| 词条 | Ridgely Gaither |
| 释义 |
|name= Ridgely Gaither |image= Ridgely Gaither as commander of the 11th Airborne Division in 1952.jpg |image_size= |alt= |caption= Ridgely Gaither as commander of the 11th Airborne Division in 1952 |nickname= |birth_date= {{birth date|1903|02|23}} |birth_place= Baltimore, Maryland |death_date= {{death date and age|1992|10|26|1903|02|23}} |death_place= Annapolis, Maryland |placeofburial= Arlington National Cemetery |allegiance= United States |branch= United States Army |serviceyears= 1924–1962 |rank= Lieutenant General |unit= |commands= Army Parachute School 82nd Airborne Division 11th Airborne Division 40th Infantry Division XVIII Airborne Corps U.S. Army Caribbean Command Second United States Army |battles= World War II Korean War |awards= Army Distinguished Service Medal (2) Silver Star (2) Legion of Merit Bronze Star Medal |relations= |laterwork= Police Commissioner in Annapolis, Maryland }} Ridgely Gaither (February 23, 1903 – October 26, 1992) was a United States Army lieutenant general prominent as commander of the 40th Infantry Division during the Korean War, and commander of the XVIII Airborne Corps, U.S. Army Caribbean Command and Second United States Army. Early lifeGaither was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on February 23, 1903 to a family which included Army officers since the American Revolution and is the namesake of Gaithersburg, Maryland. Gaither graduated from St. John's College in Annapolis and received his commission as a second lieutenant of Infantry in 1924.[1][2] Military careerGaither served in positions of increasing responsibility and rank, including assignments in the continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii and China.[3] He graduated from the Infantry Officer Course in 1933 and the Command and General Staff College in 1939.[4] World War IIAn early advocate of using paratroopers in offensive military operations, from 1943 to 1944 Gaither commanded the Army Parachute School, receiving promotion to brigadier general.[5][6] While there, he was instrumental in forming the 555th Parachute Infantry Company (nicknamed the Triple Nickels), a segregated unit which was the U.S. Army's first African-American paratrooper unit.[7] In 1945, Gaither went to Europe to take part in fighting against Nazi Germany, including a combat parachute jump with the 17th Airborne Division. He landed east of the Rhine River, almost on top of a German anti-aircraft battery. The Americans took the position, and Gaither said later that one group of Germans might have been taken prisoner sooner if he had not shot down their white flag of surrender, which was so dirty he did not immediately recognize it.[8] Later in 1945, General Gaither was assigned as assistant division commander of the 86th Infantry Division in the Philippines, where he served until the end of the war and immediately afterwards.[9] InterbellumFrom 1946 until 1949, Gaither served as assistant division commander of the 88th Infantry Division, with duty on the border between Italy and Yugoslavia. He also served as a member of the Allied commission that established the border, military governor of Trieste, and as president of the War Crimes Court in Florence, Italy.[10][11][12][13][14] Gaither commanded the 82nd Airborne Division from July to October, 1949.[15][16] From 1949 to 1951, Gaither served in the Operations Division of the Office of the Army's Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations.[17] Gaither commanded the 11th Airborne Division from 1951 to 1953.[18][19][20] Korean WarGeneral Gaither was commander of the 40th Infantry Division from 1953 to 1954 and saw combat during the Battle of Heartbreak Ridge.[21][22] Senior commandIn 1955, Gaither was assigned as commander of the XVIII Airborne Corps.[23] From 1955 to 1956, Gaither served as the U.S. Army's assistant chief of staff for Intelligence, G-2, and was promoted to lieutenant general.[24] Gaither was deputy commander of the Continental Army Command from 1957 to 1958, with duty as commander of Army Reserve Forces.[25] From 1958 to 1960 Gaither was commander of the U.S. Army Caribbean Command.[26][27][28] He became a hereditary member of the Maryland Society of the Cincinnati in 1960. Gaither was assigned as commander of the Second United States Army in 1960, where he remained until his retirement in 1962.[29] Retirement and awardsGaither retired from the army in 1962. His awards included two Army Distinguished Service Medals, two Silver Stars, the Legion of Merit and the Bronze Star Medal.[30][31][32][33] Gaither lived in Annapolis, where he was commissioner of police from 1966 to 1973.[34][35] Gaither died of congestive heart failure on October 26, 1992 at the Fairfield Nursing Center in Annapolis.