| 词条 | Mao Anying |
| 释义 |
| name = Mao Anying | image = Mao_Anying.jpg | caption = Mao Anying in a Soviet officer's uniform | relations = Mao Zedong (father) Yang Kaihui (mother) | spouse = Liu Songlin (m. 1949–1950) | birth_date = {{Birth date|1922|10|24|df=y}} | birth_place = Changsha, Hunan, Republic of China | death_date = {{death date and age|1950|11|25|1922|10|24|df=y}} | death_place = Tongchang, North Pyongan, North Korea | allegiance = {{flag|People's Republic of China}} {{flag|Soviet Union}} (World War II) | rank = {{flagicon|Soviet Union}} Lieutenant | battles = World War II Chinese Civil War Korean War{{KIA}} }} Mao Anying ({{zh|s=毛岸英|p=Máo Ànyīng}}; 24 October 1922 – 25 November 1950) was the eldest son of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui. Educated in Moscow and a veteran of multiple wars, Mao was killed in action by an air strike during the Korean War. Early lifeMao was born in an American Christian hospital in Changsha, Hunan Province. His mother, Yang Kaihui, second wife of Chinese Leader Mao Zedong, was executed by the Kuomintang in 1930. He and his younger brother, Mao Anqing, escaped to Shanghai, where they attended a kindergarten run by the Communist underground. In Shanghai, they lived with Pastor Dong Jianwu (董健吾), who was a Communist party member.[1] World War IIMao later studied with his brother Anqing at Interdom in the Soviet Union under the name "Sergei Yun Fu".[2] During the Second World War, Anying and his brother Anqing joined the Soviet Red Army. Anying served as an artillery officer in the fight against the Third Reich in Poland.[3] Korean War and deathBy November 1950, Mao was serving in the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA), as a secretary and Russian translator for PVA commander Peng Dehuai.[4] Mao was stationed at a PVA headquarters, in caves near an old gold mining settlement. On the evening of 24 November, two United Nations (UN) aircraft, P-61s on a photo reconnaissance mission, were seen overhead.[5] However, the caves offered excellent protection from UN air attacks. According to multiple Chinese eyewitnesses, sometime between 10:00am and noon on 25 November, four Douglas A-26 Invaders dropped napalm bombs in the area.[6][7] One of the bombs destroyed a makeshift building near the caves, killing Mao and another officer. Several conflicting reasons have been given as to why Mao was in the building, including suggestions that he was cooking food in violation of Chinese Army regulations,[1][5][8] fetching documents, or sleeping late due to night duties.[6] The only unit operating the A-26 in Korea at the time was the 3rd Bomb Group, of the United States Air Force (USAF). (Some accounts have claimed, most likely incorrectly, that the pilot responsible was Captain G. B. Lipawsky of the South African Air Force.[9] However, the only aircraft flown by South African pilots in Korea was the Mustang fighter bomber, which was unlikely to have been mistaken for the larger, twin-engine A-26s.[6]) Some Chinese netizens would commemorate the day of Mao's death as "Chinese Thanksgiving" by eating and sharing photos of egg fried rice, which Mao was supposedly cooking at the camp.[10] Mao was apparently buried in Pyongyang, in the Cemetery for the Heroes of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army, although some sources claim that his body was later shipped to Beijing. Some sources claim that Peng Dehuai's fall from grace after the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution was connected to Mao's death, for which Mao Zedong supposedly held Peng responsible.{{cn|date=July 2018}} See also{{Portal|Biography|China|Military history}}
References1. ^1 Chairman Mao Zedong and General Mao Anying, Chinese Military Leaders of the Korean War {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mao, Anying}}2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-24285175|title=How children of the world united at a Soviet school|author=Oxana Vozhdaeva|date=4 October 2013|accessdate=4 October 2013|publisher=BBC News|quote=Mao's eldest son, Mao Anying, who was known in the home as Sergei Yun Fu.}} 3. ^Pathanothai, Sirin. The Dragon Pearl. Simon and Schuster. 1994. p 163. 4. ^Kruschev, Nikita. Memoirs of Nikita Kruschev, Vol 2. Pennsylvania State University Press. 2006. p 98. 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://cul.sohu.com/20081023/n260204775_12.shtml|title=彭德怀文革时被污有意害死毛岸英|publisher=Cul.sohu.com|accessdate=13 November 2014}} 6. ^1 2 Sebastien Roblin, 2017, "A U.S. Bombing Run in North Korea Wiped Out Mao Zedong's Dynasty" National Interest (May 7), (Access: 17 March 2018.) 7. ^{{cite book|author=武立金|title=毛岸英在朝鲜战场|script-title=zh-cn:毛岸英在朝鲜战场|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZvwRAQAAMAAJ|year=2006|chapter=第六章 血染大榆洞|chapterurl=http://book.people.com.cn/GB/69399/71837/71852/4881239.html | publisher=作家出版社| isbn=978-7-5063-3717-5|language=zh-cn}} 8. ^Nanchu, Xing Hang, Page 94, McFarland Press, 2003, In North Korea: an American travels through an imprisoned nation {{ISBN|0-7864-1691-2}}, {{ISBN|978-0-7864-1691-2}} 9. ^ 66年前的今天:波兰裔南非飞行员杀害毛岸英. 网易新闻. 2016-11-25 (2017-03-22). (A translated excerpt: "G. B. Lipawsky ... accumulated more than 12,000 hours of flight in World War II and North Korea. On November 24th, 1950 ... he ... attacked the command post of the Volunteers using napalm bombs." 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2016/11/holiday-week-chinese-thanksgiving/|title=Holiday of the Week: Chinese Thanksgiving|date=November 24, 2016|website=China Digital Times}} 13 : 1922 births|1950 deaths|Children of national leaders|Mao Zedong family|Chinese people of World War II|Chinese military personnel of the Korean War|Soviet military personnel of World War II|Chinese expatriates in the Soviet Union|Military personnel killed in the Korean War|Frunze Military Academy alumni|Chinese military personnel killed in action|Deaths by airstrike|People from Changsha |
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