|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 43. ^{{cite article| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-14/merkel-ally-pushes-back-on-trump-envoy-s-russian-pipeline-threat| title=Merkel Ally Pushes Back on Trump Envoy's Russian Pipeline Threat| author=Patrick Donahue| publisher=Bloomberg.com| date=2019-01-14| access-date=2019-01-14}} 44. ^1 {{cite article| url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/u-s-ambassador-richard-grenell-is-isolated-in-berlin-a-1247610.html| title=Trump's Ambassador Finds Few Friends in Germany| author=Konstantin von Hammerstein| publisher=Der Spiegel| date=2019-01-11| access-date=2019-01-14}} 45. ^{{cite news |last1=Mills Rodrigo |first1=Chris |title=German opposition politician calls for US ambassador to be expelled |url=https://thehill.com/policy/international/434757-top-german-opposition-politician-calls-for-us-ambassador-to-be-expelled |accessdate=March 19, 2019 |publisher=The Hill |date=March 19, 2019}} 46. ^{{cite news |date=September 27, 2008 |title=Gay Bush Appointee Loses Appeal for Fair Treatment |url=http://www.advocate.com/news/2008/09/27/gay-bush-appointee-loses-appeal%C2%A0-fair-treatment |newspaper=The Advocate }} 47. ^{{cite web |url=http://richardgrenell.com/joining-the-fight/ |title=Joining the Fight |date=June 10, 2013 |publisher=richardgrenell.com}} 48. ^{{Cite tweet |author=Richard Grenell |user=RichardGrenell |number=384850091195895809 |date=September 30, 2013 |title=I'm officially in remission. #CancerFree @cityofhope }} 49. ^{{cite web|url=http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/386130-pence-swears-in-grenell-as-ambassador-to-germany|title=Pence swears in Grenell as ambassador to Germany|first=Brett|last=Samuels|date=May 3, 2018 |accessdate=June 6, 2018}} External links{{Commons category}}
17 : 1966 births|Living people|Ambassadors of the United States to Germany|California Republicans|Cancer survivors|Evangel University alumni|Fox News people|Gay politicians|Gay diplomats|George W. Bush administration personnel|John F. Kennedy School of Government alumni|LGBT appointed officials in the United States|LGBT people from California|LGBT people from Michigan|LGBT ambassadors of the United States|Trump administration personnel|United States Department of State officials |
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