[36] Services were conducted at St. Anne's Episcopal Church, in Annapolis, followed by burial at Arlington National Cemetery. He is interred at Section 2, Site 4888-1.[37][38] References1. ^{{cite news |title=Miss D. W. Bassford Weds Lieut Ridgely Gaither |newspaper=Baltimore Sun |date=July 19, 1924}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gaither, Ridgely}}2. ^Social Security Death Index 3. ^{{cite news |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0C17F83D59177A93C2AA178CD85F438385F9 |title=626 U.S. Citizens Listed in Tientsin |newspaper=The New York Times |date=July 30, 1937}} 4. ^[https://archive.org/stream/officialarmyregi19561unit/officialarmyregi19561unit_djvu.txt Official U.S. Army Register], compiled by U.S. Army Adjutant General, published by U.S. Government Printing Office, 1956 5. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=UK4qAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lmQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3261,794875&dq=ridgley+gaither&hl=en |title=Giraud Inspects Benning Troops (newspaper photo caption) |newspaper=Sarasota Herald-Tribune |date=July 15, 1943}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1943/10/21/archives/leaps-minor-study-for-paratroopers-greater-stress-placed-now-on.html |title=Leaps Minor Study for Paratroopers |newspaper=The New York Times |author=Hanson W. Baldwin |date=October 21, 1943}} 7. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZIXqO-b-ReoC&pg=PA103&dq=%22ridgely+gaither%22+black+paratroopers&hl=en&ei=Tvg7TLq7EsWBlAee_Mn9BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22ridgely%20gaither%22%20black%20paratroopers&f=false Black Americans in Defense of Our Nation], published by Diane Publishing Company, 1990, p. 103 8. ^{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1636996602.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Apr+18,+1945&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=Baltimore+Officer+Lands+Atop+Anti-Aircraft+Guns&pqatl=google |title=Baltimore Officer Lands Atop Anti-Aircraft Guns |newspaper=Baltimore Sun |date=April 18, 1945}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=UeUrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=IWYFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1331,2888705&dq=ridgely-gaither+86th&hl=en |title=Commander Of 11th Airborne Has Long Record Of Service |newspaper=Kentucky New Era |date=February 23, 1952}} 10. ^{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1685160082.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+16,+1946&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=Gaither+Denies+MP's+Abused+Tito's+Soldiers&pqatl=google |title=Gaither Denies MP's Abused Tito's Soldiers |newspaper=Baltimore Sun |date=September 16, 1946}} 11. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1948/01/18/archives/elizabeth-gaither-engaged-to-wlarrn-daughter-of-the-u-military.html |title=Elizabeth Gaither Engaged |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 18, 1948}} 12. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1948/03/27/archives/allies-find-yugoslavs-bolshevize-trieste-zone-prepare-annexation.html |title=Allies Find Yugoslavs Bolshevize Trieste Zone |author=Camille M. Cianfarra |newspaper=The New York Times |date=March 27, 1948}} 13. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1948/05/09/archives/powderkeg-peril-in-trieste-denied-allied-military-chief-links.html |title=Powederkeg Peril in Trieste Denied |newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 9, 1948}} 14. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1949/02/14/archives/u-s-to-shift-trieste-command.html |title=U.S. to Shift Trieste Command |newspaper=The New York Times |date=February 14, 1949}} 15. ^Serving History web site, 82nd Airborne Division, Past Division Commanders page 16. ^82nd Airborne Division, Steven J. Mrozek, 1997, p. 82 17. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1951/12/01/archives/army-commands-in-korea-shifted-army-generals-who-figured-in-changes.html |title=Army Commands in Korea Shifted] |newspaper=New York Times |date=December 1, 1951}} 18. ^Web site, History of the 11th Airborne Division, by Leo Kocher, accessed July 12, 2010 19. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ORQhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=144EAAAAIBAJ&pg=4522,104153&dq=13+generals+in+far+east+reassigned+army+announces+minor+shakeup&hl=en |title=13 Generals In Far East Reassigned, Army Announces Minor Shakeup |agency=United Press |newspaper=Pittsburgh Press |date=December 1, 1951}} 20. