词条 | Marcel Khalife |
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| name = Marcel Khalife | image = مارسيل على العود-2.jpg | background = solo_singer | birth_name = Marcel Khalife | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1950|6|10}} |birth_place =Amchit, Mount Lebanon Governorate, Lebanon | occupation = Singer-songwriter, Oud player | years_active = 1972–present | website = Official site }} Marcel Khalife ({{lang-ar|مرسيل خليفة}}; b. June 10, 1950, Amchit, Mount Lebanon Governorate, Lebanon) is a Lebanese composer, singer, and oud player. From 1970 to 1975, he taught at the conservatory in Beirut. In 1976, he created Al Mayadeen Ensemble and became famous all over the world for songs like Ummi (My Mother), Rita w'al-Bunduqiya (Rita and the Rifle) and Jawaz al-Safar (Passport), based on Mahmoud Darwish's poetry. In 1999 he was granted the Palestine Award for Music. In turn, he contributed the financial portion of the award to the National Conservatory of Music at Birzeit University in Palestine. In 2005, Khalife was named UNESCO Artist for Peace and happiness. BiographyMarcel Khalife was born in 1950 in Amchit, a small coastal village north of Beirut. His grandfather was a fisherman. His first lessons in music were with a retired military man, a teacher in his village, Hanna Karam, who advised the parents of the young boy to let him continue learning music. His mother died of cancer when he was 16 years old. He studied the oud at the National Academy of Music in Beirut and contributed to the expansion of the possibilities of the oud. From 1970 to 1975, he taught at the conservatory in Beirut and other local institutions and toured the Middle East, North Africa, Europe and the United States giving solo performances on the oud. In 1972, Marcel Khalife created a musical group in his native village with the goal of reviving its musical heritage and Arabic choral singing. The first performances took place in Lebanon during the Lebanese civil war in 1975. During the war, he risked his life in bombed out concert halls.
In 1983, Paredon Records, now Smithsonian Folkways, released Promises of the Storm, a small collection of protest songs and political ballads.[1] Al Mayadeen ensembleHis work combines traditional Arabic music with Western elements like the piano. Mainly, Marcel Khalife uses modern Arab poetry (like Mahmoud Darwish) and muwashahat (music of Al-Andalus). He composes and sings the poetry of Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish, songs on nationalism and revolution. 1976 saw the birth of Al Mayadeen Ensemble. Al-mayadeen is the plural of maydan, which can mean both battlefield and village square, the site of festive events, weddings, song and dance. Enriched by the previous ensemble’s musical experiences, Al Mayadeen’s notoriety went well beyond Lebanon, performing the songs Umi (My Mother), Rita w'al-Bundaqiya (Rita and the Rifle) and Jawaz al-Safr (Passport), based on Darwish's poetry. The band performed in Arab countries, Europe, the United States, Canada, South America, Australia, and Japan. Marcel Khalife has been invited several times to festivals of international fame such as: Baalbeck, Beit Eddine (Lebanon), Antakya (Antakia), Carthage, El Hammamat (Tunisia), Timgad (Algeria), Jarash (Jordan), Arles (France), Krems, Linz (Austria), Bremen (Germany), ReOrient (Sweden), Pavia (Italy), World Music Festival in San Francisco, New York, Cleveland (U.S.). He performed in many prestigious halls at the Place des Arts in Montreal, Symphony Space and Merkin Concert in New York, the "Kennedy Center" in Washington, D.C., Berklee Theatre and New England Conservatory in Boston, Royal Festival Hall and Queen Elizabeth Hall in London, UNESCO Palace of Beirut, Cairo Opera House (Egypt). Instrumental worksHis recent works consist mainly of instrumental works like Arabian Concerto, The Symphony of Return, Chants of the East, as well as the Concerto Al-Andalus, Suite for Oud and Orchestra, as well as a piece called Sharq. In Arabic, the word 'sharq' means 'East' or 'Orient', and the piece is a musical case-history or a musical memoir of the Arabic musical legacy that was written by Khalife for 100 choral singers and 100 musicians. Additional recent works include Mouda'aba (Caress), Diwan Al Oud, Jadal Oud duo, Oud Quartet, Al Samaa in the traditional Arabic forms and Taqasim, a duo for oud and double bass. Marcel Khalife’s compositions has been performed by several orchestras, notably the Kiev Symphony Orchestra, the Academy of Boulogne Billancourt Orchestra, The San Francisco Chamber Orchestra, the Orchestra of the city of Tunis, the Qatar Philharmonic Orchestra and the Absolute Ensemble. Lorin Maazel recently conducted Khalife's orchestral works. Marcel, Rami & Bachar KhalifeIn 2011, a new familial collaboration debuted at the Beirut Music & Art Festival under the banner of ‘Marcel, Rami & Bachar Khalife’. The concert showcased a fusion of oriental, electronic, classical, jazz and percussion music composed by the trio. The collaboration was critically acclaimed. The father-son trio presented a high-energy intermingling of the oud, piano, and percussion, shrouded within the frisson of electronic synthesizers and Korg keyboards. The debut of Marcel, Rami & Bachar Khalife's at the Beirut Music & Art Festival 2011 concert sent shock waves through Beirut, with many commentators championing the collaborative performance as 'a revolution in music'. The two-hour concert was broadcast on MTV.
