“Robert L. J. Long”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Robert L. J. Long

释义

Early years and education
Naval career
Awards and decorations
After the Navy
Personal life
Notes
References
Further reading
External links

{{Infobox military person
|name=Robert Lyman John Long
|birth_date= May 29, 1920
|death_date= {{death date and age|2002|6|27|1920|5|29}}
|image=Robert LJ Long.jpg
|caption=Admiral Robert L. J. Long
|birth_place=Kansas City, Missouri
|death_place=Bethesda, Maryland
|allegiance= {{flag|United States}}
|branch= {{flag|United States Navy}}
|serviceyears=1943-1983
|rank={{Dodseal|USNO10|25}} Admiral
|unit=
|commands={{USS|Sea Leopard|SS-483|6}}
{{USS|Patrick Henry|SSBN-599|6}}
{{USS|Casimir Pulaski|SSBN-633|6}}
ComSubLant
Vice Chief of Naval Operations
United States Pacific Command
|battles=World War II
Vietnam War
Cold War
|awards=Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Legion of Merit
Bronze Star
|relations=
}}Robert Lyman John Long (May 29, 1920 – June 27, 2002) was a four star admiral in the United States Navy who served as Vice Chief of Naval Operations from 1977–1979 and Commander in Chief Pacific from 1979 to 1983.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Early years and education

Long was born in Kansas City, Missouri, and grew up there. He was the son of Trigg Allen and Margaret (Franklin) Long. He attended Paseo High School, Kansas City Junior College, and Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, before enrolling at the United States Naval Academy.

Naval career

Long graduated from the Naval Academy in 1943, served on the battleship {{USS|Colorado|BB-45|6}} in the Pacific and entered the submarine service after World War II. He saw combat in the Vietnam War and commanded the {{USS|Sea Leopard|SS-483|6}}, a diesel-powered submarine, the {{USS|Patrick Henry|SSBN-599|6}} and the {{USS|Casimir Pulaski|SSBN-633|6}}, nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines.

He also commanded the Submarine Force, United States Atlantic fleet; Submarines, Allied Command; and Submarine Force, Western Atlantic area. He was executive assistant and naval aide to the under secretary of the Navy; deputy chief of naval operations and vice chief of naval operations.

Long's final Navy posting was as Pacific Commander in Chief.

Awards and decorations


{{ribbon devices\|number=1\|type=award-star\|name=Navy Distinguished Service ribbon\|width=106}} {{ribbon devices\|number=0\|type=award-star\|ribbon=Legion of Merit ribbon.svg\|width=106}}
number=0\|type=award-star\|other_device=nv\|ribbon=Bronze Star ribbon.svg\|width=106}}	number=0\|type=service-star\|ribbon=U.S. Navy Unit Commendation ribbon.svg\|width=106}}	number=1\|type=service-star\|ribbon=American Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg\|width=106}}
number=0\|type=award-star\|ribbon=American Campaign Medal ribbon.svg\|width=106}}	number=0\|type=service-star\|ribbon=Asiatic-Pacific Campaign ribbon.svg\|width=106}}	number=0\|type=award-star\|ribbon=World War II Victory Medal ribbon.svg\|width=106}}
number=0\|type=award-star\|ribbon=Army of Occupation ribbon.svg\|width=106}}	number=1\|type=service-star\|ribbon=National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg\|width=106}}	number=0\|type=service-star\|ribbon=Vietnam Service Medal ribbon.svg\|width=106}}
number=0\|type=service-star\|ribbon=Vietnam gallantry cross unit award-3d.svg\|width=106}}	number=0\|type=oak\|ribbon=Phliber rib.svg\|width=106}}	number=0\|type=service-star\|ribbon=Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon with 60- clasp.svg\|width=106}}

Submarine Warfare Officer insignia
Navy Distinguished Service Medal with one gold award star	Legion of Merit with Combat V and two award stars
Bronze Star with Combat V	Navy Unit Commendation	American Defense Service Medal with one bronze service star
American Campaign Medal	Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with six service stars	World War II Victory Medal
Navy Occupation Service Medal	National Defense Service Medal with service star	Vietnam Service Medal with two service stars
National Order of Vietnam, Knight	Vietnam Gallantry Cross with palm	Korea Presidential Unit Citation
Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation	Philippine Liberation Medal	Vietnam Campaign Medal

After the Navy

Following his retirement from the Navy in 1983, Long was active in a variety of governmental and the military affairs. He served as the principal executive of President Ronald Reagan's fact-finding committee, the Long Commission, that investigated the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing attack that killed 241 U.S. Marines. The Commission's report was widely praised for being tough and direct. The report found senior military officials responsible for security lapses and blamed the military chain of command for the disaster.

Long participated in the Security Review Commission led by General Richard Stilwell that grew out of the Walker spy case and which was tasked with review of security procedures conducted for security clearances. He was a member of an American election observer team sent to the Philippines in 1986 and headed by Senator Richard Lugar to observe the Presidential election contest involving Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino. Long was teamed with the then first-term senator from Massachusetts John Kerry. He joined the Defense Policy Board in 1984, and was a part of the Advisory Committee on Command and Control of Nuclear Weapons, chaired by Jeane Kirkpatrick.

Long served as President of the Naval Academy Alumni Association from 1991 to 1994.^[4] He also served on several corporate boards, including Northrop, ConTel and GTE.

Personal life

Long married Sara Katherine Helms on August 28, 1944, in Jacksonville, Florida. He died in National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland, on June 27, 2002. His wife died May 14, 2004, in Annapolis, Maryland. They had three children and five grandchildren.

Notes

1. ^The Reminiscences of Admiral Robert L.J. Long U.S. Navy (Retired), US Naval Institute, Annapolis, Maryland, 1995.
2. ^{{cite web|accessdate=2008-01-05|url=http://www.pacom.mil/leadership/j00.shtml|title=U.S. PACIFIC COMMAND Commanders|publisher=U.S. Pacific Command|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061211074728/http://www.pacom.mil/leadership/j00.shtml|archivedate=2006-12-11}}
3. ^{{cite web|accessdate=2008-01-05|url=http://www.history.navy.mil/library/guides/rosters/vice%20chief%20naval%20operations.htm|title=Vice Chief of Naval Operations|publisher=NAVAL HISTORICAL CENTER}}
4. ^{{cite web|accessdate=2008-01-04|url=https://www.usna.com/NetCommunity/SSLPage.aspx?pid=467&srcid=457|title=Past Presidents|publisher=United States Naval Academy Alumni Association}}

References

[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B03E4D91431F930A35754C0A9649C8B63 New York Times Obituary]
Honolulu Starbulletin Obituary
Honolulu Advertiser Obituary
List of VCNOs from the Department of the Navy -- Naval Historical Center
Report of the DoD Commission on Beirut International Airport Terrorist Act, October 23, 1983
The Lessons of Beirut: Testimony Before The Long Commission
UnderSea Warfare Obituary, Issue 16

External links

[https://www.usna.edu/Library/sca/man-findingaids/MS_340.EAD.xml Robert Lyman John Long Papers, 1977-1984 MS 340] held by Special Collections & Archives, Nimitz Library] at the United States Naval Academy]

{{s-start}}{{s-mil}}{{succession box |

  before = Maurice F. Weisner |  title =  Commanders, U.S. Pacific Command |  years =  October 31, 1979–July 1, 1983  |  after =  William J. Crowe

}}{{succession box |

  before= Harold E. Shear |  title= Vice Chief of Naval Operations |  years= 1977–1979 |  after= James D. Watkins

}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Long, Robert L. J.}}

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。