| 词条 | March for Women's Lives |
| 释义 |
The March for Women's Lives was a demonstration held on April 25, 2004 on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. protesting the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act and other restrictions on abortion. March organizers estimated that 1.15 million people participated, declaring it "the largest protest in U.S. history";[1] others estimated no more than 800,000 marchers,[2] with the Associated Press and the BBC putting the figure between 500,000 and 800,000, comparable to the Million Man March of 1995.[3] (The National Park Service no longer makes official estimates of attendance after the Million Man March controversy in 1994, so estimates are unofficial and may be speculative.){{cn|date=April 2017}} Participants protested the recently passed Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act (2003) as well as other policies they claim to be "anti-women".[4] Pro-life protesters were present in some places along the march route. There were no violent incidents,[5] despite Washington Post reporter Hank Steuver referring to it {{clarify|date=April 2017}} as "aggressive and even occasionally, almost delightfully, profane."[6]Events and participants{{moresources|section|date=April 2017}}A rally on the Mall began at 10 a.m., and was followed by a march through downtown Washington, with a route along Pennsylvania Avenue. Celebrities who appeared at the march included Peter, Paul and Mary, Indigo Girls, Susan Sarandon, Whoopi Goldberg, Ashley Judd, Kathleen Turner, Ted Turner, Ana Gasteyer, Janeane Garofalo, Bonnie Franklin, Julianne Moore and former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright; also appearing were veteran abortion rights leaders, such as Kate Michelman of NARAL Pro-Choice America and Gloria Steinem, and many members of Congress. Sponsoring organizations included NARAL Pro-Choice America, Choice USA, the Feminist Majority Foundation, Planned Parenthood, the American Civil Liberties Union, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the National Organization for Women, Code Pink, and Black Women's Health Imperative. Pro-life counter-protesters, some affiliated with Randall Terry's "Operation Witness", lined a portion of the march route along Pennsylvania Avenue.[5] Terry estimated that there were "over a thousand" counter-protesters;[7] pro-choice writer Jo Freeman estimated that there were "about 300",[5] and the Washington Post wrote that there were "scores".[8] Sixteen protesters from the Christian Defense Coalition were arrested for demonstrating without a permit when they crossed police barricades into the area designated for the March.[8]AftermathGeorge W. Bush went on to win a second term, and the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act was not repealed. The Supreme Court of the United States upheld the law in its 2007 Gonzales v. Carhart decision.{{cn|date=April 2017}} See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.now.org/history/protests.html |title=History of Marches and Mass Actions |website=National Organization for Women |accessdate=2007-10-29 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927213206/http://www.now.org/history/protests.html |archivedate=2007-09-27 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite news|last=Mettler |first=Katie |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A41023-2004Apr25?language=printer |title=Washington Post: Breaking News, World, US, DC News & Analysis |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=1970-01-01 |accessdate=2017-04-06}} 3. ^{{Cite news|title=Abortion activists on the march|date=26 April 2004|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3657527.stm|accessdate=8 June 2009|agency=BBC|work=BBC News}} 4. ^History of Marches and Mass Actions, now.org; accessed 6 April 2017. 5. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.jofreeman.com/photos/MFWL.html|title=The March for Women's Lives|publisher=Jofreeman.com|date=25 April 2004|access-date=6 April 2017}} 6. ^ Hank Stuever,{{cite web |title=Direct Action: Body Politics |url=http://george.loper.org/archives/2004/Apr/909.html |website=george.loper.org |date=26 April 2004 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071107074133/http://george.loper.org/archives/2004/Apr/909.html |archive-date=7 November 2007}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.societyfortruthandjustice.com/operation_witness.htm|title=family planning capitalism vitamins for at|publisher=Societyfortruthandjustice.com|accessdate=16 July 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828000240/http://www.societyfortruthandjustice.com/operation_witness.htm|archivedate=28 August 2008}} 8. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A41023-2004Apr25|title=Abortion Rights Advocates Flood D.C.|publisher=washingtonpost.com|date=25 April 2004|accessdate=16 July 2009|first=Elizabeth|last=Williamson}} External links
9 : 2004 in Washington, D.C.|Pro-choice movement|Protest marches in Washington, D.C.|History of women's rights in the United States|Feminism and health|Feminist protests|Women in Washington, D.C.|2004 in women's history|Women's marches in the United States |
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