TunisiaIn 2005, Marcel Khalife told the media that his music and songs have been banned in Tunisia by the state-controlled radio and TV stations. He might have angered the Tunisian authorities during a concert in Carthage in August when he dedicated one of his songs to Arabs imprisoned in Israel and Arab countries. He also expressed support for the rights of political activists who went on hunger strike before and during the World Summit on Information Society in Tunis in November 2005. In July 2009, Khalife returned to Tunisia to perform on the stage of the Roman amphitheatre to a full house, as part of the 45th International Festival of Carthage. Speaking to the audience, Khalife opened the concert by stating:[2] {{quote|People of Tunisia, good evening. This night, like all nights in Tunisia, has a special taste. In spite of all the collapses and defeats around the world, Tunisians are still the kind of people who have a special taste and love. They do not broadcast my songs and concerts on TV, but I know that my public keeps on listening to me.}}Khalife later dedicated a song to the "revolutionary leader Che Guevara".[2] Ana Yousef, ya Abi caseThree times (1996, 1999 and 2003), he faced criminal prosecution for his song I am Joseph, O Father, written by the Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish.[3] Khalife was accused of insulting religious values by including a two-line verse from a chapter of the Qur'an. Khalife recorded the song in his 1995 album "The Arabic Coffee Pot" that was based on a 1992 poem of the prominent Palestinian poet, Mahmoud Darwish. The poem adapted this verse from the story of Yousef (Joseph) in the Qur'an: "O my father, I saw eleven stars and the sun and the moon bowing before me in homage." It tells the story of how Joseph's brothers were jealous of him because he was handsome and kind, his brothers don't like him. The story reflected the suffering of the Palestinian people. In 1999, the case was brought to court by the newly appointed investigating judge, Abdel Rahman Shihab, who reproached Marcel of "insulting religious values by using a verse from the chapter of Joseph from the Qur'an in a song." Marcel faced six months to three years imprisonment for publicly insulting religion (article 474 of the Lebanon's penal code, six months to three years in prison) and blasphemy (article 473 of the penal code, one month to one year in prison). Senior Sunni Muslim clerics in Lebanon ruled that singing verses from the Qur'an was "absolutely banned and not accepted." The highest Sunni Muslim religious authority in Lebanon, Grand Mufti Sheikh Muhamed Rashid Qabbani, has maintained repeatedly that Khalife is guilty of blasphemy for singing a verse from the Qur'an. Sheikh Qabbani said: "There is a limit to freedom of expression. One limit is that it should not infringe on people's religious beliefs." Demonstrations of solidarity came from many sides, intellectuals, human rights organisations and ordinary people. A meeting was held in Beirut where 2000 people sang altogether the song in trial. Marcel Khalife even received the support of Sheikh Mohammad Hussein Fadlallah, a Shi'ite theologist. The famous Lebanese writer Elias Khoury harshly criticized the trial, as did Mahmoud Darwish, who said:
Ghada Abu Karrum, the judge, rejected the demand of the prosecutor and found Khalife innocent of the charge of degrading Islam. As stated in the judgment:
Personal lifeKhalife lives in Amchit, Lebanon, with his wife, Yolla Khalife. Yolla Khalife is a singer and songwriter. His eldest son, Juilliard School graduate Rami Khalife, is a virtuoso pianist and an accomplished composer. Rami Khalife has been hailed as one of the most exciting composers of his generation. In October 2011, the Qatar Philharmonic Orchestra, under the conductorship of James Gaffigan, premiered Khalife's 'Chaos', for orchestra and piano, with Khalife at the helm as a soloist. In February 2013, Rami Khalife's Arab Spring-inspired 'Requiem' was premiered, within the same program as Marcel Khalife's suite "Oriental", to great critical acclaim.[4] His younger son Bachar Khalife, is an accomplished composer, percussionist, pianist, singer, poet and an unconventional artist. His nephew Sari Khalife is a cellist. WorksBooksThe composer wrote in 1982 a six-part Anthology of Studying the Oud. The purpose of his writing works is to rationalize musical traditions, an attempt to develop Arabic musical traditions.