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/12/07/archives/11th-airborne-opens-reunion.html |title=11th Airborne Opens Reunion |newspaper= The New York Times |date=December 7, 1952}} 21. ^Korean War order of battle: United States, United Nations, and Communist ground, Naval and Air Forces, by Gordon L. Rottman, 2002, page 32 22. ^{{cite news |title=General Moves |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=The Straits Times (Singapore) |date=January 18, 1954}} 23. ^USA Airborne: 50th Anniversary, by Bart Hagerman, 1990, p. 435 24. ^{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1688390042.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Aug+11,+1955&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=Maj.+Gen.+Gaither+Appointed+Army+Chief+Of+Intelligence&pqatl=google |title=Maj. Gen. Gaither Appointed Army Chief of Intelligence |newspaper=Baltimore Sun |date=August 11, 1955}} 25. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JQYrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=K5gFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6074,2013577&dq=ridgley+gaither&hl=en |title=Top Brass Inspects Guard Division |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=Reading (Pennsylvania) Eagle |date=August 22, 1957}} 26. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1958/03/07/archives/caribbean-command-to-shift.html |title=Caribbean Command to Shift |newspaper=The New York Times |date=March 7, 1958}} 27. ^{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/444783932.html?dids=444783932:444783932&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jul+14,+1958&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Dr.+Milton+Eisenhower+Applauded+in+Panama&pqatl=google |title=Dr. Milton Eisenhower Applauded in Panama |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=July 14, 1958}} 28. ^{{cite news |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0F14F93F5A1A7A93C4A91788D85F448685F9 |title=Mock War in Panama; Five Latin Countries Join the U.S. In Testing 'Remote' Canal Defense |author=Hanson Baldwin |newspaper=The New York Times |date=March 6, 1960}} 29. ^{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1702183512.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Aug+02,+1960&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=Gaither+Assumes+New+Command&pqatl=google |title=Gaither Assumes New Command |newspaper=Baltimore Sun |date=August 2, 1960}} 30. ^[https://archive.org/stream/officialarmyregi1946unit/officialarmyregi1946unit_djvu.txt Official U.S. Army Register], compiled by U.S. Army Adjutant General, published by U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946 31. ^{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1776163532.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Feb+14,+1946&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=ARMY+HONORS+GEN.+GAITHER&pqatl=google |title=Army Honors Gen. Gaither; Legion Of Merit Presented In Washington Ceremony |newspaper=Baltimore Sun |date=February 14, 1946}} 32. ^[https://archive.org/stream/officialarmyregi19601unit/officialarmyregi19601unit_djvu.txt Official U.S. Army Register, compiled by US Army Adjutant General], published by U.S. Government Printing Office, 1960 33. ^Home of Heroes, Army Recipients of the Silver Star for Conspicuous Gallantry in Action During World War II, accessed July 12, 2010 34. ^{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1727688742.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jan+04,+1966&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=GAITHER+GETS+COUNCIL+O.K.&pqatl=google |title=Gaither Gets Council OK |newspaper=Baltimore Sun |date=January 4, 1966}} 35. ^{{cite news |title=Gaither Bows Out After 8 Years in Post |newspaper=The Capital (Annapolis) |date=May 30, 1973}} 36. ^{{cite news |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/74058751.html?dids=74058751:74058751&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+29,+1992&author=&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Lt.+Gen.+Ridgely+Gaither+Dies;+Led+Infantry+Division+in+Korea&pqatl=google |title=Lt. Gen. Ridgely Gaither Dies; Led Infantry Division in Korea |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=October 29, 1992}} 37. ^{{cite news |title=Lt. Gen. Ridgely Gaither, Pioneer Paratrooper |date=October 29, 1992 |newspaper=Baltimore Sun}} 38. ^United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Nationwide Gravesite Locator 11 : 1903 births|1992 deaths|United States Army generals|American army personnel of World War II|American army personnel of the Korean War|United States Army Command and General Staff College alumni|Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (United States)|Recipients of the Silver Star|Recipients of the Legion of Merit|People from Annapolis, Maryland|Burials at Arlington National Cemetery |
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