| 词条 | RL-83 Blindicide |
| 释义 |
|name=RL-83 Blindicide |image= File:Rakrohre Schweizer Armee.jpg |caption= Swiss Army 8.3 cm Raketenrohr launchers (Blindicide copy) on display |origin= Belgium |type= Antitank rocket launcher |is_ranged=yes |is_bladed= |is_explosive= |is_artillery=yes |is_vehicle= |is_UK= |service= |used_by=See Users |wars= |designer= |design_date=1950s |manufacturer= Mecar SA |production_date= |number= |variants= |weight= 8.4 kg (RL-83) 12.9 kg (RL-100) |length= 1.7 m (RL-83) 1.885 m (RL-100) |part_length= |width= |height= |crew= 2 |cartridge=HEAT |caliber=83 mm, 100 mm |action= |rate= 6 rpm |velocity= 100 m/s (RL-83) 195 m/s (RL-100) |range= {{convert|400|m|mi|abbr=on}} |max_range= {{convert|900|m|mi|abbr=on}} |feed= |sights= |breech= |recoil= |carriage= |elevation= |traverse= }} The RL-83 Blindicide is primarily an antitank rocket launcher, but other rockets can be fired. It was produced by Mecar SA of Belgium and was an improved derivative of the M20A1 Bazooka. Its name translates to "armor killer", derived from the French "véhicule blindé" (armoured car) and the suffix -cide meaning to kill. VersionsThe Blindicide was also produced in a 100 mm version (the RL-100). The 83mm version fired a 1.6 kilogram projectile with a 0.5 kg warhead, while the 100 mm version fired a 2.75 kg projectile. The rate of fire was six rounds per minute and the range 400 meters for both versions. This rate of fire was considerably in excess of the M20A1 Bazooka since Blindicide used a mechanical firing pin hitting a percussion cap in the tail of the rocket motor rather than a hand grip magneto system that required trailing wires from each rocket to be connected to terminal posts on the launcher as each round was loaded. The muzzle velocity of both versions varied, with the 83 mm version firing at 100 m/s while the 100 mm version fired at 195 m/s.[1] A later round introduced for the RL-83 has a muzzle velocity of 120 m/s and uses a rocket booster to achieve a velocity of 300 m/s. The effective range of this 2.4 kg projectile is 500 meters. The high-explosive antitank (HEAT) rocket of the RL-83 Blindicide can penetrate 300 millimeters of rolled homogeneous armour or one meter of concrete.[2] Besides HEAT, the Blindicide can also fire anti-personnel, smoke, incendiary and illumination rounds. A final version of the Blindicide was the RLC-83, a shortened version of the RL-83. The RLC-83 differs from the RL-83 in having a 1.2 meter launch tube. The RLC-83 is intended to be used only with the rocket-boosted long-range projectiles. Switzerland produced a licence version of the Blindicide, the Raketenrohr 58 (RR 58). The Raketenrohr 80 (RR 80) was an improved version with new aiming system for use by night. The Swiss army had a total of 20,000 RRs in service, all of which have been replaced by the German Panzerfaust 3.[3] Apart from the defensive role, the Swiss also used the Raketenrohr 80 to caused controlled avalanches, thus reducing the risks to civilians in avalanche prone areas. A training round / practice rocket was available for Blindicide. This used a blank 20 mm cartridge to produce a flash and a bang, but the round only fell a few feet in front of the launcher. A 20 mm Sub-caliber training round was also available. This had a rifled barrel and fired either a plastic or copper projectile. Initially this sub-caliber gun had a wooden body, but later an anodised Aluminium body was used. Operational historyThe Blindicide saw service with the Belgian forces during the Congo crisis. The Nigerian Army used some against Biafrans during Nigerian Civil War in the 1960s.[4] The Blindicide was also used by Anti-British guerrillas during the Aden Emergency. A complete launcher and the remains of several projectiles recovered from Aden are held by the Imperial War Museum. The RL-83 version was used by the Israel Defense Forces during the Six-Day war and the Yom Kippur War;[4] it was also used by the Lebanese Army and by some Christian and Muslim militias during the Lebanese Civil War.[5] In recent years, it has been reported that the Mexican Army deployed Blindicides against improvised armored vehicles in use by drug cartels.[6] Blindicide has also been identified in video clips of the Free Syrian Army operating in Syria.{{cn|date=January 2019}} Users
Notes1. ^weapon.at.ua 2. ^Jane's Infantry Weapons 1984-85, p. 690. 3. ^The World Defence Almanac 2010 page 214 ISSN 0722-3226 replaced by Panzerfaust-3 4. ^{{cite book|author= David Campbell|others = illustrated by Johnny Shumate|title= Israeli Soldier vs Syrian Soldier : Golan Heights 1967–73|series=Combat 18|year= 2016|publisher = Osprey Publishing|pages=49, 78|url = https://books.google.fr/books?id=_7MODAAAQBAJ|isbn=9781472813305}} 5. ^Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 16. 6. ^{{cite web|url= http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/Collaboration/international/Mexico/Narco-Armor.pdf|title= Narco Armor Improvised Armored Fighting Vehicles in Mexico|last1= J. Robert|first1= Bunker|last2= Ramirez|first2= Bryon|date= 2013|website= |publisher= Foreign Military Studies Office|accessdate= 3 November 2013|deadurl= yes|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20140812123236/http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/Collaboration/international/Mexico/Narco-Armor.pdf|archivedate= 12 August 2014|df= dmy-all}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=The armies of the NATO nations: Organization, concept of war, weapons and equipment|series=Truppendienst Handbooks Volume 3|year= 1987|first=Friedrich |last=Wiener|publisher=Herold Publishers|location=Vienna|ref=harv|page=300}} 8. ^{{cite web|url= http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/Collaboration/international/Mexico/Narco-Armor.pdf|title= Narco Armor Improvised Armored Fighting Vehicles in Mexico|last1= J. Robert|first1= Bunker|last2= Ramirez|first2= Bryon|date= 2013|website= |publisher= Foreign Military Studies Office|accessdate= 3 November 2013|deadurl= yes|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20140812123236/http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/Collaboration/international/Mexico/Narco-Armor.pdf|archivedate= 12 August 2014|df= dmy-all}} 9. ^{{cite book |author= |title= Voorontwerp van een voorschrift betreffende de tactiek van de geweergroep|url= |location= |publisher= Korps Mariniers|page= 5|date= 1963-06-01|isbn=}} 10. ^1 {{cite book|last=Jowett|first=Philip|title=Modern African Wars (5): The Nigerian-Biafran War 1967-70|year=2016|publisher=Osprey Publishing Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-1472816092|page=20}} 11. ^The path of a genocide: the Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire 12. ^The World Defence Almanac 2010 page 214 ISSN 0722-3226 References
External links
4 : Anti-tank rockets|Weapons of Belgium|Infantry weapons of the Cold War|Mecar |
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