His further writing will be Jadal Oud Duo, which is:
He also wrote Samaa. Performances
FilmsMarcel Khalife has composed soundtracks for films, documentaries and fictions, produced by Maroun Baghdadi, Oussama Mohammed, Sophi Sayhf Eddin and Samir Zikra. His music is also featured in the documentary Occupied Minds produced by Jamal Dajani and David Michaelis, As well his music featured in the documentary film Sons of Eilaboun by Hisham Zreiq.[11] In 2002, European television networks broadcast a documentary on Marcel Khalife. The documentary, entitled Voyageur, presents 33 selections from Khalife’s repertoire, which ranges from compositions for solo oud and vocal settings of Arabic poetry to orchestral compositions, film scores, and ballets. Le Luth Sacrilège is another documentary, directed by Pierre Dupouey, produced by Ognon Pictures and Mezzo. The documentary tells the story of the second trial Marcel Khalife faced in 1998 for his song Ana Yussef (I am Joseph). In 2009, director Cherien Dabis ended her debut film Amreeka with Khalife's "Jawaz al-safar" ("Passport"). TalksMarcel Khalife gave a talk on March 12, 2013,[12] at the American University of Sharjah about his latest CD, The Fall of the Moon, and his longing towards the late Mahmoud Darwish. He also spoke about prospects of publishing his autobiography in two volumes. In popular culture
References1. ^Khalife at Smithsonian Folkways 2. ^1 Committed Marcel Khalifa Re-visits Fans in Tunisia {{dead link|date=January 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} by Iman Zayat, Alarab Online, July 29, 2009 3. ^I am Yusuf, oh my father {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327130205/http://www.marcelkhalife.com/httpdocs/audio/yusif.mp3 |date=March 27, 2009 }} 4. ^[https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iL7XGRJPI1KXszx8wT2H0LRG37rg?docId=CNG.9c6abbbe3bf05583e076f9d3c5bb1ca6.1b1 ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226121822/https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iL7XGRJPI1KXszx8wT2H0LRG37rg?docId=CNG.9c6abbbe3bf05583e076f9d3c5bb1ca6.1b1 |date=February 26, 2014 }} 5. ^{{cite web|last=Chambers |first=David |url=http://washintunes.blogspot.com/2004/11/marcel-khalife-caress.html |title=Washintunes: Marcel Khalife: Caress |publisher=Washintunes.blogspot.com |date=2004-11-14 |accessdate=2014-07-20}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Chambers |first=David |url=http://washintunes.blogspot.com/2004/01/marcel-khalife.html |title=Washintunes: Marcel Khalife |publisher=Washintunes.blogspot.com |date=2004-01-12 |accessdate=2014-07-20}} 7. ^[https://archive.is/20120803233141/http://www.deroma.be/index.cfm?PageID=18487 ] 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://albustanseeds.org/music/2011/03/memorable-concert-honoring-marcel-khalife/ |title=A Most Memorable Concert with Marcel Khalife – Al-Bustan Music Program |publisher=Albustanseeds.org |date= |accessdate=2014-07-20 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017062727/http://albustanseeds.org/music/2011/03/memorable-concert-honoring-marcel-khalife/ |archivedate=2013-10-17 |df= }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://albustanseeds.org/music/2014/08/marcel-khalife-chants-of-the-east/ |title=Marcel Khalife in "Chants of the East" – Al-Bustan Music Program |publisher=Albustanseeds.org |date= |accessdate=2014-11-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129044746/http://albustanseeds.org/music/2014/08/marcel-khalife-chants-of-the-east/ |archivedate=2014-11-29 |df= }} 10. ^{{http://www.dayfornight.io/schedule/}} 11. ^The Sons of Eilaboun – official website{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 12. ^{{cite web|author=American University of Sharjah |url=http://blog.aus.edu/bid/276234/Marcel-Khalife-Inspires-Attendees-at-an-AUS-Talk |title=Marcel Khalife Inspires Attendees at an AUS Talk |publisher=Blog.aus.edu |date=2013-03-14 |accessdate=2014-07-20}} English
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External links{{commons category}}
6 : 1950 births|Living people|Lebanese musicians|Lebanese oud players|Lebanese songwriters|Lebanese male singers |
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