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词条 Robert M. Boyar
释义

  1. Early years and education

  2. Scientific discoveries

  3. References

  4. Bibliography

{{Infobox person
|name = Robert M. Boyar
|image = robertboyar.jpg
|image_size = 140px
|caption = Robert M. Boyar
|birth_date = March 10, 1937
|birth_place = New York
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1978|11|27|1937|3|10}}
|death_place = Dallas, Texas
|other_names =
|known_for = neuroendocrine studies of puberty
|occupation = physician, endocrinologist
|nationality = US
}}

Robert Martin Boyar (March 10, 1937, New York – November 27, 1978, Dallas, Texas) was a physician and endocrinologist known for his studies of the neuroendocrinology of puberty.

Early years and education

Boyar received his MD from Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 1962. He was a Navy physician during the Vietnam War, and on the medical staff of Montefiore Medical Center. For 2½ years he was Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas.

Scientific discoveries

Boyar is best known for his studies of gonadotropin secretion in puberty. An American physiologist, Ernst Knobil, discovered that the anterior pituitary produces pulses of Luteinizing hormone at about hourly intervals. The luteinizing hormone pulses are the consequence of pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone secretion by the hypothalamus into the pituitary portal circulation that, in turn, is the result of an oscillator or signal generator in the central nervous system (the "gonadotropin releasing hormone pulse generator").[1] Boyar demonstrated that in children approaching puberty the Luteinizing Hormone pulses occur only during sleep.[2] This sleep related gonadotropin secretion initiates testosterone secretion in boys and

estradiol secretion in girls, which ultimately result in the clinical characteristics

associated with human puberty.[3] Some investigators have attributed the onset of puberty to a resonance of oscillators in the brain.[4][5][6][7] By this mechanism, the gonadotropin pulses that occur during sleep in puberty represent beats.[8][9]

References

1. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1210/er.22.6.721 |pmid=11739328 |year=2001 |last1=Neill |first1=JD |title=In memoriam: Ernst Knobil (1926-2000). |volume=22 |issue=6 |pages=721–3 |journal=Endocrine Reviews}}
2. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1056/NEJM197209212871203 |pmid=4341276 |year=1972 |last1=Boyar |first1=R |last2=Finkelstein |last3=Roffwarg |last4=Kapen |last5=Weitzman |last6=Hellman |title=Synchronization of augmented luteinizing hormone secretion with sleep during puberty. |volume=287 |issue=12 |pages=582–6 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |first2=J |first3=H |first4=S |first5=E |first6=L}}
3. ^{{cite journal |pmid=4852310 |pmc=301594 |year=1974 |last1=Boyar |first1=RM |last2=Rosenfeld |last3=Kapen |last4=Finkelstein |last5=Roffwarg |last6=Weitzman |last7=Hellman |title=Human Puberty Simultaneous Augmented Secretion of Luteinizing Hormone and Testosterone During Sleep |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=609–18 |doi=10.1172/JCI107798 |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |first2=RS |first3=S |first4=JW |first5=HP |first6=ED |first7=L}}
4. ^{{cite journal |pmid=3462329 |year=1986 |last1=Sizonenko |first1=PC |last2=Aubert |title=Neuroendocrine changes characteristic of sexual maturation |volume=21 |pages=159–81 |journal=Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementum |first2=ML}}
5. ^{{cite journal |pmid=1936201 |year=1991 |last1=Rivest |first1=RW |title=Sexual maturation in female rats: hereditary, developmental and environmental aspects |volume=47 |issue=10 |pages=1027–38 |journal=Experientia |doi=10.1007/bf01923338}}
6. ^{{cite journal |pmid=1782292 |year=1991 |last1=Yellon |first1=SM |last2=Newman |title=A developmental study of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal system during sexual maturation in the male Djungarian hamster |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=440–6 |journal=Biology of Reproduction |doi=10.1095/biolreprod45.3.440 |first2=SW}}
7. ^{{cite journal |pmid=1865836 |year=1991 |last1=Armstrong |first1=SM |last2=Redman |title=Melatonin: a chronobiotic with anti-aging properties? |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=300–9 |journal=Medical Hypotheses |doi=10.1016/0306-9877(91)90046-2 |first2=JR}}
8. ^{{cite journal |pmid=6601758 |url=http://stevenlehrer.com/images/pubres.pdf |year=1983 |last1=Lehrer |first1=S |title=Puberty and resonance: a hypothesis |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=39–43 |journal=The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, New York}}
9. ^{{cite journal |pmid=3783418 |year=1986 |last1=Lehrer |first1=S |title=Rats on 22.5-hr light:dark cycles have vaginal opening earlier than rats on 26-hr light:dark cycles |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=375–8 |journal=Journal of Pineal Research |doi=10.1111/j.1600-079X.1986.tb00759.x}}

Bibliography

  • Sizonenko, PC. Role of sex steroids during development—integration. in Bourguignon, Jean Pierre & Tony M. Plant. The Onset of Puberty in Perspective: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on the Control of the Onset of Puberty, Held in Liège, Belgium, 26–28 September 1999. Elsevier. Amsterdam & New York 2000. {{ISBN|0-444-50296-3}} pp 299–306.  
  • {{cite journal |pmid=7667433 |year=1995 |last1=Vilaplana |first1=J |last2=Madrid |last3=Sánchez-Vázquez |last4=Campuzano |last5=Cambras |last6=Díez-Noguera |title=Influence of period length of light/dark cycles on the body weight and food intake of young rats |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=9–13 |journal=Physiology & Behavior |doi=10.1016/0031-9384(95)00021-A |first2=JA |first3=J |first4=A |first5=T |first6=A}}
{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Boyar, Robert M.}}

5 : American endocrinologists|1937 births|1978 deaths|Physicians from New York (state)|20th-century American physicians
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